{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:21:54Z","timestamp":1790904114175,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,30]],"date-time":"2007-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170115200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To characterize <jats:italic>Fusarium<\/jats:italic> isolates from recent cases of fungal keratitis in contact lens wearers, and to investigate fungal association with MoistureLoc solution.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We studied six fungal isolates from recent cases of keratitis in New York State. The isolates were characterized by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of multiple genes, and then typed using minisatellite and microsatellite probes. Experimental fungal biofilm formation was tested by standard methods. MoistureLoc solutions were tested in biofouling studies for their efficacy in elimination of <jats:italic>Fusarium<\/jats:italic> contamination.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Fusarium solani<\/jats:italic> \u2013 corneal ulcers (2 isolates), lens case (1 isolate), and <jats:italic>F. oxysporum<\/jats:italic> \u2013 corneal ulcer (1 isolate), eye (1 isolate), were recovered from five patients. An opened bottle of MoistureLoc solution provided by a patient also yielded <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic>. Two distinct genotypes of <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> as well as of <jats:italic>F. oxysporum<\/jats:italic> were present in the isolated strains. Remarkably, <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> strains from the lens case and lens solution in one instance were similar, based on phylogenetic analyses and molecular typing. The solution isolate of <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> formed biofilm on contact lenses in control conditions, but not when co-incubated with MoistureLoc solution. Both freshly opened and 3-month old MoistureLoc solutions effectively killed <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>F. oxysporum<\/jats:italic>, when fungal contamination was simulated under recommended lens treatment regimen (4-hr). However, simulation of inappropriate use (15 \u2013 60 min) led to the recovery of less than 1% of original inoculum of <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>F. oxysporum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Temporary survival of <jats:italic>F. solani<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>F. oxysporum<\/jats:italic> in MoistureLoc suggested that improper lens cleaning regimen could be a possible contributing factor in recent infections.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-7-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,6]],"date-time":"2007-02-06T19:53:58Z","timestamp":1170791638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Molecular characterization, biofilm analysis and experimental biofouling study of Fusariumisolates from recent cases of fungal keratitis in New York State"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Madhu","family":"Dyavaiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Ramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C","family":"Ritterband","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahendra K","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A","family":"Samsonoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"101_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31225-5","volume":"101","author":"RH Rosa Jr.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rosa RH, Miller D, Alfonso EC: The changing spectrum of fungal keratitis in south Florida. 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