{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T21:43:39Z","timestamp":1757540619687},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]],"date-time":"2009-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1239062400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cholera remains a serious public health problem in low-income countries despite efforts in the past to promote oral rehydration therapy as major treatment. In 2007, the majority of worldwide cases (94%) and deaths (99%) were reported from Africa. To improve cholera control efforts in addition to maintaining and improving existing water supply, sanitation and hygiene behaviour measures, the World Health Organization has recently started to consider the use of vaccines as an additional public health tool. To assess this new approach in endemic settings, a project was launched in Zanzibar to vaccinate 50,000 individuals living in communities at high risk of cholera with an oral two-dose vaccine (Dukoral<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Immunisation programmes in low-income countries have suffered a reduced coverage or were even brought to a halt because of an ignorance of local realities. To ensure the success of vaccination campaigns, implementers have to consider community-held perceptions and behaviours regarding the infectious disease and the vaccine of interest.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>The main aim of this study is to provide advice to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Zanzibar regarding routine introduction of an oral cholera vaccine from a socioeconomic and behavioural perspective as part of a long-term development for a sustained cholera prevention strategy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods and design<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Qualitative and quantitative methods of health social science research will be applied on four stakeholder levels before and after the mass vaccination campaign. Rapid assessment individual interviews and focus groups will be used to describe cholera- and vaccine-related views of policy makers, health care professionals and community representatives. The cultural epidemiological approach will be employed on the individual household resident level in a repeated cross-sectional design to estimate determinants of anticipated and actual oral cholera vaccine acceptance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study presented here is designed to inform about people's perceptions regarding cholera and about socioeconomic and behavioural factors determining anticipated and actual oral cholera vaccine acceptance in Zanzibar. Its pre- and post-intervention design using a mixed-methods approach on different stakeholder levels in communities at high risk of cholera outbreaks will ensure the collection of locally valid data relevant for public health action and planning.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]],"date-time":"2009-04-07T18:14:21Z","timestamp":1239128061000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Oral cholera vaccine use in Zanzibar: socioeconomic and behavioural features affecting demand and acceptance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Schaetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Hutubessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Said M","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al","family":"Pach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitchell G","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire-Lise","family":"Chaignat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M","family":"Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1502_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15328-7","volume":"363","author":"DA Sack","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK: Cholera. Lancet. 2004, 363: 223-233. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15328-7.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1502_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2004.00601.x","volume":"6","author":"AI Gil","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gil AI, Louis VR, Rivera IN, Lipp E, Huq A, Lanata CF, Taylor DN, Russek-Cohen E, Choopun N, Sack RB, Colwell RR: Occurrence and distribution of Vibrio cholerae in the coastal environment of Peru. Environ Microbiol. 2004, 6: 699-706. 10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2004.00601.x.","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"1502_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4645","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.8.4645-4654.2005","volume":"71","author":"A Huq","year":"2005","unstructured":"Huq A, Sack RB, Nizam A, Longini IM, Nair GB, Ali A, Morris JG, Khan MN, Siddique AK, Yunus M, Albert MJ, Sack DA, Colwell RR: Critical factors influencing the occurrence of Vibrio cholerae in the environment of Bangladesh. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005, 71: 4645-4654. 10.1128\/AEM.71.8.4645-4654.2005.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"1502_CR4","volume-title":"First steps for managing an outbreak of acute diarrhoea. Geneva","author":"World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control","year":"2003","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control: First steps for managing an outbreak of acute diarrhoea. Geneva. 2003"},{"key":"1502_CR5","first-page":"244","volume":"25","author":"CL Chaignat","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chaignat CL, Monti V: Use of oral cholera vaccine in complex emergencies: what next? Summary report of an expert meeting and recommendations of WHO. J Health Popul Nutr. 2007, 25: 244-261.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043323","volume":"352","author":"ME Lucas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lucas ME, Deen JL, von Seidlein L, Wang XY, Ampuero J, Puri M, Ali M, Ansaruzzaman M, Amos J, Macuamule A, Cavailler P, Guerin PJ, Mahoudeau C, Kahozi-Sangwa P, Chaignat CL, Barreto A, Songane FF, Clemens JD: Effectiveness of mass oral cholera vaccination in Beira, Mozambique. N Engl J Med. 2005, 352: 757-767. 10.1056\/NEJMoa043323.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1502_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90755-2","volume":"344","author":"JL Sanchez","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sanchez JL, Vasquez B, Begue RE, Meza R, Castellares G, Cabezas C, Watts DM, Svennerholm AM, Sadoff JC, Taylor DN: Protective efficacy of oral whole-cell\/recombinant-B-subunit cholera vaccine in Peruvian military recruits. Lancet. 1994, 344: 1273-1276. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90755-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1502_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00122-H","volume":"14","author":"FP van Loon","year":"1996","unstructured":"van Loon FP, Clemens JD, Chakraborty J, Rao MR, Kay BA, Sack DA, Yunus M, Ali M, Svennerholm AM, Holmgren J: Field trial of inactivated oral cholera vaccines in Bangladesh: results from 5 years of follow-up. Vaccine. 1996, 14: 162-166. 10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00122-H.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1502_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e336","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040336","volume":"4","author":"IM Longini Jr","year":"2007","unstructured":"Longini IM, Nizam A, Ali M, Yunus M, Shenvi N, Clemens JD: Controlling endemic cholera with oral vaccines. PLoS Med. 2007, 4: e336-10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040336.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1502_CR10","first-page":"269","volume":"83","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Cholera, 2007. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2008, 83: 269-284.","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"1502_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.705","volume":"77","author":"NH Gaffga","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gaffga NH, Tauxe RV, Mintz ED: Cholera: a new homeland in Africa?. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007, 77: 705-713.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"1502_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70138-X","volume":"7","author":"JN Zuckerman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zuckerman JN, Rombo L, Fisch A: The true burden and risk of cholera: implications for prevention and control. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007, 7: 521-530. 10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70138-X.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"1502_CR13","volume-title":"Cholera country profile: Zanzibar (Tanzania). Geneva","author":"World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control","year":"2006","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Global Task Force on Cholera Control: Cholera country profile: Zanzibar (Tanzania). Geneva. 2006"},{"key":"1502_CR14","first-page":"371","volume-title":"Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries","author":"GT Keusch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Keusch GT, Fontaine O, Bhargava A, Boschi-Pinto C, Bhutta ZA, Gotuzzo E, Rivera J, Chow J, Shahid-Salles SA, Laxminarayan R: Diarrheal Diseases. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. Edited by: Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, Claeson M, Evans DB, Jha P, Mills A, Musgrove P. 2006, New York: Oxford University Press, 371-388. 2","edition":"2"},{"key":"1502_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp068144","volume":"355","author":"DA Sack","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sack DA, Sack RB, Chaignat CL: Getting serious about cholera. N Engl J Med. 2006, 355: 649-651. 10.1056\/NEJMp068144.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1502_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-8080(95)90155-8","volume":"3","author":"J Milstien","year":"1995","unstructured":"Milstien J, Griffin PD, Lee JW: Damage to immunisation programmes from misinformation on contraceptive vaccines. Reprod Health Matters. 1995, 3: 24-28. 10.1016\/0968-8080(95)90155-8.","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"1502_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040073","volume":"4","author":"AS Jegede","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jegede AS: What led to the Nigerian boycott of the polio vaccination campaign?. PLoS Med. 2007, 4: e73-10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040073.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"1502_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.04.025","volume":"63","author":"E Renne","year":"2006","unstructured":"Renne E: Perspectives on polio and immunization in Northern Nigeria. Soc Sci Med. 2006, 63: 1857-1869. 10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.04.025.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00035-6","volume":"41","author":"P Greenough","year":"1995","unstructured":"Greenough P: Intimidation, coercion and resistance in the final stages of the South Asian Smallpox Eradication Campaign, 1973\u20131975. Soc Sci Med. 1995, 41: 633-645. 10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00035-6.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(96)00083-4","volume":"43","author":"MK Nations","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nations MK, Monte CM: \"I'm not dog, no!\": cries of resistance against cholera control campaigns. Soc Sci Med. 1996, 43: 1007-1024. 10.1016\/0277-9536(96)00083-4.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00685-0","volume":"21","author":"PH Streefland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Streefland PH: Introduction of a HIV vaccine in developing countries: social and cultural dimensions. Vaccine. 2003, 21: 1304-1309. 10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00685-0.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1502_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00239-7","volume":"49","author":"P Streefland","year":"1999","unstructured":"Streefland P, Chowdhury AM, Ramos-Jimenez P: Patterns of vaccination acceptance. Soc Sci Med. 1999, 49: 1705-1716. 10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00239-7.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8510(00)00132-9","volume":"55","author":"PH Streefland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Streefland PH: Public doubts about vaccination safety and resistance against vaccination. Health Policy. 2001, 55: 159-172. 10.1016\/S0168-8510(00)00132-9.","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"1502_CR24","first-page":"322","volume":"22","author":"D DeRoeck","year":"2004","unstructured":"DeRoeck D: The importance of engaging policy-makers at the outset to guide research on and introduction of vaccines: the use of policy-maker surveys. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004, 22: 322-330.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00034-5","volume":"41","author":"M Nichter","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nichter M: Vaccinations in the Third World: a consideration of community demand. Soc Sci Med. 1995, 41: 617-632. 10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00034-5.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR26","first-page":"286","volume":"22","author":"BF Stanton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stanton BF: Assessment of relevant cultural considerations is essential for the success of a vaccine. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004, 22: 286-292.