{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T22:30:43Z","timestamp":1770503443789,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]],"date-time":"2009-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1258416000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a representative systemic autoimmune disease characterized by activated T cells and polyclonally activated B cells that produce autoantibodies. Activation of autoreactive T and B cells plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of this disease. A role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the pathogenesis has been suggested. Proline-rich tyrosine kinase2 (PYK2) is structurally related to FAK, however, the functional activation of PYK2 in SLE remains unclear. In the present study, we showed that PYK2 is significantly increased and activated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with SLE. In addition, we showed the involvement of PYK2 proteins in the up-regulation of CD40L and CTLA4 expression and PBMC proliferation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Freshly isolated PBMCs from 48 SLE patients, 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and 24 healthy individuals were analyzed for the expression and activation of PYK2 by western-blotting and immunocytochemistry. The other isolated PBMCs from patients with this condition were cultured and stimulated with PMA or TyrA9, and then the expression of costimulatory molecules CD40L and CTLA4 was evaluated using flow cytometry, PBMCs proliferation was determined with [<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]-thymidine incorporation (CPM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with RA patients and healthy donors, PBMCs from SLE patients expressed more of both the total PYK2 protein and its activated\/phosphorylated form. The increase of activated PYK2 protein in SLE PBMCs was correlated with the complication of nephritis and inversly associated the level of serum complements. In active SLE patients, activation of PYK2 in PBMCs is accompanying the increased cell proliferation and the induced expression of costimulatory molecules CD40L and CTLA4.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate that phosphorylated PYK2 in SLE PBMCs may induce the expression of CD40L and CTLA4, and subsequently the cell proliferation. PYK2 signaling enhances the autoreactive lymphocyte activation and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]],"date-time":"2009-11-17T19:14:12Z","timestamp":1258485252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Functional activation of proline-rich tyrosine kinase2 (PYK2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Meiying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongsheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanchao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"719_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406303302608","volume":"330","author":"JA Mills","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mills JA: Systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 1994, 330: 1871-1879. 10.1056\/NEJM199406303302608.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"719_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81108-3","volume":"85","author":"BL Kotzin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kotzin BL: Systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell. 1996, 85: 303-306. 10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81108-3.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"719_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390104","volume":"39","author":"AK Dayal","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dayal AK, Kammer GM: The T cell enigma in lupus [review]. Arthritis Rheum. 1996, 39: 23-33. 10.1002\/art.1780390104.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22854","volume":"115","author":"YT Juang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Juang YT, Wang Y, Solomou EE: Systemic lupus erythematosus serum IgG increases CREM binding to the IL-2 promoter and suppresses IL-2 production through CaMKIV. J Clin Invest. 2005, 115: 996-1005.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"719_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.233","volume":"14","author":"DJ Lenschow","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lenschow DJ, Walunas TL, Bluestone JA: CD28\/B7 system of T cell costimulation. Annu Rev Immunol. 1996, 14: 233-258. 10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.233.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5880","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.9.5880","volume":"173","author":"KM Pollard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pollard KM, Arnush M, Hultman P: Costimulation requirements of induced murine systemic autoimmune disease. J Immunol. 2004, 173: 5880-5887.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6627","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6627","volume":"165","author":"Y Yi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yi Y, McNerney M, Datta SK: Regulatory defects in Cbl and mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-related kinase) pathways cause persistent hyperexpression of CD40 ligand in human lupus T cells. J Immunol. 2000, 165: 6627-6634.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118855","volume":"98","author":"M Koshy","year":"1996","unstructured":"Koshy M, Berger D, Crow MK: Increased expression of CD40 ligand on systemic lupus erythematosus lymphocytes. J Clin Invest. 1996, 98: 826-837. 10.1172\/JCI118855.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"719_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh663","volume":"44","author":"CK Wong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wong CK, Lit LC, Tam LS: Aberrant production of soluble costimulatory molecules CTLA-4, CD28, CD80 and CD86 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005, 44: 989-994. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh663.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"719_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01621","volume":"423","author":"H Ueda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ueda H, Howson JM, Esposito L: Association of the T-cell regulatory gene CTLA4 with susceptibility to autoimmune disease. Nature. 2003, 423: 506-511. 10.1038\/nature01621.