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The present study attempted to assess the association between adolescents' smoking status and their emotional\/behavioural problems after controlling for a number of possible confounders (i.e. age, gender, parental smoking status, exposure to family smoking, family socioeconomic status, adolescents' leisure time) in a Greek nation-wide school-based sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants completed a questionnaire which retrieved information about age, gender, family socioeconomic status, smoking status, parental smoking, adolescents' leisure time and emotional\/behavioural problems. Data were modelled using multiple logistic regression analysis with adolescents' smoking status as the dependent variable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1194 (i.e. 63% response rate) of self-reported questionnaires (40.1% boys, 59.9% girls; 12-18 years old) were returned. Data from 1030 participants with full data were analyzed. Cigarette smoking was strongly associated with higher levels of emotional\/behavioural problems (p &lt; 0.001) and the association was not moderated (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08-1.18) after controlling for the effects of other covariates. Emotional symptoms, conduct problems and hyperactivity\/inattention were all significantly associated with adolescents' current smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study supports the association between smoking and emotional\/behavioural problems among adolescents. Addressing adolescents' needs regarding their emotional\/behavioural health could be helpful in the development of effective anti-smoking strategies in school environment and elsewhere.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-57","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,3]],"date-time":"2010-02-03T19:16:07Z","timestamp":1265224567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Emotional, behavioural problems and cigarette smoking in adolescence: findings of a Greek cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Giannakopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chara","family":"Tzavara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Dimitrakaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Kolaitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Rotsika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannis","family":"Tountas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0707519","volume":"358","author":"JP Mackenbach","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mackenbach JP, Stirbu I, Roskam AJ, Schaap MM, Menvielle G, Leinsalu M, Kunst AE: Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries. 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