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Herein, AED usage, associated toxicities and immune consequences were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV replication was analysed in proliferating human T cells during AED exposure. Patients receiving AEDs in a geographically-based HIV care program were assessed using clinical and laboratory variables in addition to assessing AED indication, type, and cumulative exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Valproate suppressed proliferation\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      of both HIV-infected and uninfected T cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p &lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05) but AED exposures did not affect HIV production\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Among 1345 HIV\/AIDS persons in active care between 2001 and 2007, 169 individuals were exposed to AEDs for the following indications: peripheral neuropathy\/neuropathic pain (60%), seizure\/epilepsy (24%), mood disorder (13%) and movement disorder (2%). The most frequently prescribed AEDs were calcium channel blockers (gabapentin\/pregabalin), followed by sodium channel blockers (phenytoin, carbamazepine, lamotrigine) and valproate. In a nested cohort of 55 AED-treated patients receiving cART and aviremic, chronic exposure to sodium and calcium channel blocking AEDs was associated with increased CD4+ T cell levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p &lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05) with no change in CD8+ T cell levels over 12 months from the beginning of AED therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AEDs were prescribed for multiple indications without major adverse effects in this population but immune status in patients receiving sodium or calcium channel blocking drugs was improved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-10-44","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T07:19:33Z","timestamp":1335943173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical outcomes and immune benefits of anti-epileptic drug therapy in HIV\/AIDS"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kathy","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pornpun","family":"Vivithanaporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reed A","family":"Siemieniuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hartmut B","family":"Krentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand","family":"Maingat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M John","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"325_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2006.10.003","volume":"4","author":"AB Ettinger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ettinger AB, Argoff CE: Use of antiepileptic drugs for nonepileptic conditions: psychiatric disorders and chronic pain. 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