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We examined structural factors associated with number of sex partners using quasi-Poisson regression and consistent condom use using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>At baseline, 415 (78.4%) were sexually active, of whom 253 (61.0%) reported multiple sex partners and 288 (69.4%) reported inconsistent condom use in the past six months. In multivariate analysis, self-reported barriers to health services were inversely associated with consistent condom use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.25 \u2013 1.07). Structural factors that were associated with greater numbers of sex partners included homelessness (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.11 \u2013 2.14) and having an area restriction that affects access to services (aIRR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.28 \u2013 4.18). Being searched or detained by the police was significant for males (aIRR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.02 \u2013 1.81).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Although limited by its cross-sectional design, our study found several structural factors amenable to policy-level interventions independently associated with sexual risk behaviours. These findings imply that the criminalization and displacement of street-involved youth may increase the likelihood that youth will engage in sexual risk behaviours and exacerbate the negative impact of resultant health outcomes. Moreover, our findings indicate that environmental-structural interventions may help to reduce the burden of these diseases among street youth in urban settings.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,9]],"date-time":"2009-01-09T19:14:51Z","timestamp":1231528491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Structural factors associated with an increased risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infection transmission among street-involved youth"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Brandon DL","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean A","family":"Shoveller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio SG","family":"Montaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1410_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-3959(02)00007-5","volume":"13","author":"T Rhodes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rhodes T: The 'risk environment': a framework for understanding and reducing drug-related harm. 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