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"719_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.3.1470","volume":"154","author":"C Mohan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mohan C, Shi Y, Laman JD: Interaction between CD40 and its ligand gp39 in the development of murine lupus nephritis. J Immunol. 1995, 154: 1470-1480.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7520604","volume":"265","author":"BK Finck","year":"1994","unstructured":"Finck BK, Linsley PS, Wofsy D: Treatment of murine lupus with CTLA4Ig. Science. 1994, 265: 1225-1227. 10.1126\/science.7520604.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"719_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9244","volume":"106","author":"M Mihara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mihara M, Tan I, Chuzhin Y: CTLA4Ig inhibits T cell-dependent B-cell maturation in murine systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest. 2000, 106: 91-101. 10.1172\/JCI9244.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"719_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400508","volume":"40","author":"DA Horwitz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horwitz DA, Tang FL, Stimmler MM: Decreased T cell response to anti-CD2 in systemic lupus erythematosus and reversal by anti-CD28: evidence for impaired T cell-accessory cell interaction. Arthritis Rheum. 1997, 40: 822-833. 10.1002\/art.1780400508.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-849.x","volume":"106","author":"H Kaneko","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaneko H, Saito K, Hashimoto H: Preferential elimination of CD28-T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the relation with activation-induced apoptosis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1996, 106: 218-229. 10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-849.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22581","volume":"56","author":"S Nakayamada","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nakayamada S, Saito K, Nakano K: Activation signal transduction by beta1 integrin in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2007, 56: 1559-1568. 10.1002\/art.22581.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10941","volume":"48","author":"S Nakayamada","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nakayamada S, Saito K, Fujii K: \u03b21 integrin-mediated signaling induces inter- cellular adhesion molecule 1 and Fas on rheumatoid synovial cells and Fas-mediated apoptosis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 1239-1248. 10.1002\/art.10941.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R112","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2318","volume":"9","author":"S Shahrara","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shahrara S, Castro-Rueda HP, Haines GK: Differential expression of the FAK family kinases in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis synovial tissues. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007, 9: R112-10.1186\/ar2318.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"719_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1139\/o99-019","volume":"77","author":"M Regoli","year":"1999","unstructured":"Regoli M, Bendayan M: Expression of beta1 integrins in glomerular tissue of Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochem Cell Biol. 1999, 77: 71-78. 10.1139\/bcb-77-1-71.","journal-title":"Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"719_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2007.03.008","volume":"19","author":"C Grijelmo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grijelmo C, Rodrigue C, Svrcek M: Pro-invasive activity of BMP-7 through SMAD4\/src-independent and ERK\/Rac\/JNK-dependent signaling path-ways in colon cancer cells. Cell Signal. 2007, 19: 1722-1732. 10.1016\/j.cellsig.2007.03.008.","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"719_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21461","volume":"103","author":"Y Xiang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xiang Y, Tan YR, Zhang JS: Wound repair and proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells regulated by CTNNAL1. J Cell Biochem. 2008, 103: 920-930. 10.1002\/jcb.21461.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"719_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21206","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.36.21206","volume":"270","author":"H Sasaki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sasaki H, Nagura K, Ishino M: Cloning and characterization of cell adhesion kinase\u03b2, a novel protein-tyrosine kinase of the focal adhesion kinase subfamily. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1995, 270: 21206-21219. 10.1074\/jbc.270.36.21206.","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"719_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/376737a0","volume":"376","author":"S Lev","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lev S, Moreno H, Martinez R: Protein tyrosine kinase PYK2 involved in Ca(2+)-induced regulation of ion channel and MAP kinase functions. Nature. 1995, 376: 737-745. 10.1038\/376737a0.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"719_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270147","volume":"27","author":"EA Ma","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ma EA, Lou O, Berg NN: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes express a beta3 integrin which can induce the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and the related PYK-2. Eur J Immunol. 1997, 27: 329-335. 10.1002\/eji.1830270147.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102896200","volume":"276","author":"JL Rodriguez-Fernandez","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Fernandez JL, Sanchez-Martin L, Rey M: Rho and Rho-associated kinase modulate the tyrosine kinase PYK2 in T-cells through regulation of the activity of the integrin LFA-1. J Biol Chem. 2001, 276: 40-10.1074\/jbc.M102896200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"719_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.23.14301","volume":"273","author":"I Dikic","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dikic I, Schlessinger J: Identification of a new Pyk2 isoform implicated in chemokine and antigen receptor signaling. J Biol Chem. 1998, 273: 14-10.1074\/jbc.273.23.14301.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"719_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.10.1793","volume":"186","author":"CB Davis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Davis CB, Dikic I, Unutmaz D: Signal transduction due to HIV-1 envelope interactions with chemokine receptors CXCR4 or CCR5. J Exp Med. 1997, 186: 1793-1798. 