{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:03:26Z","timestamp":1791201806219,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]],"date-time":"2013-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]],"date-time":"2013-04-08T10:14:58Z","timestamp":1365416098000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Risk of recurrence, subsequent mode of birth and morbidity for women who experienced severe perineal trauma in a first birth in New South Wales between 2000 \u20132008: a population based data linkage study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Holly","family":"Priddis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah G","family":"Dahlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Schmied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Sneddon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Kettle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2007.00186.x","volume":"34","author":"H Dahlen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dahlen H, Homer CSE, Cooke M, Upton A, Nunn RA, Brodrick BS: Perineal outcomes and maternal comfort related to the application of perineal warm packs in the second stage of labor. A randomized controlled trial. Birth. 2007, 34: 282-290. 10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2007.00186.x.","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"740_CR2","volume-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","author":"RJ Fernando","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fernando RJ, Sultan AHH, Kettle C, Thakar R, Radley S: Methods of repair for obstetric anal sphincter injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006, 10.1002\/14651858.CD002866.pub2. Issue 3 Art No: CD002866"},{"key":"740_CR3","first-page":"11","volume":"29","author":"RCOG","year":"2007","unstructured":"RCOG: The management of third- and fourth-degree perineal tears. Green-Top Guideline. 2007, 29: 11-","journal-title":"Green-Top Guideline"},{"key":"740_CR4","volume-title":"Australia's Mothers and Babies 2008","author":"PJ Laws","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laws PJ, Li Z, Sullivan EA: Australia's Mothers and Babies 2008. 2010, Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare"},{"key":"740_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"09","author":"C Kettle","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kettle C, Tohill S: Perineal Care. Clinical Evidence (Online). 2008, 09: 1-17.","journal-title":"Clinical Evidence (Online)"},{"key":"740_CR6","volume-title":"BJOG","author":"E Baghestan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baghestan E, Irgens LM, Bordahl PE, Rasmussen S: Risk of recurrence and subsequent delivery after obstetric anal sphincter injuries. BJOG. 2011, 10.1097\/OGX.0b013e3182562ccc."},{"key":"740_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00799.x","volume":"113","author":"V Andrews","year":"2006","unstructured":"Andrews V, Sultan A, Thakar R, Jones P: Occult anal sphincter injuries\u2014myth or reality?. BJOG. 2006, 113: 195-200. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00799.x.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"740_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.02.017","volume":"102","author":"B Kudish","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kudish B, Sokol RJ, Kruger M: Trends in major modifiable risk factors for severe perineal trauma, 1996\u20132006. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2008, 102: 165-170. 10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.02.017.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"740_CR9","unstructured":"Dahlen H, Priddis H, Schmied V, Sneddon A, Kettle C, Brown C, Thorton C: Trends and risk factors for severe perineal trauma in New South Wales between 2000-2008: a population based data study. Under Review"},{"key":"740_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2008.00259.x","volume":"37","author":"H Dahlen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dahlen H, Homer C: Perineal trauma and postpartum perineal morbidity in Asian and non-Asian primiparous women. JOGNN. 2008, 37: 455-463. 10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2008.00259.x.","journal-title":"JOGNN"},{"key":"740_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2011.08.003","volume":"25","author":"J Wheeler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wheeler J, David D, Fry M, Brodie P, Homer C: Is Asian ethnicity an independent risk factor for severe perineal trauma in childbirth? A systematic review of the literature. Women Birth. 2012, 25: 107-113. 10.1016\/j.wombi.2011.08.003.","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"740_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610802665090","volume":"29","author":"O Eskandar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eskandar O, Shet D: Risk factors for 3rd and 4th degree perineal tear. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2009, 29: 119-122. 10.1080\/01443610802665090.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"740_CR13","volume-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","author":"F O'Mahony","year":"2010","unstructured":"O'Mahony F, Hofmeyr GJ, Menon V: Choice of instruments for assisted vaginal delivery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010, 10.1002\/14651858.CD005455.pub2. Issue 11. Art. No.: CD005455"},{"key":"740_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.17.2141","volume":"293","author":"K Hartman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hartman K, Viswanathan M, Palmieri R, Gartlehener G, Thorp J, Lohr KN: Outcomes of routine episiotomy: a systematic review. JAMA. 2005, 293: 2141-2148. 