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR27","first-page":"159","volume":"22","author":"LS Blum","year":"2004","unstructured":"Blum LS, Nahar N: Cultural and social context of dysentery: implications for the introduction of a new vaccine. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004, 22: 159-169.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.08.060","volume":"24","author":"X Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen X, Stanton B, Wang X, Nyamette A, Pach A, Kaljee L, Pack R, von Seidlein L, Clemens J, Gong Y, Mao R: Differences in perception of dysentery and enteric fever and willingness to receive vaccines among rural residents in China. Vaccine. 2006, 24: 561-571.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1502_CR29","first-page":"150","volume":"22","author":"LM Kaljee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaljee LM, Genberg BL, von Seidlein L, Canh DG, Thoa le TK, Thiem VD, Tho lH, Minh TT, Trach DD: Acceptability and accessibility of a Shigellosis vaccine in Nha Trang city of Viet Nam. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004, 22: 150-158.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01751.x","volume":"12","author":"LM Kaljee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kaljee LM, Pham V, Son ND, Hoa NT, Thiem VD, Canh dG, Thoa le TK, Ali M, Ochiai RL, Danovaro-Holliday MC, Acosta CJ, Stanton B, Clemens J: Trial participation and vaccine desirability for Vi polysaccharide typhoid fever vaccine in Hue City, Viet Nam. Trop Med Int Health. 2007, 12: 25-36.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"1502_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.094","volume":"24","author":"R Pack","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pack R, Wang Y, Singh A, von Seidlein L, Pach A, Kaljee L, Butraporn P, Youlong G, Blum L, Bhutta Z, Santoso SS, Trach DD, Waluyo I, Nyamete A, Clemens J, Stanton B: Willingness to be vaccinated against shigella and other forms of dysentery: a comparison of three regions in Asia. Vaccine. 2006, 24: 485-494. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.094.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1502_CR32","first-page":"293","volume":"22","author":"LM Kaljee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaljee LM, Pack R, Pach A, Nyamete A, Stanton BF: Sociobehavioural research methods for the introduction of vaccines in the Diseases of the Most Impoverished Programme. J Health Popul Nutr. 2004, 22: 293-303.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"1502_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00339-2","volume":"54","author":"C Vlassoff","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vlassoff C, Garcia MC: Placing gender at the centre of health programming: challenges and limitations. Soc Sci Med. 2002, 54: 1713-1723. 10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00339-2.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR34","volume-title":"The gender agenda in the control of tropical diseases: A review of current evidence","author":"P Allotey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Allotey P, Gyapong M: The gender agenda in the control of tropical diseases: A review of current evidence. 2005, Geneva: WHO"},{"key":"1502_CR35","unstructured":"Tanzania 2002 Population and Housing Census. [http:\/\/www.tanzania.go.tz\/census\/index.html]"},{"key":"1502_CR36","volume-title":"2004\/05 Household budget survey. Zanzibar","author":"Office of Chief Government Statistician of Zanzibar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Office of Chief Government Statistician of Zanzibar: 2004\/05 Household budget survey. Zanzibar. 2006"},{"key":"1502_CR37","volume-title":"Health information bulletin 2007. Zanzibar","author":"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Zanzibar, Health Management Information System Unit","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Zanzibar, Health Management Information System Unit: Health information bulletin 2007. Zanzibar. 2008"},{"key":"1502_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-3959(99)00066-3","volume":"11","author":"T Rhodes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rhodes T, Fitch C, Stimson GV, Kumar MS: Rapid assessment in the drugs field. Int J Drug Policy. 2000, 11: 1-11. 10.1016\/S0955-3959(99)00066-3.","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"1502_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.17730\/humo.60.4.3xu3p85amf13avtp","volume":"60","author":"A Utarini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Utarini A, Winkvist A, Pelto GH: Appraising studies in health using rapid assessment procedures (RAP): eleven critical criteria. Hum Organ. 2001, 60: 390-400.","journal-title":"Hum Organ"},{"key":"1502_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/13648470120070980","volume":"8","author":"MG Weiss","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weiss MG: Cultural epidemiology: an introduction and overview. Anthropol Med. 2001, 8: 5-29. 10.1080\/13648470120070980.","journal-title":"Anthropol Med"},{"key":"1502_CR41","first-page":"837","volume":"12","author":"MG Weiss","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weiss MG, Somma D, Karim F, Abouihia A, Auer C, Kemp J, Jawahar MS: Cultural epidemiology of TB with reference to gender in Bangladesh, India and Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008, 12: 837-847.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"1502_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90159-1","volume":"27","author":"MG Weiss","year":"1988","unstructured":"Weiss MG: Cultural models of diarrheal illness: conceptual framework and review. Soc Sci Med. 1988, 27: 5-16. 10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90159-1.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1502_CR43","first-page":"204","volume":"9","author":"C Choprapawon","year":"1991","unstructured":"Choprapawon C, Chunsutiwat S, Kachondham Y, Weiss MG: Cultural study of diarrhoeal illnesses in central Thailand and its practical implications. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 1991, 9: 204-212.","journal-title":"J Diarrhoeal Dis Res"},{"key":"1502_CR44","volume-title":"Nonparametrics: statistical methods based on ranks","author":"EL Lehmann","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lehmann EL: Nonparametrics: statistical methods based on ranks. 1975, San Francisco: Holden-Day"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T01:27:13Z","timestamp":1630459633000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1502"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-9-99","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 March 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2009","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2009","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"99"}}