{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T21:25:49Z","timestamp":1715030749282},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Urol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of estrogen alteration on the expression of caveolin 2 and 3 in rat smooth muscle of urinary bladder.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Female Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, bilateral ovariectomy (Ovx), and bilateral ovariectomy followed by subcutaneous injections of 17\u03b2-estradiol (Ovx?+?Est). After 4\u00a0weeks, urodynamic measurements were taken to ascertain the contraction interval and contraction pressure. The expression and cellular localization of caveolin 2 and 3 were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry in rat urinary bladder smooth muscle.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In cystometrograms, the contraction interval (min) was significantly lower in the Ovx group (3.1?\u00b1?1.5) than in the control group (5.6?\u00b1?1.2), but was increased after estrogen treatment (9.3?\u00b1?1.0). Conversely, the average contraction pressure (mmHg) was higher in the Ovx group (26.2?\u00b1?2.3) than in the control group (21.9?\u00b1?3.1), and was decreased after estrogen treatment (23.8?\u00b1?3.5). Caveolin 2 and 3 expression was localized in the cell membrane of the smooth muscle. The protein expression of both caveolin 2 and 3 was significantly lower after ovariectomy and was restored to the control levels after 17\u03b2-estradiol treatment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Hormonal alteration causes a significant change in the expression of caveolin 2 and 3 in smooth muscle of rat urinary bladder. These findings suggest that these molecules might have functional roles in the detrusor overactivity that occurs in association with hormonal alteration.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2490-13-44","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T09:23:31Z","timestamp":1379323411000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Altered expression of caveolin 2 and 3 in smooth muscle of rat urinary bladder by 17\u03b2-estradiol"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sun-Ouck","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Hee","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung Aa","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Sung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongdeuk","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwangsung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"274_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20258","volume":"25","author":"AD Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin AD, Levin R, Kogan B, et al: Estrogen induced functional hypertrophy and increased force generation of the female rabbit bladder. 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