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Childhood AS\/HFA is considered to be often associated with disturbed sleep, in particular with difficulties initiating and\/or maintaining sleep (insomnia). However, studies about the topic are still scarce. The present study investigated childhood AS\/HFA regarding a wide range of parent reported sleep-wake behaviour, with a particular focus on insomnia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-two 8\u201312 yr old children with AS\/HFA were compared with 32 age and gender matched typically developing children regarding sleep and associated behavioural characteristics. Several aspects of sleep-wake behaviour including insomnia were surveyed using a structured paediatric sleep questionnaire in which parents reported their children's sleep patterns for the previous six months. Recent sleep patterns were monitored by use of a one-week sleep diary and actigraphy. Behavioural characteristics were surveyed by use of information gleaned from parent and teacher-ratings in the High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, and in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parent-reported difficulties initiating sleep and daytime sleepiness were more common in children with AS\/HFA than in controls, and 10\/32 children with AS\/HFA (31.2%) but none of the controls fulfilled our definition of paediatric insomnia. The parent-reported insomnia corresponded to the findings obtained by actigraphy. Children with insomnia had also more parent-reported autistic and emotional symptoms, and more teacher-reported emotional and hyperactivity symptoms than those children without insomnia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parental reports indicate that in childhood AS\/HFA insomnia is a common and distressing symptom which is frequently associated with coexistent behaviour problems. Identification and treatment of sleep problems need to be a routine part of the treatment plan for children with AS\/HFA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244x-6-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,28]],"date-time":"2006-04-28T19:52:09Z","timestamp":1146253929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Insomnia in school-age children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Hiie","family":"Allik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan-Olov","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Smedje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361302006003002","volume":"6","author":"JF Scott","year":"2002","unstructured":"Scott JF, Baron-Cohen S, Bolton P, Brayne C: Brief report. 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