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We evaluated whether autonomic regulation differs between sciatica patients referred to spine surgery and age-matched healthy controls analyzed with heart rate variability techniques (HRV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HRV of patients (n\u2009=\u2009201) and healthy controls (n\u2009=\u2009138) were measured in standing conditions (5\u00a0min). High frequency (HF) power as an index of cardiac vagal modulation and the low-to-high-frequency (LF\/HF) ratio and short-term fractal scaling exponent \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>as indices of sympathovagal balance were analyzed. Pain intensity was assessed on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and perceived disability with Oswestry Disability Index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Oswestry and VAS scores were higher in the patients than in the controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001 for both). HF power was markedly lower for the patients compared to the controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The LF\/HF ratio and \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>were higher in the patients than in the controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01 for both). After adjusting for sex, smoking, BMI, and leisure-time physical activity, HF power (p\u2009=\u20090.011) and \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>(p\u2009=\u20090.012) still differed between the groups. Among the patients, HF power was slightly associated with the duration of chronic pain (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212.232, p\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sciatica patients referred to spine surgery had altered cardiac autonomic regulation expressed as decreased vagal activity and an increased sympathovagal balance toward sympathetic dominance when compared with age-matched healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,27]],"date-time":"2013-04-27T00:14:38Z","timestamp":1367021678000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Heart rate variability in sciatica patients referred to spine surgery: a case control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jarmo","family":"S\u00f6dervall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaro","family":"Karppinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Puolitaival","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Kyll\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti M","family":"Kiviniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko P","family":"Tulppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arto J","family":"Hautala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1741_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.06.009","volume":"10","author":"H Breivik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Breivik H, Collett B, Ventafridda V, Cohen R, Gallacher D: Survey of chronic pain in Europe: prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment. 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