10.1001\/jama.293.17.2141.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"740_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01482.x","volume":"114","author":"K Gottvall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gottvall K, Allebeck P, Ekeus C: Risk factors for anal sphincter tears: the importance of maternal position at birth. BJOG. 2007, 114: 1266-1272. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01482.x.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"740_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2005.00356.x","volume":"32","author":"A Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams A, Lavender T, Richmond DH, Tincello DG: Women's experiences after a third degree obstetric anal sphincter tear: a qualitative study. Birth. 2005, 32: 129-136. 10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2005.00356.x.","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"740_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priddis H, Dahlen HG, Schmied V: Women\u2019s experiences following severe perineal trauma: A meta-ethnographic synthesis. J Adv Nurs. 69 (4): 748-759. 10.1111\/jan.12005.","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12005"},{"key":"740_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03150.x","volume":"119","author":"E Baghestan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baghestan E, Irgens LM, Bordahl PE, Rasmussen S: Risk of recurrence and subsequent deliveries after obstetric anal sphincter injuries. BJOG. 2011, 119: 62-69.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"740_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344.e341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.10.893","volume":"196","author":"JL Lowder","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lowder JL, Burrows LJ, Krohn MA, Weber AM: Risk factors for primary and subsequent anal sphincter lacerations: a comparison of cohorts by parity and prior mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007, 196: 344.e341-344.e345.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"740_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050600921307","volume":"19","author":"H Edwards","year":"2006","unstructured":"Edwards H, Grotegut C, Harmanli OH, Rapkin D, Dandolu V: Is severe perineal damage increased in women with prior anal sphincter injury?. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006, 19: 723-727. 10.1080\/14767050600921307.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"740_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00138.x","volume":"111","author":"I Elfaghi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elfaghi I, Johansson-Ernste B, Rydhstroem H: Rupture of the sphincter ani: the recurrence rate in second delivery. BJOG. 2004, 111: 1361-1364. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00138.x.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"740_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00980.x","volume":"23","author":"C Roberts","year":"2008","unstructured":"Roberts C, Bell J, Ford J, Morris J: Monitoring the quality of maternity care: how well are labour and delivery events reported in population health data?. Paediatirc and Perinatal Epidemiology. 2008, 23: 144-152.","journal-title":"Paediatirc and Perinatal Epidemiology"},{"key":"740_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2005.00339.x","volume":"45","author":"L Taylor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taylor L, Travis S, Pym M, Olive E, Henderson-Smart D: How useful are hospital morbidity data for monitoring conditions occurring in the perinatal period?. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2005, 45: 36-41. 10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2005.00339.x.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"740_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01200.x","volume":"109","author":"K Gottvall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gottvall K, Waldenstrom U: Does a traumatic birth experience have an impact on future reproduction?. BJOG. 2002, 109: 254-260. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01200.x.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"740_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2011.00113.x","volume":"57","author":"L Rilby","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rilby L, Jansson S, Lindblom B, Martensson L: A qualitative study of women's feelings about future childbirth: dread and delight. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2012, 57: 120-215. 10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2011.00113.x.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"key":"740_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0908-8","volume":"20","author":"I Scheer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scheer I, Thakar R, Sultan AH: Mode of delivery after previous obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) - a reappraisal?. International Urogynecology Journal. 2009, 20: 1095-1101. 10.1007\/s00192-009-0908-8.","journal-title":"International Urogynecology Journal"},{"key":"740_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783X-15-8-362","volume":"15","author":"K Jundr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jundr K, Scheer I, von Bodungen V, Krumbachner F, Friese K, Peschers M: What harm does a second delivery to the pelvic floor?. Eur J Med Res. 2010, 15: 362-366. 