10.1084\/jem.186.10.1793.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"719_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M000689200","volume":"275","author":"RK Ganju","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ganju RK, Brubaker SA, Chernock RD: Beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 signals through SHP1, SHP2, and Syk. J Biol Chem. 2000, 275: 17-10.1074\/jbc.M000689200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"719_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.4.1753","volume":"159","author":"NN Berg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Berg NN, Ostergaard HL: T cell receptor engagement induces tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and Pyk2 and their association with Lck. J Immunol. 1997, 159: 1753-1757.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.6.1055","volume":"185","author":"RK Ganju","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ganju RK, Hatch WC, Avraham H: RAFTK, a novel member of the focal adhesion kinase family, is phosphorylated and associates with signaling molecules upon activation of mature T lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1997, 185: 1055-1063. 10.1084\/jem.185.6.1055.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"719_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.7.1253","volume":"185","author":"D Qian","year":"1997","unstructured":"Qian D, Lev S, van Oers NS: Tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 is selectively regulated by Fyn during TCR signaling. J Exp Med. 1997, 185: 1253-1259. 10.1084\/jem.185.7.1253.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"719_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/76882","volume":"1","author":"R Guinamard","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guinamard R, Okigaki M, Schlessinger J: Absence of marginal zone B cells in Pyk-2-deficient mice defines their role in the humoral response. Nat Immunol. 2000, 1: 31-36. 10.1038\/76882.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:31:3:267","volume":"31","author":"HL Ostergaard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ostergaard HL, Lysechko TL: Focal adhesion kinase-related protein tyrosine kinase Pyk2 in T-cell activation and function. Immunol Res. 2005, 31: 267-282. 10.1385\/IR:31:3:267.","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"719_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.1.292","volume":"169","author":"D Sancho","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sancho D, Montoya MC, Monjas A: TCR engagement induces proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 (Pyk2) translocation to the T cell-APC interface independently of Pyk2 activity and in an immunoreceptor tyrosine based activation motif-mediated fashion. J Immunol. 2002, 169: 292-300.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.5.2272","volume":"164","author":"A Gismondi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gismondi A, Jacobelli J, Mainiero F: Cutting edge: functional role for proline-rich tyrosine kinase2 in NK cell-mediated natural cytotoxicity. J Immunol. 2000, 164: 2272-2276.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"719_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780251101","volume":"25","author":"EM Tan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF: The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1982, 25: 1271-1277. 10.1002\/art.1780251101.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302","volume":"31","author":"FC Arnett","year":"1988","unstructured":"Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA: The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988, 31: 315-324. 10.1002\/art.1780310302.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350606","volume":"35","author":"C Bombardier","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bombardier C, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB: Derivation of the SLEDAI: a disease activity index for lupus patients. Arthritis Rheum. 1992, 35: 630-640. 10.1002\/art.1780350606.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"719_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000108969.21691.5D","volume":"15","author":"JJ Weening","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weening JJ, D'Agati VD, Schwartz MM: The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004, 15: 241-250. 10.1097\/01.ASN.0000108969.21691.5D.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"719_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.29912","volume":"39","author":"C Takagi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Takagi C, Ueki K, Ikeuchi H: Increased expression of cell adhesion kinase beta in human and rat crescentic glomerulonephritis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002, 39: 174-182. 10.1053\/ajkd.2002.29912.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"719_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000170479.01451.ab","volume":"17","author":"VC Kyttaris","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kyttaris VC, Juang YT, Tsokos GC: Immune cells and cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: an update. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005, 17: 518-522. 10.1097\/01.bor.0000170479.01451.ab.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"719_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.05.001","volume":"25","author":"A Perl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Perl A, Gergely P, Nagy G, Koncz A, Banki K: Mitochondrial hyperpolarization: a checkpoint of T cell life, death, and autoimmunity. Trends Immunol. 2004, 25: 360-367. 10.1016\/j.it.2004.05.001.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0462-0","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000},"record-id":"1267"},{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0462-0","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000}}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]],"date-time":"2024-03-17T18:12:46Z","timestamp":1710699166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["719"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-141","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 May 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2009","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2009","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"141"}}