{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T07:36:14Z","timestamp":1780731374093,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,9]],"date-time":"2008-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212969600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postoperative deaths and neurological injury have resulted from hyponatraemia associated with the use of hypotonic saline solutions following surgery. We aimed to determine the rates and types of intravenous fluids being prescribed postoperatively for children in the UK.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A questionnaire was sent to members of the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons (BAPS) and Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APAGBI) based at UK paediatric centres. Respondents were asked to prescribe postoperative fluids for scenarios involving children of different ages. The study period was between May 2006 and November 2006.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most frequently used solution was sodium chloride 0.45% with glucose 5% although one quarter of respondents still used sodium chloride 0.18% with glucose 4%. Isotonic fluids were used by 41% of anaesthetists and 9.8% of surgeons for the older child, but fewer for infants. Standard maintenance rates or greater were prescribed by over 80% of respondents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most doctors said they would prescribe hypotonic fluids at volumes equal to or greater than traditional maintenance rates at the time of the survey. A survey to describe practice since publication of National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) recommendations is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,10]],"date-time":"2008-06-10T06:13:34Z","timestamp":1213078414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Intravenous postoperative fluid prescriptions for children: A survey of practice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Polly","family":"Davies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kokila","family":"Lakhoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"115_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.227","volume":"111","author":"ML Moritz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moritz ML, Ayus JC: Prevention of hospital acquired hyponatraemia: A case for using isotonic saline. Paediatrics. 2003, 111: 227-30. 10.1542\/peds.111.2.227.","journal-title":"Paediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7289.780","volume":"322","author":"M Halberthal","year":"2001","unstructured":"Halberthal M, Halperin M, Bohn D: Acute hyponatraemia in children admitted to hospital: retrospective analysis of factors contributing to its development and resolution. British Medical Journal. 2001, 322: 780-2. 10.1136\/bmj.322.7289.780.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"115_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6836.1218","volume":"304","author":"AI Arieff","year":"1992","unstructured":"Arieff AI, Ayus JC, Fraser CL: Hyponatraemia and death or permanent brain damage in healthy children. British Medical Journal. 1992, 304: 1218-22.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"115_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1279","volume":"113","author":"EJ Hoorn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hoorn EJ, Geary D, Robb M, Halperin ML, Bohn D: Acute hyponatraemia related to intravenous fluid administration in hospitalised children: An observational study. Paediatrics. 2004, 113: 1279-1284. 10.1542\/peds.113.5.1279.","journal-title":"Paediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.1998.00730.x","volume":"8","author":"AI Arieff","year":"1998","unstructured":"Arieff AI: Postoperative hyponatreamic encephalopathy following elective surgery in children. Paediatric Anaesthesia. 1998, 8: 1-4. 10.1046\/j.1460-9592.1998.00730.x.","journal-title":"Paediatric Anaesthesia"},{"key":"115_CR6","volume-title":"Possibility of water overload with severe hyponatraemia developing after the infusion of 4% dextrose\/0.18% saline","author":"The Royal College of Anaesthetists News Bulletin","year":"2003","unstructured":"The Royal College of Anaesthetists News Bulletin: Possibility of water overload with severe hyponatraemia developing after the infusion of 4% dextrose\/0.18% saline. 2003"},{"key":"115_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7219.1269","volume":"319","author":"D Bohn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bohn D: Children are another group at risk of hyponatraemia perioperatively. British Medical Journal. 1999, 319: 1269-","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"115_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.19.5.823","volume":"19","author":"MA Holliday","year":"1957","unstructured":"Holliday MA, Segar WE: The maintenance need for water in parenteral fluid therapy. Pediatrics. 1957, 19: 823-32.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.424","volume":"111","author":"MA Holliday","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holliday MA, Segar WE: Reducing errors in fluid therapy management. Pediatrics. 2003, 111: 424-425.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7239.943","volume":"320","author":"A Durwood","year":"2000","unstructured":"Durwood A, Tibby SM, Murdoch IA: Hyponatraemia can be caused by standard fluid regimens. British Medical Journal. 2000, 320: 943-10.1136\/bmj.320.7239.943.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"115_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1350","volume":"114","author":"M Hatherill","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hatherill M, Waggie Z, Salie S, Argent A: Hospital acquired hyponatraemia is associated with excessive administration of intravenous maintenance fluid. Pediatrics. 2004, 114: 1368-10.1542\/peds.2004-1350.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.045047","volume":"89","author":"M Hatherill","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hatherill M: Rubbing salt in the wound. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2004, 89: 414-418. 10.1136\/adc.2003.045047.","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"115_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-200006000-00007","volume":"12","author":"D Bohn","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bohn D: Problems associated with intravenous fluid administration in children: do we have the right solutions?. Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 2000, 12: 217-221. 10.1097\/00008480-200006000-00007.","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.045302","volume":"89","author":"D Taylor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Taylor D, Durwood A: Pouring salt on troubled waters. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2002, 89: 411-414. 10.1136\/adc.2003.045302.","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"115_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14577-1","volume":"362","author":"T Duke","year":"2003","unstructured":"Duke T, Molyneux EM: Intravenous fluids for seriously ill children: time to reconsider. Lancet. 2003, 362: 1320-23. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14577-1.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"115_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1666","volume":"114","author":"ML Moritz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moritz ML, Ayus C: Hospital acquired hyponatraemia is associated with excessive administration of intravenous maintenance fluid. Pediatrics. 2004, 114: 1368-9. 10.1542\/peds.2004-1666.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1395","volume":"113","author":"ML Moritz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moritz ML, Ayus JC: Hospital acquired hyponatraemia: Why are there still deaths?. Pediatrics. 2004, 113: 1395-1396. 10.1542\/peds.113.5.1395.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"115_CR18","unstructured":"National patient safety agency NHS: Reducing the risk of hyponatraemia when administering intravenous infusions to children. March 28, 2007"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T19:25:50Z","timestamp":1684437950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2482-8-10","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 January 2008","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2008","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2008","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"10"}}