10.1186\/2047-783X-15-8-362.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"740_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00621-5","volume":"189","author":"D McKenna","year":"2003","unstructured":"McKenna D, Ester J, Fischer J: Elective cesarean delivery for women with a previous anal sphincter rupture. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003, 189: 1251-1256. 10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00621-5.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"740_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2165\/11318810-000000000-00000","volume":"3","author":"P McGrath","year":"2010","unstructured":"McGrath P, Phillips E, Vaughan G: Speaking out! qualitative insights on the experience of mothers who wanted a vaginal birth after birth by caesarean section. Patient. 2010, 3: 25-32. 10.2165\/11318810-000000000-00000.","journal-title":"Patient"},{"key":"740_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.5172\/conu.2009.34.1.077","volume":"34","author":"E Phillips","year":"2009\u201310","unstructured":"Phillips E, McGrath P, Vaughan G: 'I wanted desperately to have a natural birth': mothers' insights on Vaginal Birth After Caesarean (VBAC). Contemp Nurse. 2009\u201310, 34: 77-84. 10.5172\/conu.2009.34.1.077.","journal-title":"Contemp Nurse"},{"key":"740_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2006.01747.x","volume":"16","author":"J Fenwick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fenwick J, Gamble J, Hauck Y: Believing in birth - choosing VBAC: the childbirth expectations of a self-selected cohort of Australian women. J Clin Nurs. 2007, 16: 1561-1570. 10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2006.01747.x.","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"740_CR32","first-page":"309","volume":"204","author":"EF Hamilton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hamilton EF, Smith S, Yang L, Warrick P, Ciampi A: Third- and fourth-degree perineal lacerations: defining high-risk clinical clusters. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011, 204: 309-e301-306","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"740_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02521.x","volume":"190","author":"SJ Robson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Robson SJ, Laws P, Sullivan EA: Adverse outcomes of labour in public and private hospitals in Australia: a population based descriptive study. The Medical Journal of Australia. 2005, 190: 474-477.","journal-title":"The Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"740_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2009.tb03329.x","volume":"191","author":"S Tracy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tracy S, Welsh A, Dahlen H, Tracy M: Letter to the Editor re Robson SJ, Laws P, Sullivan EA. Adverse outcomes of labour in public and private hospitals in Australia: a population-based descriptive study. Med J Aust 2009; 190: 474\u2013477. Medical Journal of Australia. 2009, 191: 579-580.","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"740_CR35","volume-title":"Risky research. Inside Story","author":"H Dahlen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dahlen H, Tracy S: Risky research. Inside Story. 2009, : , http:\/\/inside.org.au\/risky-research\/ ,"},{"key":"740_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2006.04.004","volume":"23","author":"H Dahlen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dahlen H, Ryan M, Homer C, Cooke M: An Australian prospective cohort study of risk factors for severe perineal trauma during childbirth. Midwifery. 2007, 23: 196-203. 10.1016\/j.midw.2006.04.004.","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"740_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2000.00247.x","volume":"14","author":"B Zaren","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zaren B, Lindmark G, Bakketeig L: Maternal smoking affects fetal growth more in male the fetus. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2000, 14: 118-126. 10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2000.00247.x.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"740_CR38","volume-title":"Bick D (Eds.): Perineal Care: An international issue","author":"C Henderson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Henderson C: Bick D (Eds.): Perineal Care: An international issue. 2005, Wiltshire: Quay Books,"},{"key":"740_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00980.x","volume":"23","author":"C Roberts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roberts C, Bell J, Ford J, Morris J: Monitoring the quality of maternity care \u2014 how well are labour and delivery events reported in population health data?. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2009, 23: 144-152. 10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00980.x.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"740_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1071\/NB00045","volume":"11","author":"L Taylor","year":"2000","unstructured":"Taylor L, Pym M, Bajuk B: Validation study:NSW midwives data collection 1998. NSW Public Health Bulletin 2000. 2000, 11: 97-99.","journal-title":"NSW Public Health Bulletin 2000"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T01:35:55Z","timestamp":1595640955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["740"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2393-13-89","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]]},"article-number":"89"}}