{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T12:39:49Z","timestamp":1791808789112,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]],"date-time":"2014-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416355200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,20]],"date-time":"2014-11-20T04:51:45Z","timestamp":1416459105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The impact of concomitant pulmonary infection on immune dysregulation in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chung-Wei","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Chi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Chen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Chuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"613_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra032588","volume":"350","author":"CF Thomas Jr","year":"2004","unstructured":"Thomas CF, Limper AH: Pneumocystis pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2004, 350: 2487-2498. 10.1056\/NEJMra032588.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"613_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1086\/339548","volume":"34","author":"KA Sepkowitz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sepkowitz KA: Opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 2002, 34: 1098-1177. 10.1086\/339548.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"613_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.49.2871","volume":"49","author":"S Tasaka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tasaka S, Tokuda H, Sakai F, Fujii T, Tateda K, Johkoh T, Ohmagari N, Ohta H, Araoka H, Kikuchi Y, Yasui M, Inuzuka K, Goto H: Comparisons of clinical radiological features of pneumocystis pneumonia between malignancy cases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases: A multicenter study. Intern Med. 2010, 49: 273-281. 10.2169\/internalmedicine.49.2871.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"613_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.5.1204","volume":"140","author":"AH Limper","year":"1989","unstructured":"Limper AH, Offord KP, Smith TF, Martin WJ: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Differences in lung parasite number and inflammation in patients with and without AIDS. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989, 140: 1204-1209. 10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.5.1204.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"613_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_2.S416","volume":"17","author":"KA Sepkowitz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sepkowitz KA: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1993, 17 (Suppl 2): 416-422.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"613_CR6","first-page":"1058","volume":"151","author":"TL Benfield","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benfield TL, Vestbo J, Junge J, Nielsen TL, Jensen AB, Lundgren JD: Prognostic value of interleukin-8 in AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995, 151: 1058-1062.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"613_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011223232131","volume":"323","author":"The National Institutes of Health-University of California Expert Panel for Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia","year":"1990","unstructured":"The National Institutes of Health-University of California Expert Panel for Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Pneumocystis Pneumonia: Consensus statement on the use of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for pneumocystis pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1990, 323: 1500-1504.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"613_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6688","volume":"104","author":"TW Wright","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wright TW, Gigliotti F, Finkelstein JN, McBride JT, An CL, Harmsen AG: Immune-mediated inflammation directly impairs pulmonary function, contributing to the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J Clin Invest. 1999, 104: 1307-1317. 10.1172\/JCI6688.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"613_CR9","first-page":"425","volume":"54","author":"S Tasaka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tasaka S, Kobayashi S, Kamata H, Kimizuka Y, Fujiwara H, Funatsu Y, Mizoguchi K, Ishii M, Takeuchi T, Hasegawa N: Cytokine profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with pneumocystis pneumonia. Microbiol Immunol. 2010, 54: 425-433.","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"613_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2013.772689","volume":"51","author":"CW Chou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chou CW, Lin FC, Tsai HC, Chang SC: The importance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Med Mycol. 2013, 51: 704-712. 10.3109\/13693786.2013.772689.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"613_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.28.6.1425-1427.1990","volume":"28","author":"RP Baughman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Baughman RP, Strohofer S, Colangelo G, Frame PT: Semiquantitative technique for estimating Pneumocystis carinii burden in the lung. J Clin Microbiol. 1990, 28: 1425-1427.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"613_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.1.93","volume":"165","author":"SA Bozzette","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bozzette SA, Arcia J, Bartok AE, McGlynn LM, McCutchan JA, Richman DD, Spector SA: Impact of Pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus on the course and outcome of atypical pneumonia in advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease. J Infect Dis. 1992, 165: 93-98. 10.1093\/infdis\/165.1.93.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"613_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.3.735","volume":"107","author":"CE Hayner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hayner CE, Baughman RP, Linnemann CC, Dohn MN: The relationship between cytomegalovirus retrieved by bronchoalveolar lavage and mortality in patients with HIV. Chest. 1995, 107: 735-740. 10.1378\/chest.107.3.735.