{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:47:57Z","timestamp":1793213277081,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]],"date-time":"2009-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T02:57:06Z","timestamp":1241751426000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Cumulative occupational lumbar load and lumbar disc disease \u2013 results of a German multi-center case-control study (EPILIFT)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Seidler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annekatrin","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Ellegast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Ditchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gine","family":"Elsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Grifka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Haerting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Linhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alwin","family":"Luttmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Michaelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Petereit-Haack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Schumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Bolm-Audorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl","key":"626_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/ort.1954.25.suppl-17.01","volume":"17","author":"L Hult","year":"1954","unstructured":"Hult L: Cervical, dorsal, and lumbar spinal syndroms. Acta Orthop Scand. 1954, 17 (Suppl): 1-102.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"626_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.28.2.121","volume":"28","author":"JS Lawrence","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lawrence JS: Disc degeneration: its frequency and relationship to symptoms. Ann Rheum Dis. 1969, 28: 121-38. 10.1136\/ard.28.2.121.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"626_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1855","volume":"15","author":"H Riihim\u00e4ki","year":"1989","unstructured":"Riihim\u00e4ki H, Wickstr\u00f6m G, H\u00e4nninen K, Mattsson T, Waris P, Zitting A: Radiographically detectable degenerative lumbar changes as risk indicators of back pain. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1989, 15: 280-5.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"626_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2766","volume":"4","author":"G Wickstr\u00f6m","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wickstr\u00f6m G, Nummi J, Nurminen M: Restriction and pain during forward bending in concrete reinforcement workers. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1978, 4 (Suppl 1): 29-38.","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"626_CR5","first-page":"233","volume":"42","author":"G Wickstr\u00f6m","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wickstr\u00f6m G, Niskanne T, Riihim\u00e4ki H: Strain on the back in concrete reinforcement work. Br J Ind Med. 1985, 42: 233-9.","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"626_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01300565","volume":"42","author":"G Elsner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Elsner G, Nienhaus A, Beck W: Berufsbedingte degenerativeDiskopathien im Lendenwirbels\u00e4ulenbereich. Soz Pr\u00e4ventivmed. 1997, 42: 144-54. 10.1007\/BF01300565.","journal-title":"Soz Pr\u00e4ventivmed"},{"key":"626_CR7","first-page":"226","volume":"42","author":"H Riihim\u00e4ki","year":"1985","unstructured":"Riihim\u00e4ki H: Back pain and heavy physical work: a comparative study of concrete reinforcement workers and maintenance house painters. Br J Ind Med. 1985, 42: 226-32.","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"626_CR8","first-page":"42","volume":"23","author":"JS Lawrence","year":"1966","unstructured":"Lawrence JS, Molyneux MK, Dingwall-Fordyce I: Rheumatism in foundry workers. Br J Ind Med. 1966, 23: 42-52.","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"626_CR9","volume-title":"Ursachen des lumbalen Bandscheibenvorfalls","author":"W Braun","year":"1969","unstructured":"Braun W: Ursachen des lumbalen Bandscheibenvorfalls. 1969, Stuttgart: Hippokrates-Verlag"},{"key":"626_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90162-7","volume":"40","author":"M Heli\u00f6vaara","year":"1987","unstructured":"Heli\u00f6vaara M: Occupation and risk of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc or sciatica leading to hospitalization. J Chronic Dis. 1987, 40: 259-264. 10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90162-7.","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"626_CR11","first-page":"220","volume":"49","author":"F Hofmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hofmann F, Bolm-Audorff U, Michaelis M, N\u00fcbling M, St\u00f6\u00dfel U: Berufliche Wirbels\u00e4ulenerkrankungen bei Besch\u00e4ftigten im Pflegeberuf \u2013 epidemiologische und versicherungsrechtliche Aspekte (I), Teil 1: \u00dcbersicht \u00fcber international publizierte Studien. Versicherungsmedizin. 