{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:56:57Z","timestamp":1791014217202,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207872000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The surfactant proteins B (SP-B) and C (SP-C) are important for the stability and function of the alveolar surfactant film. Their involvement and down-regulation in inflammatory processes has recently been proposed, but their level during neutrophilic human airway diseases are not yet known.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We used 1D-electrophoresis and Western blotting to determine the concentrations and molecular forms of SP-B and SP-C in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of children with different inflammatory airway diseases. 21 children with cystic fibrosis, 15 with chronic bronchitis and 14 with pneumonia were included and compared to 14 healthy control children.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>SP-B was detected in BAL of all 64 patients, whereas SP-C was found in BAL of all but 3 children; those three BAL fluids had more than 80% neutrophils, and in two patients, who were re-lavaged later, SP-C was then present and the neutrophil count was lower. SP-B was mainly present as a dimer, SP-C as a monomer. For both qualitative and quantitative measures of SP-C and SP-B, no significant differences were observed between the four evaluated patient groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Concentration or molecular form of SP-B and SP-C is not altered in BAL of children with different acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. We conclude that there is no down-regulation of SP-B and SP-C at the protein level in inflammatory processes of neutrophilic airway disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T18:14:33Z","timestamp":1207937673000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C and their precursors in bronchoalveolar lavages from children with acute and chronic inflammatory airway disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"Tafel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Latzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Woischnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Griese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"97_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.04.009","volume":"8","author":"S Mulugeta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mulugeta S, Beers MF: Surfactant protein C: its unique properties and emerging immunomodulatory role in the lung. Microbes Infect. 2006, 8: 2317-2323. 10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.04.009.","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"97_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.13614779","volume":"13","author":"M Griese","year":"1999","unstructured":"Griese M: Pulmonary surfactant in health and human lung diseases: state of the art. Eur Respir J. 1999, 13: 1455-1476. 10.1183\/09031936.99.13614779.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"97_CR3","first-page":"6","volume":"81","author":"J Perez-Gil","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perez-Gil J: Molecular interactions in pulmonary surfactant films. BiolNeonate. 2002, 81 (Suppl 1): 6-15.","journal-title":"BiolNeonate"},{"key":"97_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra022387","volume":"347","author":"JA Whitsett","year":"2002","unstructured":"Whitsett JA, Weaver TE: Hydrophobic surfactant proteins in lung function and disease. N Engl J Med. 2002, 347: 2141-2148. 10.1056\/NEJMra022387.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"97_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.63.1.555","volume":"63","author":"TE Weaver","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weaver TE, Conkright JJ: Functions of Surfactant Proteins B and C. Annu Rev Physiol. 2001, 63: 555-578. 10.1146\/annurev.physiol.63.1.555.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"97_CR6","first-page":"285","volume":"85","author":"S Hawgood","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hawgood S: Surfactant protein B: structure and function. BiolNeonate. 2004, 85 (4): 285-289.","journal-title":"BiolNeonate"},{"key":"97_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199912000-00014","volume":"46","author":"K Tokieda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tokieda K, Ikegami M, Wert SE, Baatz JE, Zou Y, Whitsett JA: Surfactant protein B corrects oxygen-induced pulmonary dysfunction in heterozygous surfactant protein B-deficient mice. Pediatr Res. 1999, 46: 708-714. 10.1203\/00006450-199912000-00012.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"97_CR8","first-page":"L186","volume":"276","author":"PR Miles","year":"1999","unstructured":"Miles PR, Bowman L, Rao KM, Baatz JE, Huffman L: Pulmonary surfactant inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide production by alveolar macrophages. Am J Physiol. 1999, 276: L186-196.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"97_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.1.416","volume":"176","author":"MA Ryan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ryan MA, Akinbi HT, Serrano AG, Perez-Gil J, Wu H, McCormack FX, Weaver TE: Antimicrobial activity of native and synthetic surfactant protein B peptides. J Immunol. 2006, 176: 416-425.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"97_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-80","volume":"6","author":"M Griese","year":"2005","unstructured":"Griese M, Schumacher S, Tredano M, Steinecker M, Braun A, Guttentag S, Beers MF, Bahuau M: Expression profiles of hydrophobic surfactant proteins in children with diffuse chronic lung disease. Respiratory Reasearch. 2005, 6: 80-10.1186\/1465-9921-6-80.","journal-title":"Respiratory Reasearch"},{"key":"97_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.1.8542113","volume":"153","author":"A G\u00fcnther","year":"1996","unstructured":"G\u00fcnther A, Siebert C, Schmidt R, Ziegler S, Grimminger F, Yabut M, Temmesfeld B, Walmrath D, Morr H, Seeger W: Surfactant alterations in severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and cardiogenic lung edema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996, 153: 176-184.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199606000-00029","volume":"24","author":"AM LeVine","year":"1996","unstructured":"LeVine AM, Lotze A, Stanley S, Stroud C, O'Donnell R, Whitsett JA, Pollack MM: Surfactant content in children with inflammatory lung disease. Crit Care Med. 1996, 24: 1062-1067. 10.1097\/00003246-199606000-00029.