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"613_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.1.6","volume":"144","author":"MA Jacobson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jacobson MA, Mills J, Rush J, Peiperl L, Seru V, Mohanty PK, Hopewell PC, Hadley WK, Broaddus VC, Leoung G, Feigal DW: Morbidity and mortality of patients with AIDS and first-episode pneumocystis carinii pneumonia unaffected by concomitant pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991, 144: 6-9. 10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.1.6.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"613_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.5.1072","volume":"97","author":"PR Miles","year":"1990","unstructured":"Miles PR, Baughman RP, Linnemann CC: Cytomegalovirus in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with AIDS. Chest. 1990, 97: 1072-1076. 10.1378\/chest.97.5.1072.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"613_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.3.844","volume":"119","author":"TL Benfield","year":"2001","unstructured":"Benfield TL, Helweg-Larsen J, Bang D, Junge J, Lundgren JD: Prognostic markers of short-term mortality in AIDS-associated pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Chest. 2001, 119: 844-851. 10.1378\/chest.119.3.844.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"613_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.2.411","volume":"108","author":"AM Jensen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jensen AM, Lundgren JD, Benfield T, Nielsen TL, Vestbo J: Does cytomegalovirus predict a poor prognosis in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with corticosteroids? A note for caution. Chest. 1995, 108: 411-414. 10.1378\/chest.108.2.411.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"613_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.652665","volume":"44","author":"T Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim T, Moon SM, Sung H, Kim MN, Kim SH, Choi SH, Jeong JY, Woo JH, Kim YS, Lee SO: Outcomes of non-HIV-infected patients with pneumocystis pneumonia and concomitant pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection. Scand J Infect Dis. 2012, 44: 670-677. 10.3109\/00365548.2011.652665.","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"613_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06764","volume":"452","author":"JD Milner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Milner JD, Brenchley JM, Laurence A, Freeman AF, Hill BJ, Elias KM, Kanno Y, Spalding C, Elloumi HZ, Paulson ML, Davis J, Hsu A, Asher AI, O'Shea J, Holland SM, Paul WE, Douek DC: Impaired T(h)17 cell differentiation in subjects with autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome. Nature. 2008, 452: 773-776. 10.1038\/nature06764.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"613_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080218","volume":"205","author":"CS Ma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ma CS, Chew GY, Simpson N, Priyadarshi A, Wong M, Grimbacher B, Fulcher DA, Tangye SG, Cook MC: Deficiency of Th17 cells in hyper IgE syndrome due to mutations in STAT3. J Exp Med. 2008, 205: 1551-1557. 10.1084\/jem.20080218.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"613_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1086\/422329","volume":"190","author":"W Huang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang W, Na L, Fidel PL, Schwarzenberger P: Requirement of interleukin-17A for systemic anti\u2013Candida albicans host defense in mice. J Infect Dis. 2004, 190: 624-631. 10.1086\/422329.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"613_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737409","volume":"37","author":"T Zelante","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zelante T, De Luca A, Bonifazi P, Montagnoli C, Bozza S, Moretti S, Belladonna ML, Vacca C, Conte C, Mosci P, Bistoni F, Puccetti P, Kastelein RA, Kopf M, Romani L: IL-23 and the Th17 pathway promote inflammation and impair antifungal immune resistance. Eur J Immunol. 2007, 37: 2695-2706. 10.1002\/eji.200737409.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"613_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01329-06","volume":"75","author":"XL Rudner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rudner XL, Happel KI, Young EA, Shellito JE: Interleukin-23 (IL-23)\u2013IL-17 cytokine axis in murine Pneumocystis carinii infection. Infect Immun. 2007, 75: 3055-3061. 10.1128\/IAI.01329-06.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"613_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2009.08.013","volume":"127","author":"T Hu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hu T, Takamoto M, Hida S, Tagawa Y, Sugane K: IFN-gamma deficiency worsen Pneumocystis pneumonia with Th17 development in nude mice. Immunol Lett. 2009, 127: 55-59. 10.1016\/j.imlet.2009.08.013.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"613_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2010.484027","volume":"48","author":"X Iriart","year":"2010","unstructured":"Iriart X, Witkowski B, Courtais C, Abbes S, Tkaczuk J, Courtade M, Cassaing S, Fillaux J, Blancher A, Magnaval JF, Pipy B, Berry A: Cellular and cytokine changes in the alveolar environment among immunocompromised patients during Pneumocystis Jirovecii infection. Med Mycol. 2010, 48: 1075-1087. 10.3109\/13693786.2010.484027.","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"613_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399405010203","volume":"7","author":"F Gigliotti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gigliotti F, Wright TW: Immunopathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Expert Rev Mol Med. 2005, 7: 1-16.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"613_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir276","volume":"53","author":"HY Sun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sun HY, Singh N: Opportunistic infection-associated immune reconstruction syndrome in transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2011, 53: 168-176. 10.1093\/cid\/cir276.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T06:35:33Z","timestamp":1630564533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2466-14-182","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 August 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 November 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"182"}}