{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T05:47:03Z","timestamp":1794203223711,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]],"date-time":"2014-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399680000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The efficacy of topical ophthalmic corticosteroids depends upon small modifications in preparations, such as drug concentration.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>The aim of this study was to confirm that hydrocortisone acetate (HC-ac) ophthalmic ointments of 2.5% and 1% are more effective than a 0.5% eye ointment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical study, the change of signs and symptoms of acute inflammation of the ocular surface and adnexa was evaluated in 411 subjects.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Median time to clinically relevant response as estimated by 50% reduction in clinical signs and symptoms (CSS) total score over the entire trial was similar for subjects treated with HC-ac 2.5% (73.5\u00a0h) and for subjects treated with HC-ac 1.0% (67.7\u00a0h) and was considerably and significantly longer for subjects treated with HC-ac 0.5% (111.8\u00a0h) [p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for both dosages]. All trial medications were safe and well tolerated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Hydrocortisone acetate 2.5% and Hydrocortisone acetate 1% eye ointments are efficacious and safe treatments for acute inflammations of the ocular surface or adnexa, and showed significantly better efficacy than a control group treated with Hydrocortisone acetate 0.5% therapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Current Controlled Trials <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.controlled-trials.com\/ISRCTN15464650\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">ISRCTN15464650<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]],"date-time":"2014-05-10T05:03:59Z","timestamp":1399698239000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hydrocortisone concentration influences time to clinically significant healing of acute inflammation of the ocular surface and adnexa \u2013 results from a double-blind randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Sergiyenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Sukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Bezdetko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Kovalenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Nikitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Merzbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothea","family":"Gro\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Kohnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"441_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2008.03716.x","volume":"153","author":"A Leonardi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leonardi A, Motterle L, Bortolotti M: Allergy and the eye. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008, 153: 17-21.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"441_CR2","first-page":"149","volume":"3","author":"O Kari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kari O, Saari KM: Updates in the treatment of ocular allergies. J Asthma Allergy. 2010, 3: 149-158.","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"key":"441_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-88317-3_2","volume-title":"Allergy Frontiers: Clinical Manifestations","author":"S Bonini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonini S, Sgrulleta R, Coassin M, Bonini B: Allergic Conjunctivitis: update on its Pathophysiology and Perspectives for Future Treatment. Allergy Frontiers: Clinical Manifestations. Edited by: Pawankar R, Holgate ST, Rosenwasser LJ. 2009, Springer, 25-47."},{"key":"441_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.09R05FM","volume":"110","author":"A Ikoma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ikoma A: Analysis of the mechanism for the development of allergic skin inflammation and the application for its treatment: mechanisms and management of itch in atopic dermatitis. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009, 110: 265-269. 10.1254\/jphs.09R05FM.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"441_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.10.1203","volume":"82","author":"JI McGill","year":"1998","unstructured":"McGill JI, Holgate ST, Church MK, Anderson DF, Bacon A: Allergic eye disease mechanisms. Br J Ophthalmol. 1998, 82: 1203-1214. 10.1136\/bjo.82.10.1203.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"441_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.2174\/187221311794474883","volume":"5","author":"G Mishra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mishra G, Tamboli V, Kwala J, Mitra A: Recent patents and emerging therapeutics in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2011, 5: 26-36. 10.2174\/187221311794474883.","journal-title":"Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov"},{"key":"441_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.2174\/187221309788489733","volume":"3","author":"AH Wong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wong AH, Barg SS, Leung AK: Seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis. Recent Pat Inflamm Alergy Drug Discov. 2009, 3: 118-127. 10.2174\/187221309788489733.","journal-title":"Recent Pat Inflamm Alergy Drug Discov"},{"key":"441_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.10.042","volume":"115","author":"SF Ono","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ono SF, Abelson MB: Allergic conjunctivitis: update on pathophysiology and prospects for future treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005, 115: 18-122.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"441_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-012-2001-0","volume":"250","author":"PA Bezdetko","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bezdetko PA, Sergienko N, Dyomin Y, Korol A, Nikitin N, Merzbacher M, Gro\u00df D, Kohnen R: Successful treatment of blepharitis with bibrocathol (Posiformin\u00ae 2%). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012, 250: 1869-1875. 10.1007\/s00417-012-2001-0.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"441_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.2307\/2533441","volume":"50","author":"P Bauer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bauer P, K\u00f6hne K: Evaluations of experiments with adaptive interim analyses. Biometrics. 1994, 50: 1029-1041. 10.2307\/2533441.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"441_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4036(199906)41:3<261::AID-BIMJ261>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"3","author":"M Kieser","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kieser M, Bauer P, Lehmacher W: Inference of multiple endpoints in clinical trials with adaptive interim analyses. Biom J. 1999, 3: 261-277.","journal-title":"Biom J"},{"key":"441_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2011.576039","volume":"14","author":"JC Virchow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Virchow JC, Kay S, Demoly P, Mullol J, Canonica W, Higgins V: Impact of ocular symptoms on quality of life (QoL), work productivity and resource utilisation in allergic rhinitis patients \u2013 an observational, cross sectional study in four countries. Europe J Med Econ. 2011, 14: 305-314. 10.3111\/13696998.2011.576039.","journal-title":"Europe J Med Econ"}],"container-title":["BMC Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T04:12:35Z","timestamp":1630555955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2415-14-64","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 July 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"64"}}