{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:46:47Z","timestamp":1787507207843,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,11]],"date-time":"2006-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1147305600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is an important problem in premature infants. Surgical PDA ligation is usually only be considered when medical treatment has either failed or was contraindicated. The aims of our study were to determine the mortality and morbidity following patent ductus arteriosus ligation in premature infants, and whether prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor (PSI) use prior to ligation affects outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case note review study to determine the outcome of premature infants undergoing patent ductus arteriosus ligation in one tertiary neonatal intensive care unit and two paediatric cardiothoracic centres.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We had follow-up data on 87 infants. Cumulative mortality rates at 7 days, 30 days and at hospital discharge were 2%, 8% and 20% respectively. The incidence of chronic lung disease, intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis and retinopathy of prematurity were 77%, 39%, 26% and 28% respectively. There was no difference in mortality, incidence of chronic lung disease or duration of oxygen dependence between those who had and those who had not received a PSI prior to surgical ligation. In those who had received 2 or more courses of PSI prior to surgical ligation, there was a trend to increase in the duration of oxygen therapy and chronic lung disease, but no difference in mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows that patent ductus arteriosus ligation is a relatively safe procedure (30 day survival 92%) but there is substantial late mortality and a high incidence of morbidity in the survivors. 2 or more courses of PSI prior to surgical ligation trends to increased oxygen dependence and chronic lung disease. This high risk population requires careful follow-up. A definitive prospective cohort study is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,11]],"date-time":"2006-05-11T17:21:42Z","timestamp":1147368102000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Outcome following patent ductus arteriosus ligation in premature infants: a retrospective cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"LLeona CL","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Tillett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Tulloh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilf","family":"Kelsall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)36042-4","volume":"33","author":"WM Gersony","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gersony WM: Patent ductus arteriosus in the neonate. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1986, 33 (3): 545-560.","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-12940","volume":"18","author":"E Bancalari","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bancalari E: Changes in the pathogenesis and prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity. American Journal of Perinatology. 2001, 18 (1): 1-9. 10.1055\/s-2001-12940.","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"117_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.94.5.719","volume":"94","author":"J Garland","year":"1994","unstructured":"Garland J, Buck R, Weinberg M: Pulmonary hemorrhage risk in infants with a clinically diagnosed patent ductus arteriosus: a retrospective cohort study. Pediatrics. 1994, 94 (5): 719-723.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"117_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.10.006","volume":"31","author":"WT Jim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jim WT, Chiu NC, Chen MR, Hung HY, Kao HA, Hsu CH, Chang JH: Cerebral hemodynamic change and intraventriucular hemorrhgage in very low birth weight infants with patent ductus arteriosus. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. 2005, 31 (2): 197-202. 10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.10.006.","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"117_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.10_Spec_No.1067","volume":"65","author":"RC Coombs","year":"1990","unstructured":"Coombs RC, Morgan MEI, Durbin GM, Booth IW, McNeish AS: Gut blood flow velocities in the newborn: effects of patent ductus arteriosus and parenteral indomethacin. Arch Dis Child. 1990, 65: 1067-1071.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"117_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.6.696","volume":"86","author":"CM Wheatley","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wheatley CM, Dickinson JL, Mackey DA, Craig JE, Sale MM: Retinopathy of prematurity: recent advances in our understanding. Br J Opthalmol. 2002, 86: 696-700. 10.1136\/bjo.86.6.696.","journal-title":"Br J Opthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"117_CR7","first-page":"1007","volume":"164","author":"CA Perez","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perez CA, Bustorff-Silva JM, Villasenor E, Fonkalsrud EW, Atkinson JB: Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants: is it safe?. Am Surg. 1998, 164 (10): 1007-9.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80349-4","volume":"22","author":"PS Malone","year":"1987","unstructured":"Malone PS, Roberts KD, Abrams LD, Jones S, Beasley J: Day-case ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants. J Ped Surg. 1987, 22 (3): 284-5.","journal-title":"J Ped Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(86)80639-X","volume":"21","author":"C Hubbard","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hubbard C, Rucker RW, Realyvasquez F, Sperling DR, Hicks DA, Worcester CC, Amlie R, Huxtable RF, Bartlett RH, Gazzaniga AB: Ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in newborn respiratory failure. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 1986, 21 (1): 3-5.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Surgery"},{"key":"117_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.4.477","volume":"66","author":"CRM Satur","year":"1991","unstructured":"Satur CRM, Walker DR, Dickinson DF: Day case ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants: a 10 year review. Arch Dis Child. 1991, 66: 477-480.