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10091983","volume":"10","author":"M Griese","year":"1997","unstructured":"Griese M, Birrer P, Demirsoy A: Pulmonary surfactant in cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J. 1997, 10: 1983-1988. 10.1183\/09031936.97.10091983.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"97_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-575OC","volume":"170","author":"M Griese","year":"2004","unstructured":"Griese M, Essl R, Schmidt R, Rietschel E, Ratjen F, Ballmann M, Paul K: Pulmonary Surfactant, Lung Function and Endobronchial Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004, 170: 1000-1005. 10.1164\/rccm.200405-575OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.1.9609090","volume":"156","author":"J Hull","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hull J, South M, Phelan P, Grimwood K: Surfactant composition in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997, 156: 161-165.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000234036.19145.52","volume":"34","author":"R Schmidt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmidt R, Markart P, Ruppert C, Temmesfeld B, Nass R, Lohmeyer J, Seeger W, Gunther A: Pulmonary surfactant in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2006, 34: 2370-2376. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000234036.19145.52.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.6.9901117","volume":"160","author":"KE Greene","year":"1999","unstructured":"Greene KE, Wright JR, Steinberg KP, Ruzinski JT, Caldwell E, Wong WB, Hull W, Whitsett JA, Akino T, Kuroki J, Nagae H, Hudson LD, Martin TR: Serial changes in surfactant-associated proteins in lung and serum before and after onset of ARDS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999, 160: 1843-1850.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.4.9709065","volume":"159","author":"MH Kerr","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kerr MH, Paton JY: Surfactant protein levels in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 1999, 159: 1115-1118.","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(02)00248-2","volume":"1583","author":"A Ten Brinke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ten Brinke A, Lambert MG, van Golde LG, Batenburg JJ: Palmitoylation and processing of the lipopeptide surfactant protein C. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002, 1583: 253-265.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"97_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10965","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00109a022","volume":"30","author":"MA Oosterlaken-Dijksterhuis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Oosterlaken-Dijksterhuis MA, Haagsman HP, van Golde LM, Demel RA: Characterization of lipid insertion into monomolecular layers mediated by lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C. Biochemistry. 1991, 30: 10965-10971. 10.1021\/bi00109a022.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"97_CR21","first-page":"L572","volume":"271","author":"R Qanbar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Qanbar R, Cheng S, Possmayer F, Schurch S: Role of the palmitoylation of surfactant-associated protein C in surfactant film formation and stability. Am J Physiol. 1996, 271: L572-L580.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"97_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23484","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111925200","volume":"277","author":"LA Augusto","year":"2002","unstructured":"Augusto LA, Li J, Synguelakis M, Johansson J, Chaby R: Structural basis for interactions between lung surfactant protein C and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J Biol Chem. 2002, 277: 23484-23492. 10.1074\/jbc.M111925200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"97_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.1.61-67.2003","volume":"71","author":"LA Augusto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Augusto LA, Synguelakis M, Johansson J, Pedron T, Girard R, Chaby R: Interaction of pulmonary surfactant protein C with CD 14 and lipopolysaccharide. Infect Immun. 2003, 71: 61-67. 10.1128\/IAI.71.1.61-67.2003.","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"97_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00205702","volume":"20","author":"M Griese","year":"2002","unstructured":"Griese M, Neumann M, von Bredow T, Schmidt R, Ratjen F: Surfactant in children with malignancies, immunosuppression, fever and pulmonary infiltrates. Eur Respir J. 2002, 20: 1284-1291. 10.1183\/09031936.02.00205702.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"97_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200307-959OC","volume":"169","author":"K Paul","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paul K, Rietschel E, Ballmann M, Griese M, Worlitzsch D, Shute J, Chen C, Schink T, Doring G, van Koningsbruggen S, Wahn U, Ratjen F: Effect of treatment with dornase alpha on airway inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004, 169: 719-725. 10.1164\/rccm.200307-959OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"97_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","volume":"72","author":"MM Bradford","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976, 72: 248-254. 10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"97_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3260799","volume":"326","author":"M Gustafsson","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gustafsson M, Curstedt T, J\u00f6rnvall H, Johansson J: Reverse-phase HPLC of the hydrophobic pulmonary surfactant proteins: detection of a surfactant protein C isoform containing N\u03b5-palmitoyl-lysine. Biochem J. 1976, 326: 799-806.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"97_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(98)00065-9","volume":"1408","author":"J Johansson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Johansson J: Structure and properties of surfactant protein C. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998, 1408: 161-172.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"}],"container-title":["BMC Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T08:29:49Z","timestamp":1630484989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["97"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2466-8-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 October 2007","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2008","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2008","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"6"}}