{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T07:45:16Z","timestamp":1776584716219,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]],"date-time":"2011-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298678400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The optimal treatment of early stage follicular Lymphoma is a matter of debate. Radiation therapy has frequently been applied with a curative approach beside watchful waiting. Involved field, extended field and total nodal radiation techniques are used in various protocols, but the optimal radiation field still has to be defined. Follicular lymphoma is characterized by stable expression of the CD20 antigen on the tumour cells surface. The anti CD20 antibody Rituximab (Mabthera<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) has shown to be effective in systemic therapy of FL in primary treatment, relapse and maintenance therapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods\/design<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The MIR (Mabthera<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> and Involved field Radiation) study is a prospective multicenter trial combining systemic treatment with the anti CD20 antibody Rituximab (Mabthera<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) in combination with involved field radiotherapy (30 - 40 Gy). This trial aims at testing the combination's efficacy and safety with an accrual of 85 patients.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Primary endpoint of the study is progression free survival. Secondary endpoints are response rate to Rituximab, complete remission rate at week 18, relapse rate, relapse pattern, relapse free survival, overall survival, toxicity and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The trial evaluates the efficacy of Rituximab to prevent out-filed recurrences in early stage nodal follicular lymphoma and the safety of the combination of Rituximab and involved field radiotherapy. It also might show additional risk factors for a later recurrence (e.g. remission state after Rituximab only).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>ClinicalTrials (NCT): <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00509184\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">NCT00509184<\/jats:ext-link>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]],"date-time":"2011-03-04T19:34:16Z","timestamp":1299267256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Treatment of limited stage follicular lymphoma with Rituximab immunotherapy and involved field radiotherapy in a prospective multicenter Phase II trial-MIR trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mathias","family":"Witzens-Harig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Hensel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Unterhalt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Herfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2578_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.8.2780","volume":"16","author":"JO Armitage","year":"1998","unstructured":"Armitage JO, Weisenburger DD: New approach to classifying non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: clinical features of the major histologic subtypes. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2780-2795.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.15.1240","volume":"92","author":"FD Groves","year":"2000","unstructured":"Groves FD, Linet MS, Travis LB, Devesa SS: Cancer surveillance series: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence by histologic subtype in the United States from 1978 through 1995. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000, 92: 1240-1251. 10.1093\/jnci\/92.15.1240.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2578_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19971215)80:12<2273::AID-CNCR9>3.0.CO;2-V","volume":"80","author":"M Stuschke","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stuschke M, Hoederath A, Sack H, et al: Extended field and total central lymphatic radiotherapy in the treatment of early stage lymph node centroblastic-centrocytic lymphomas: results of a prospective multicenter study. Study Group NHL- fruhe Stadien. Canc. 1997, 80: 2273-2284. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19971215)80:12<2273::AID-CNCR9>3.0.CO;2-V.","journal-title":"Canc"},{"key":"2578_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(80)90027-9","volume":"6","author":"S Monfardini","year":"1980","unstructured":"Monfardini S, Banfi A, Bonadonna G, et al: Improved five year survival after combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy for stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1980, 6: 125-134. 10.1016\/0360-3016(80)90027-9.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2578_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197909)44:3<831::AID-CNCR2820440307>3.0.CO;2-S","volume":"44","author":"TG Landberg","year":"1979","unstructured":"Landberg TG, Hakansson LG, Moller TR, et al: CVP-remission-maintenance in stage I or II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: preliminary results of a randomized study. Canc. 1979, 44: 831-838. 10.1002\/1097-0142(197909)44:3<831::AID-CNCR2820440307>3.0.CO;2-S.","journal-title":"Canc"},{"key":"2578_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02990087","volume":"11","author":"SM Kelsey","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kelsey SM, Newland AC, Hudson GV, Jelliffe AM: A British National Lymphoma Investigation randomised trial of single agent chlorambucil plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in low grade, localised non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Med Oncol. 1994, 11: 19-25. 10.1007\/BF02990087.","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930401)71:7<2342::AID-CNCR2820710728>3.0.CO;2-I","volume":"71","author":"J Yahalom","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yahalom J, Varsos G, Fuks Z, et al: Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy after radiation therapy in stage I low-grade and intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Results of a prospective randomized study. Canc. 1993, 71: 2342-2350. 10.1002\/1097-0142(19930401)71:7<2342::AID-CNCR2820710728>3.0.CO;2-I.","journal-title":"Canc"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2578_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/2.suppl_2.137","volume":"2","author":"P McLaughlin","year":"1991","unstructured":"McLaughlin P, Fuller L, Redman J, et al: Stage I-II low-grade lymphomas: a prospective trial of combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Ann Oncol. 1991, 2 (Suppl 2): 137-140.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.07.111","volume":"21","author":"JF Seymour","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seymour JF, Pro B, Fuller LM, et al: Long-term follow-up of a prospective study of combined modality therapy for stage I-II indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21: 2115-2122. 10.1200\/JCO.2003.07.111.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3266","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.10.3266","volume":"15","author":"DG Maloney","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maloney DG, Grillo LA, Bodkin DJ, et al: IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple-dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997, 15: 3266-3274.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.8.2825","volume":"16","author":"P McLaughlin","year":"1998","unstructured":"McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al: Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol. 1998, 16: 2825-2833.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s002770000163","volume":"79","author":"M Feuring-Buske","year":"2000","unstructured":"Feuring-Buske M, Kneba M, Unterhalt M, et al: IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 antibody treatment in relapsed advanced-stage follicular lymphomas: results of a phase-II study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Ann ematol. 2000, 79: 493-500. 10.1007\/s002770000163.","journal-title":"Ann ematol"},{"key":"2578_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.1.101","volume":"97","author":"P Colombat","year":"2001","unstructured":"Colombat P, Salles G, Brousse N, et al: Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) as single first-line therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma with a low tumor burden: clinical and molecular evaluation. Blood. 