1997, 49: 220-224.","journal-title":"Versicherungsmedizin"},{"key":"626_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/44.1.47","volume":"44","author":"S J\u00f6rgensen","year":"1994","unstructured":"J\u00f6rgensen S, Hein O, Gyntelberg F: Heavy lifting at work and risk of genital prolapse and herniated lumbar disc in assistant nurse. Occup Med. 1994, 44: 46-49. 10.1093\/occmed\/44.1.47.","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"626_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100020110","volume":"2","author":"JL Kelsey","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kelsey JL, Githens PB, White AA, Holford TR, Walter SD, O'Connor T, Ostfeld AM, Weil U, Southwick WO, Calogero JA: An epidemiologic study of lifting and twisting on the job and risk for acute prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc. J Orthop Res. 1984, 2: 61-66. 10.1002\/jor.1100020110.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"626_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1080\/0002889738506892","volume":"34","author":"DB Chaffin","year":"1973","unstructured":"Chaffin DB, Park KS: A longitudinal study of low-back pain as associated with occupational weight lifting factors. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1973, 34: 523-25.","journal-title":"Am Ind Hyg Assoc J"},{"key":"626_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.11.735","volume":"58","author":"A Seidler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Seidler A, Bolm-Audorff U, Heiskel H, Henkel N, Roth-K\u00fcver B, Kaiser U, Bickeb\u00f6ller R, Willingstorfer WJ, Beck W, Elsner G: The role of cumulative physical work load in lumbar spine disease: risk factors for lumbar osteochondrosis and spondylosis associated with chronic complaints. Occup Environ Med. 2001, 58: 735-746. 10.1136\/oem.58.11.735.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"626_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.11.821","volume":"60","author":"A Seidler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seidler A, Bolm-Audorff U, Siol T, Henkel N, Fuchs C, Schug C, Leheta F, Marquard C, Schmitt E, Ulrich PT, Beck W, Missalla A, Elsner G: Occupational risk factors for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation; a case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 2003, 60: 821-830. 10.1136\/oem.60.11.821.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"626_CR17","first-page":"IV-7.8.3","volume-title":"Handbuch der Arbeitsmedizin, 10. Erg\u00e4nzungslieferung","author":"U Bolm-Audorff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bolm-Audorff U: Berufskrankheiten der Wirbels\u00e4ule durch Heben oder Tragen schwerer Lasten. Handbuch der Arbeitsmedizin, 10. Erg\u00e4nzungslieferung. Edited by: Konietzko J, Dupuis H. 1993, Landsberg: Ecomed-Verlag, IV-7.8.3-"},{"key":"626_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10039-005-1027-5","volume":"7","author":"U Bolm-Audorff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bolm-Audorff U, Brandenburg S, Br\u00fcning T, Dupuis H, Ellegast R, Elsner G, Franz K, Grasshoff H, Grosser V, Hanisch L, Hartmann B, Hartung E, Hering KG, Heuchert G, J\u00e4ger M, Kr\u00e4mer J, Kranig A, Ludolph E, Luttmann A, Nienhaus A, Pieper W, P\u00f6hl KD, Rem\u00e9 T, Riede D, Rompe G, Sch\u00e4fer K, Schilling S, Schmitt E, Schr\u00f6ter F, Seidler A, Spallek M, Weber M: Medizinische Beurteilungskriterien zu bandscheibenbedingten Berufskrankheiten der Lendenwirbels\u00e4ule (I) Konsensempfehlungen zur Zusammenhangsbegutachtung der auf Anregung des HVBG eingerichteten interdisziplin\u00e4ren Arbeitsgruppe. Trauma und Berufskrankheit. 2005, 7: 211-252. 10.1007\/s10039-005-1027-5.","journal-title":"Trauma und Berufskrankheit"},{"key":"626_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1026\/\/0932-4089.44.3.129","volume":"44","author":"P Richter","year":"2000","unstructured":"Richter P, Hemmann E, Merboth H, Fritz S, Hansgen C, Rudolf M: Das Erleben von Arbeitsintensit\u00e4t und T\u00e4tigkeitsspielraum \u2013 Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur orientierenden Analyse (FIT). Z Arbeits-Organisationspsychol. 2000, 44: 129-13. 10.1026\/\/0932-4089.44.3.129.","journal-title":"Z Arbeits-Organisationspsychol"},{"key":"626_CR20","volume-title":"Healthy work: stress, productivity and the reconstuction of working life","author":"R Karasek","year":"1990","unstructured":"Karasek R, Theorell T: Healthy work: stress, productivity and the reconstuction of working life. 1990, New York: Basic Books"},{"key":"626_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X","volume":"18","author":"I Kuorinka","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kuorinka I, Jonsson B, Kilbom A, Vinterberg H, Biering-S\u00f8rensen F, Andersson G, J\u00f8rgensen K: Standardised Nordic questionnaires for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms. Appl Ergonom. 1987, 18: 233-7. 