{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:11:05Z","timestamp":1785831065798,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,6]],"date-time":"2013-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373068800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Many novel approaches to mandibular condyle fracture have been reported, but there is a relative lack of reports on the Risdon approach. In this study, the feasibility of the Risdon approach for condylar neck and subcondylar fractures of the mandible is demonstrated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A review of patients with mandibular condylar neck and subcondylar fractures was performed from March 2008 to June 2012. A total of 25 patients, 19 males and 6 females, had 14 condylar neck fractures and 11 subcondylar fractures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>All of the cases were reduced using the Risdon approach. For subcondylar fractures, reduction and fixation with plates was done under direct vision. For condylar neck fractures, reduction and fixation was done with the aid of a trochar in adults and a percutaneous threaded Kirschner wire in children. There were no malunions or nonunions revealed in follow-up care. Mild transient neuropraxia of the marginal mandibular nerve was seen in 4 patients, which was resolved within 1\u20132\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The Risdon approach is a technique for reducing the condylar neck and subcondylar fractures that is easy to perform and easy to learn. Its value in the reduction of mandibular condyle fractures should be emphasized.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,6]],"date-time":"2013-07-06T12:14:08Z","timestamp":1373112848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The application of the Risdon approach for mandibular condyle fractures"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Seung Min","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Hyuk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"306_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2012.39.4.301","volume":"39","author":"K Choi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi K, Yang J, Chung H, Cho B: Current concepts in the mandibular condyle fracture management Part II: Open reduction versus closed reduction. Arch Plast Surg. 2012, 39: 301-308. 10.5999\/aps.2012.39.4.301.","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"key":"306_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0270","volume":"32","author":"M Manisali","year":"2003","unstructured":"Manisali M, Amin M, Aghabeigi B, Newman L: Retromandibular approach to the mandibular condyle: a clinical and cadaveric study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003, 32: 253-256. 10.1054\/ijom.2002.0270.","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2005.01.008","volume":"33","author":"A Vesnaver","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vesnaver A, Gorjanc M, Eberlinc A, Dovsak DA, Kansky AA: The periauricular transparotid approach for open reduction and internal fixation of condylar fractures. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2005, 33: 169-179. 10.1016\/j.jcms.2005.01.008.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2006.07.854","volume":"34","author":"N Zachariakes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zachariakes N, Mezitis M, Mourouzis C, Papadakis D, Spanou A: Fractures of the mandibular condyle: a review of 466 cases. Literature review, reflections on treatment and proposals. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2006, 34: 421-432. 10.1016\/j.jcms.2006.07.854.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2003.59","volume":"128","author":"VS Toma","year":"2003","unstructured":"Toma VS, Mathog RH, Toma RS, Meleca RJ: Transoral versus extraoral reduction of mandible fractures: a comparison of complication rates and other factors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003, 128: 215-219. 10.1067\/mhn.2003.59.","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"306_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31819ea15f","volume":"68","author":"T Kanno","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kanno T, Mitsugi M, Sukegawa S, Fujioka M, Furuki Y: Submandibular approach through the submandibular gland fascia for treating mandibular fractures without identifying the facial nerve. J Trauma. 2010, 68: 641-643. 10.1097\/TA.0b013e31819ea15f.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"306_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.01.009","volume":"40","author":"R Girotto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Girotto R, Mancini P, Balercia P: The retromandibular transparotid approach: Our clinical experience. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012, 40: 78-81. 10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.01.009.","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181539b8b","volume":"19","author":"D Bhavsar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bhavsar D, Barkdull G, Berger J, Tenenhaus M: A novel surgical approach to subcondylar fractures of mandible. J Craniofac Surg. 2008, 19: 496-499. 10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181539b8b.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0663-z","volume":"32","author":"JC Lutz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lutz JC, Clavert P, Wolfram-gabel R, Wilk A, Kahn JL: Is the high submandibular transmasseteric approach to the mandibular condyle safe for the inferior buccal branch?. Surg Radiol Anat. 2010, 32: 963-969. 10.1007\/s00276-010-0663-z.","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"306_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181e1333f","volume":"66","author":"RM Baek","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baek RM, Min KH, Heo CY, Eun SC: The perilobule approach to subcondylar fractures. Ann Plast Surg. 2011, 66: 253-256. 10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181e1333f.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"306_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181f4aef7","volume":"21","author":"HS \u00d6zkan","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u00d6zkan HS, Sahin B, Gorgu M, Melikoglu C: Results of transmasseteric anteroparotid approach for mandibular condylar fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2010, 21: 1882-1883. 10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181f4aef7.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"306_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2012.39.4.291","volume":"39","author":"K Choi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi K, Yang J, Chung H, Cho B: Current concepts in the mandibular condyle fracture management Part I: Overview of condylar fracture. Arch Plast Surg. 2012, 39: 291-300. 10.5999\/aps.2012.39.4.291.","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"key":"306_CR13","first-page":"221","volume":"36","author":"JH Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim JH, Nam DH, Kwon I, Ahn HS, Lee YM: The treatment for mandibular condyle fracture of children by a threaded Kirschner wire and external rubber traction. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009, 36: 221-224.","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"306_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1112228","volume":"25","author":"RM Kellman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kellman RM, Cienfuegos R: Endoscopic approaches to subcondylar fractures of the mandible. Facial Plast Surg. 2009, 25: 23-28. 10.1055\/s-0028-1112228.","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"306_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2011.02.009","volume":"49","author":"GJ Knepil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Knepil GJ, Kanatas AN, Loukota RJ: Classification of surgical approaches to the mandibular condyle. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011, 49: 664-665. 10.1016\/j.bjoms.2011.02.009.","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T00:39:50Z","timestamp":1630543190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,6]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2482-13-25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 August 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"25"}}