2001, 97: 101-106. 10.1182\/blood.V97.1.101.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.04.020","volume":"22","author":"MS Czuczman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Czuczman MS, Weaver R, Alkuzweny B, Berlfein J, Grillo-Lopez AJ: Prolonged clinical and molecular remission in patients with low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with rituximab plus CHOP chemotherapy: 9-year follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2004, 22: 4711-4716. 10.1200\/JCO.2004.04.020.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.4618","volume":"25","author":"M Herold","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herold M, Haas A, Srock S, et al: Rituximab Added to First-Line Mitoxantrone, Chlorambucil, and Prednisolone Chemotherapy Followed by Interferon Maintenance Prolongs Survival in Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma: An East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007, 25: 1986-1992. 10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.4618.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4824","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-153189","volume":"112","author":"G Salles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Salles G, Mounier N, de GS, et al: Rituximab combined with chemotherapy and interferon in follicular lymphoma patients: results of the GELA-GOELAMS FL2000 study. Blood. 2008, 112: 4824-4831. 10.1182\/blood-2008-04-153189.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR17","volume-title":"Blood","author":"W Hiddemann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hiddemann W, Kneba M, Dreyling M, et al: Front-line therapy with rituximab added to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) significantly improves the outcome of patients with advanced stage follicular lymphomas as compared to CHOP alone - results of a prospective randomized study of the german low grade lymphoma study group (GLSG). Blood. 2005"},{"key":"2578_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4579","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.5376","volume":"26","author":"R Marcus","year":"2008","unstructured":"Marcus R, Imrie K, Solal-Celigny P, et al: Phase III study of R-CVP compared with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone alone in patients with previously untreated advanced follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2008, 26: 4579-4586. 10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.5376.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1323","volume":"104","author":"R Forstpointner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Forstpointner R, Dreyling M, Repp R, et al: The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 2004, 104: 3064-3071. 10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1323.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3295","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-05-021113","volume":"108","author":"MH van Oers","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Oers MH, Klasa R, Marcus RE, et al: Rituximab maintenance improves clinical outcome of relapsed\/resistant follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients both with and without rituximab during induction: results of a prospective randomized phase 3 intergroup trial. Blood. 2006, 108: 3295-3301. 10.1182\/blood-2006-05-021113.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4416","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3411","volume":"103","author":"M Ghielmini","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ghielmini M, Schmitz SF, Cogliatti SB, et al: Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma significantly increases event-free survival and response duration compared with the standard weekly \u00d7 4 schedule. Blood. 2004, 103: 4416-4423. 10.1182\/blood-2003-10-3411.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4003","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-04-016725","volume":"108","author":"R Forstpointner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Forstpointner R, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M, et al: Maintenance therapy with rituximab leads to a significant prolongation of response duration after salvage therapy with a combination of rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone (R-FCM) in patients with recurring and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: Results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Blood. 2006, 108: 4003-4008. 10.1182\/blood-2006-04-016725.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.1561","volume":"27","author":"H Hochster","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hochster H, Weller E, Gascoyne RD, et al: Maintenance rituximab after cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone prolongs progression-free survival in advanced indolent lymphoma: results of the randomized phase III ECOG1496 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2009, 27: 1607-1614. 10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.1561.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15s","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8004","volume":"28","author":"GA Salles","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salles GA, Seymour JF, Feugier P, et al: Rituximab maintenance for 2 years in patients with untreated high tumor burden follicular lymphoma after response to immunochemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2010, 28: 15s-(suppl; abstr 8004)","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh425","volume":"15","author":"W Brugger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brugger W, Hirsch J, Grunebach F, et al: Rituximab consolidation after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in follicular and mantle cell lymphoma: a prospective, multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol. 2004, 15: 1691-1698. 10.1093\/annonc\/mdh425.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2578_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704102","volume":"32","author":"S Galimberti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Galimberti S, Guerrini F, Morabito F, et al: Quantitative molecular evaluation in autotransplant programs for follicular lymphoma: efficacy of in vivo purging by Rituximab. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003, 32: 57-63. 10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704102.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2578_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.3.856","volume":"99","author":"A Rambaldi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rambaldi A, Lazzari M, Manzoni C, et al: Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2002, 99: 856-862. 10.1182\/blood.V99.3.856.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2578_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.46.241","volume":"46","author":"I Skvortsova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Skvortsova I, Popper BA, Skvortsov S, et al: Pretreatment with rituximab enhances radiosensitivity of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2005, 46: 241-248. 10.1269\/jrr.46.241.","journal-title":"J Radiat Res (Tokyo)"},{"key":"2578_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1269\/jrr.47.183","volume":"47","author":"I Skvortsova","year":"2006","unstructured":"Skvortsova I, Skvortsov S, Popper BA, et al: Rituximab enhances radiation-triggered apoptosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells via caspase-dependent and - independent mechanisms. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2006, 47: 183-196. 10.1269\/jrr.47.183.","journal-title":"J Radiat Res (Tokyo)"},{"key":"2578_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.4.1244","volume":"17","author":"BD Cheson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cheson BD, Horning SJ, Coiffier B, et al: Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. NCI Sponsored International Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999, 17: 1244-","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T20:17:15Z","timestamp":1630613835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-87","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 May 2010","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"87"}}