10.1016\/0003-6870(87)90010-X.","journal-title":"Appl Ergonom"},{"key":"626_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349128","volume":"57","author":"R Ellegast","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ellegast R, Ditchen D, Bergmann A, Bolm-Audorff U, Elsner G, Grifka J, Haerting J, Hofmann F, J\u00e4ger M, Linhardt O, Luttmann A, Michaelis M, Petereit-Haack G, Seidler A: Erhebungen zur beruflichen Wirbels\u00e4ulenexposition durch die Technischen Aufsichtsdienste der Unfallversicherungstr\u00e4ger im Rahmen der Deutschen Wirbels\u00e4ulenstudie. Zbl Arbeitsmed. 2007, 57: 251-263.","journal-title":"Zbl Arbeitsmed"},{"key":"626_CR23","volume-title":"SAE Digital human modeling for design and engineeering","author":"M J\u00e4ger","year":"2001","unstructured":"J\u00e4ger M, Luttmann A, G\u00f6llner R, Laurig W: The Dortmunder \u2013 Biomechanical model for quantification and assessment of the load on the lumbar spine. SAE Digital human modeling for design and engineeering. Edited by: Soc Autom Eng. 2001, SAE, Arlington: VA"},{"key":"626_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349131","volume":"57","author":"A Seidler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Seidler A, Bergmann A, Ditchen A, Ellegast R, Elsner G, Grifka J, Haerting J, Hofmann F, J\u00e4ger M, Linhardt O, Luttmann A, Michaelis M, Petereit-Haack G, Bolm-Audorff U: Zusammenhang zwischen der kumulativen Wirbels\u00e4ulenbelastung durch Lastenhandhabungen und lumbalen Prolapserkrankungen \u2013 Ergebnisse der Deutschen Wirbels\u00e4ulenstudie. Zbl Arbeitsmed. 2007, 57: 290-303.","journal-title":"Zbl Arbeitsmed"},{"key":"626_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349132","volume":"57","author":"U Bolm-Audorff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bolm-Audorff U, Bergmann A, Ditchen D, Ellegast R, Elsner G, Grifka J, Haerting J, Hofmann F, J\u00e4ger M, Linhardt O, Luttmann A, Michaelis M, Petereit-Haack G, Seidler A: Zusammenhang zwischen manueller Lastenhandhabung und lumbaler Chondrose \u2013 Ergebnisse der Deutschen Wirbels\u00e4ulenstudie. Zbl Arbeitsmed. 2007, 57: 304-316.","journal-title":"Zbl Arbeitsmed"},{"key":"626_CR26","first-page":"442","volume":"53","author":"G Elsner","year":"2003","unstructured":"Elsner G, Seidler A: Zur Frage der evidenzbasierten Bewertung der Minderung der Erwerbsf\u00e4higkeit. Zbl Arbeitsmed. 2003, 53: 442-51.","journal-title":"Zbl Arbeitsmed"},{"key":"626_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X78B6.1287","volume":"78","author":"MA Adams","year":"1996","unstructured":"Adams MA, McNally DS, Dolan P: \"Stress\" distributions inside intervertebral discs. The effects of age and degeneration. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996, 78: 965-72. 10.1302\/0301-620X78B6.1287.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"626_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199705150-00006","volume":"22","author":"T Handa","year":"1997","unstructured":"Handa T, Ishihara H, Oshima H, Osada R, Tsuji H, Obata K: Effects of hydrostatic pressure on matrix synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase production in the human lumbar intervertebral disc. Spine. 1997, 22: 1085-91. 10.1097\/00007632-199705150-00006.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"626_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2524","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199812010-00007","volume":"23","author":"WC Hutton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hutton WC, Toribatake Y, Elmer WA, Ganey TM, Tomita K, Whitesides TE: The effect of compressive force applied to the intervertebral disc in vivo. A study of proteoglycans and collagen. Spine. 1998, 23: 2524-37. 10.1097\/00007632-199812010-00007.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"626_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199905150-00013","volume":"24","author":"JC Iatridis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Iatridis JC, Mente PL, Stokes IA, Aronsson DD, Alini M: Compression-induced changes in intervertebral disc properties in a rat tail model. Spine. 1999, 24: 996-1002. 10.1097\/00007632-199905150-00013.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"626_CR31","first-page":"101","volume":"34","author":"M J\u00e4ger","year":"1999","unstructured":"J\u00e4ger M, Luttmann A, Bolm-Audorff U, Sch\u00e4fer K, Hartung E, Kuhn S, Paul R, Francks HP: Mainz-Dortmunder Dosismodell (MDD) zur Beurteilung der Belastung der Lendenwirbels\u00e4ule durch Heben oder Tragen schwerer Lasten oder durch T\u00e4tigkeiten in extremer Rumpfbeugehaltung bei Verdacht auf Berufskrankheit Nr. 2108; Teil 1: Retrospektive Belastungsermittlung f\u00fcr risikobehaftete T\u00e4tigkeitsfelder. Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Umweltmed. 1999, 34: 101-111.","journal-title":"Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Umweltmed"}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,9]],"date-time":"2016-07-09T22:03:45Z","timestamp":1468101825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["626"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-48","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]]},"article-number":"48"}}