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We have also tried to evaluate whether these variants affect the bladder tumor stage and grade.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The patients group was constituted of 193 newly diagnosed cases of bladder tumors. The controls group was constituted of non-related healthy subjects. The rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our data have reported that non smoker and light smoker patients (1-19PY) are protected against bladder cancer development. Moreover, light smokers have less risk for developing advanced tumors stage. When we investigated the effect of genetic polymorphisms in bladder cancer development we have found that ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants were not implicated in the bladder cancer occurrence. However, the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with 2.09-fold increased risk of developing bladder cancer compared to the control carrying the wild genotype (p = 0.03, OR = 2.09, CI 95% 1.09-3.99). Finally, we have found that the XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 variants don't affect the tumors stage and grade.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These results suggest that the mutated homozygous genotype for XPC gene was associated with increased risk of developing bladder. However we have found no association between rs2228001, rs13181 and rs17655 polymorphisms and tumors stage and grade.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,22]],"date-time":"2011-03-22T19:14:03Z","timestamp":1300821243000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The effect of tobacco, XPC, ERCC2 and ERCC5 genetic variants in bladder cancer development"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kamel","family":"Rouissi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Islem Ben","family":"Bahria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Bougatef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Marrakchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nejla","family":"Stambouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khouloud","family":"Hamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Cherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Riadh","family":"Ben Slama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Sfaxi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fethi Ben","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Chebil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amel Benammar","family":"Elgaaied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slah","family":"Ouerhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2590_CR1","volume-title":"Bladder cancer: biology, diagnosis, and management","author":"DT Silverman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Silverman DT, Rothman N, Devesa SS, Syrigos KN, Skinner DG: Bladder cancer: biology, diagnosis, and management. 1999, Oxford University Press, New York"},{"key":"2590_CR2","volume-title":"Cancer incidence in five continents","author":"DM Parkin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Parkin DM, Whelan S, Ferlay J, Leppo L, Thomas DB: Cancer incidence in five continents. 2002, Lyon: IARC Publication"},{"key":"2590_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000801)89:3<630::AID-CNCR19>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"89","author":"MP Zeegers","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zeegers MP, Tan FE, Dorant E, van Den Brandt PA: The impact of characteristics of cigarette smoking on urinary tract cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. 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