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The hypothesis on an association between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and cognitive function was examined in healthy children, independently of socioeconomic and nutritional factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A community-based study was conducted among 200 children aged 6-9 years, from different socioeconomic background.\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was examined by an ELISA kit for detection of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      antigen in stool samples. Cognitive function of the children was blindly assessed using Stanford-Benit test 5\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      edition, yielding IQ scores. Data on socioeconomic factors and nutritional covariates were collected through maternal interviews and from medical records. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to obtain adjusted beta coefficients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was associated with lower IQ scores only in children from a relatively higher socioeconomic community; adjusted beta coefficient -6.1 (95% CI -11.4, -0.8) (P = 0.02) for full-scale IQ score, -6.0 (95% CI -11.1, -0.2) (P = 0.04) for non-verbal IQ score and -5.7 (95% CI -10.8, -0.6) (P = 0.02) for verbal IQ score, after controlling for potential confounders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection might be negatively involved in cognitive development at early school age. Further studies in other populations with larger samples are needed to confirm this novel finding.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-43","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]],"date-time":"2011-05-25T14:23:23Z","timestamp":1306333403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["An association between Helicobacter pylori infection and cognitive function in children at early school age: a community-based study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Khitam","family":"Muhsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asher","family":"Ornoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Akawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gershon","family":"Alpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dani","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"458_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07744-9","volume":"359","author":"DS Berkman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Berkman DS, Lescano AG, Gilman RH, Lopez SL, Black MM: Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late childhood: a follow-up study. 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