{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:46:56Z","timestamp":1785833216091,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,13]],"date-time":"2013-12-13T02:11:03Z","timestamp":1386900663000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Detection of human herpesviruses in the cerebrospinal fluid from patients diagnosed with or suspected of having progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Nakamichi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Shimokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Kurane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Kweng","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Saijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.164","volume":"6","author":"BJ Brew","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brew BJ, Davies NW, Cinque P, Clifford DB, Nath A: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other forms of JC virus disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010, 6: 667-679. 10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.164.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70040-5","volume":"9","author":"CS Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan CS, Koralnik IJ: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other disorders caused by JC virus: clinical features and pathogenesis. Lancet Neurol. 2010, 9: 425-437. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70040-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0694-x","volume":"120","author":"Y Shishido-Hara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shishido-Hara Y: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies: a review of clinical, neuropathological, and virological aspects of JC virus-induced demyelinating disease. Acta Neuropathol. 2010, 120: 403-417. 10.1007\/s00401-010-0694-x.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"916_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10450","volume":"71","author":"WA Knowles","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knowles WA, Pipkin P, Andrews N, Vyse A, Minor P, Brown DW, Miller E: Population-based study of antibody to the human polyomaviruses BKV and JCV and the simian polyomavirus SV40. J Med Virol. 2003, 71: 115-123. 10.1002\/jmv.10450.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"916_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1086\/598335","volume":"48","author":"N Khanna","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khanna N, Elzi L, Mueller NJ, Garzoni C, Cavassini M, Fux CA, Vernazza P, Bernasconi E, Battegay M, Hirsch HH: Incidence and outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy over 20\u00a0years of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2009, 48: 1459-1466. 10.1086\/598335.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"916_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655","volume":"61","author":"EO Major","year":"2010","unstructured":"Major EO: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies. Annu Rev Med. 2010, 61: 35-47. 10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"916_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4175","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4175-4177.2005","volume":"43","author":"A Marzocchetti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marzocchetti A, Di Giambenedetto S, Cingolani A, Ammassari A, Cauda R, De Luca A: Reduced rate of diagnostic positive detection of JC virus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid in cases of suspected progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Microbiol. 2005, 43: 4175-4177. 10.1128\/JCM.43.8.4175-4177.2005.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"916_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-12-121","volume":"12","author":"K Nakamichi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakamichi K, Mizusawa H, Yamada M, Kishida S, Miura Y, Shimokawa T, Takasaki T, Lim CK, Kurane I, Saijo M: Characteristics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy clarified through internet-assisted laboratory surveillance in Japan. BMC Neurol. 2012, 12: 121-10.1186\/1471-2377-12-121.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2001.tb00413.x","volume":"11","author":"BK Kleinschmidt-DeMasters","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Gilden DH: The expanding spectrum of herpesvirus infections of the nervous system. Brain Pathol. 2001, 11: 440-451. 10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2001.tb00413.x.","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"916_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328346be6f","volume":"24","author":"I Steiner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Steiner I: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis: new infection or reactivation?. Curr Opin Neurol. 2011, 24: 268-274. 10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328346be6f.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.42.33","volume":"42","author":"H Fujimoto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fujimoto H, Asaoka K, Imaizumi T, Ayabe M, Shoji H, Kaji M: Epstein-Barr virus infections of the central nervous system. Intern Med. 2003, 42: 33-40. 10.2169\/internalmedicine.42.33.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"916_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1086\/420934","volume":"38","author":"LC Ivers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ivers LC, Kim AY, Sax PE: Predictive value of polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid for detection of Epstein-Barr virus to establish the diagnosis of HIV-related primary central nervous system lymphoma. Clin Infect Dis. 2004, 38: 1629-1632. 10.1086\/420934.