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2000.0036","volume":"6","author":"DB Knight","year":"2001","unstructured":"Knight DB: The treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. A review and overview of randomized trials. Semin Neonatol. 2001, 6 (1): 63-73. 10.1053\/siny.2000.0036.","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"key":"117_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malyiya M, Ohlsson A, Shah S: Surgical versus medical treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003, CD003951-3","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003951"},{"issue":"26","key":"117_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106283442602","volume":"344","author":"B Schmidt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schmidt B, Davis P, Moddeman D, Ohlsson A, Roberts RS, Saigal S, Solimano A, Vincer M, Wright LL, for the Trial of Indomethacin Prophylaxis in Preterms Investigators: Long-term effects of indomethacin prophylaxis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants. N Engl J Med. 2001, 344 (26): 1966-1972. 10.1056\/NEJM200106283442602.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"117_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.69.5_Spec_No.529","volume":"69","author":"N Archer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Archer N: Patent ductus arteriosus in the newborn. Arch Dis Child. 1993, 69: 529-532.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"117_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.3.364","volume":"71","author":"RC Ellison","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ellison RC, Peckham GJ, Lang P, Talner NS, Lerer TJ, Lin L, Dooley KJ, Nadas AS: Evaluation of the preterm infant for patent ductus arteriosus. Pediatrics. 1983, 71: 364-72.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"117_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1981.tb05775.x","volume":"70","author":"RB Cotton","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cotton RB, Lindstrom DP, Stahlman MT: Early prediction of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus from perinatal risk factors: a discriminant analysis model. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981, 70: 723-7.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"issue":"12","key":"117_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80730-3","volume":"22","author":"SB Palder","year":"1987","unstructured":"Palder SB, Schwartz MZ, Tyson KRT, Marr CC: Management of patent ductus arteriosus: a comparison of operative v pharmacologic treatment. J Pediatr Surg. 1987, 22 (12): 1171-4.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"117_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198906083202302","volume":"320","author":"G Cassady","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cassady G, Crouse DT, Kirklin JW, Strange MJ, Joiner CH, Godoy G, Odrezin GT, Cutter GR, Kirklin JK, Pacifico AD, Collins MV, Lell WA, Satterwhite C, Philips JB: A randomised controlled trial of very early prophylactic ligation of the ductus arteriosus in babies who weighed 1000 g or less at birth. N Eng J Med. 1989, 320: 1511-6.","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"117_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38027.613403.F6","volume":"328","author":"JL Gibbs","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gibbs JL, Monro JL, Cunningham D, Rickards A: Survival after surgery or therapeutic catheterisation for congenital heart disease in children in the United Kingdom: analysis of the central cardiac audit database for 2000\u20132001. BMJ. 2004, 328: 611-615. 10.1136\/bmj.38027.613403.F6.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F33","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.1.F33","volume":"85","author":"BN Manktelow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Manktelow BN, Draper ES, Annamalai S, Field D: Factors affecting the incidence of chronic lung disease of prematurity in 1992 and 1997. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1987, 85 (1): F33-5. 10.1136\/fn.85.1.F33.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"117_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson AH, Peacock JL, Greenough A, Marlow N, Limb ES, Marston L, Calvert SA, United Kingdom Oscillation Study Group: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation for the prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity. N Engl J Med. 347 (9): 633-42. 10.1056\/NEJMoa020432. 2002 Aug 29","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020432"},{"issue":"2","key":"117_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F114","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.2.F114","volume":"85","author":"M Loh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Loh M, Osborn DA, Lui K: Outcome of very premature infants with necrotising enterocolitis cared for in centres with or without on site surgical facilities. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001, 85 (2): F114-8. 10.1136\/fn.85.2.F114.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"117_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70452-X","volume":"134","author":"SF Rayyis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rayyis SF, Ambalavanan N, Wright L, Carlo WA: Randomised trial of \"slow\" versus \"fast\" feed advancements on the incidence of necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 1999, 134 (3): 293-7. 10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70452-X.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"117_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.115280","volume":"185","author":"K Chan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chan K, Ohlsson A, Synnes A, Lee DS, Chien LY, Lee SK, Canadian Neonatal Network: Survival, morbidity and resource use of infants of 25 weeks gestational age or less. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001, 185 (1): 220-6. 10.1067\/mob.2001.115280.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["BMC Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]],"date-time":"2023-05-07T07:45:52Z","timestamp":1683445552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,11]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2431-6-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 July 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2006","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2006","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"15"}}