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"916_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289609146880","volume":"2","author":"T Weber","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weber T, Frye S, Bodemer M, Otto M, Luke W: Clinical implications of nucleic acid amplification methods for the diagnosis of viral infections of the nervous system. J Neurovirol. 1996, 2: 175-190. 10.3109\/13550289609146880.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"916_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.64.211","volume":"64","author":"K Nakamichi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakamichi K, Kurane I, Saijo M: Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR assay for the detection of JC polyomavirus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid without nucleic acid extraction. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2011, 64: 211-216.","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"916_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1532-3","volume":"158","author":"K Nakamichi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nakamichi K, Kishida S, Tanaka K, Suganuma A, Sano Y, Sano H, Kanda T, Maeda N, Kira J, Itoh A, Kato N, Tomimoto H, Kurane I, Lim CK, Mizusawa H, Saijo M: Sequential changes in the non-coding control region sequences of JC polyomaviruses from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Arch Virol. 2013, 158: 639-650. 10.1007\/s00705-012-1532-3.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"916_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(98)00176-1","volume":"79","author":"K Hawrami","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hawrami K, Breuer J: Development of a fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay (TaqMan) for the detection and quantitation of varicella zoster virus. J Virol Methods. 1999, 79: 33-40. 10.1016\/S0166-0934(98)00176-1.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"916_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1086\/511981","volume":"195","author":"H Ogawa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ogawa H, Suzutani T, Baba Y, Koyano S, Nozawa N, Ishibashi K, Fujieda K, Inoue N, Omori K: Etiology of severe sensorineural hearing loss in children: independent impact of congenital cytomegalovirus infection and GJB2 mutations. J Infect Dis. 2007, 195: 782-788. 10.1086\/511981.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"916_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1086\/426402","volume":"191","author":"A Weinberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weinberg A, Bloch KC, Li S, Tang YW, Palmer M, Tyler KL: Dual infections of the central nervous system with Epstein-Barr virus. J Infect Dis. 2005, 191: 234-237. 10.1086\/426402.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"916_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.03.017","volume":"42","author":"C Corcoran","year":"2008","unstructured":"Corcoran C, Rebe K, van der Plas H, Myer L, Hardie DR: The predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid Epstein-Barr viral load as a marker of primary central nervous system lymphoma in HIV-infected persons. J Clin Virol. 2008, 42: 433-436. 10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.03.017.","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"916_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03321-12","volume":"51","author":"R Kannangai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kannangai R, Sachithanandham J, Mahadevan A, Abraham AM, Sridharan G, Desai A, Ravi V, Shankar SK: Association of neurotropic viruses in HIV-infected individuals who died of secondary complications of tuberculosis, cryptococcosis, or toxoplasmosis in South India. J Clin Microbiol. 2013, 51: 1022-1025. 10.1128\/JCM.03321-12.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"916_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007727","volume":"244","author":"A d\u2019Arminio Monforte","year":"1997","unstructured":"d\u2019Arminio Monforte A, Cinque P, Vago L, Rocca A, Castagna A, Gervasoni C, Terreni MR, Novati R, Gori A, Lazzarin A, Moroni M: A comparison of brain biopsy and CSF-PCR in the diagnosis of CNS lesions in AIDS patients. J Neurol. 1997, 244: 35-39.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"916_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.045336","volume":"76","author":"NW Davies","year":"2005","unstructured":"Davies NW, Brown LJ, Gonde J, Irish D, Robinson RO, Swan AV, Banatvala J, Howard RS, Sharief MK, Muir P: Factors influencing PCR detection of viruses in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with suspected CNS infections. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005, 76: 82-87. 10.1136\/jnnp.2004.045336.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"916_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199610090-00004","volume":"10","author":"P Cinque","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cinque P, Vago L, Dahl H, Brytting M, Terreni MR, Fornara C, Racca S, Castagna A, Monforte AD, Wahren B, Lazzarin A, Linde A: Polymerase chain reaction on cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of virus-associated opportunistic diseases of the central nervous system in HIV-infected patients. AIDS. 1996, 10: 951-958. 10.1097\/00002030-199610090-00004.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"916_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1086\/589747","volume":"47","author":"AR Tunkel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tunkel AR, Glaser CA, Bloch KC, Sejvar JJ, Marra CM, Roos KL, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, Scheld WM, Whitley RJ: The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2008, 47: 303-327. 10.1086\/589747.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T23:23:47Z","timestamp":1688858627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2377-13-200","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"article-number":"200"}}