{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T15:32:11Z","timestamp":1788881531982,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405382400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T23:01:10Z","timestamp":1405465270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Understanding cervical cancer: an exploration of lay perceptions, beliefs and knowledge about cervical cancer among the Acholi in northern Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Amos Deogratius","family":"Mwaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elialilia Sarikiaeli","family":"Okello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliet","family":"Kiguli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizeus","family":"Rutebemberwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"445_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25516","volume":"127","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM: Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010, 127 (12): 2893-2917.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107","volume":"61","author":"A Jemal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011, 61 (2): 69-90.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601034","volume":"89","author":"H Wabinga","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wabinga H, Ramanakumar AV, Banura C, Luwaga A, Nambooze S, Parkin DM: Survival of cervix cancer patients in Kampala, Uganda: 1995-1997. Br J Cancer. 2003, 89 (1): 65-69.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"445_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602540","volume":"92","author":"A Gondos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gondos A, Brenner H, Wabinga H, Parkin DM: Cancer survival in Kampala, Uganda. Br J Cancer. 2005, 92 (9): 1808-1812.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"445_CR5","first-page":"467","volume":"79","author":"HL Kidanto","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kidanto HL, Kilewo CD, Moshiro C: Cancer of the cervix: knowledge and attitudes of female patients admitted at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam. East Afr Med J. 2002, 79 (9): 467-475.","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v78i2.9088","volume":"78","author":"EO Were","year":"2001","unstructured":"Were EO, Buziba NG: Presentation and health care seeking behaviour of patients with cervical cancer seen at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya. East Afr Med J. 2001, 78 (2): 55-59.","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"445_CR7","first-page":"107","volume":"49","author":"N Ndlovu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ndlovu N, Kambarami R: Factors associated with tumour stage at presentation in invasive cervical cancer. Cent Afr J Med. 2003, 49 (9\u201310): 107-111.","journal-title":"Cent Afr J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"445_CR8","first-page":"589","volume":"9","author":"M Kaku","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kaku M, Mathew A, Rajan B: Impact of socio-economic factors in delayed reporting and late-stage presentation among patients with cervix cancer in a major cancer hospital in South India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2008, 9 (4): 589-594.","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"32","key":"445_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(08)32399-4","volume":"16","author":"SL van Schalkwyk","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Schalkwyk SL, Maree JE, Wright SC: Cervical cancer: the route from signs and symptoms to treatment in South Africa. Reprod Health Matters. 2008, 16 (32): 9-17.","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"key":"445_CR10","first-page":"517","volume-title":"Measurement Strategies in Health Psychology","author":"H Leventhal","year":"1985","unstructured":"Leventhal H, Nerenz D: The Assessment of Illness Cognition. Measurement Strategies in Health Psychology. Edited by: Karoly P. 1985, New York: Wiley, 517-554."},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027584006001007","volume":"6","author":"EA Leventhal","year":"1984","unstructured":"Leventhal EA: Aging and the perception of illness. Res Aging. 1984, 6 (1): 119-135.","journal-title":"Res Aging"},{"key":"445_CR12","first-page":"7","volume":"2","author":"H Leventhal","year":"1980","unstructured":"Leventhal H, Meyer D, Nerenz D: The common sense representation of illness danger. Contrib Med Psychol. 1980, 2: 7-30.","journal-title":"Contrib Med Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02090456","volume":"5","author":"AD Michael","year":"1996","unstructured":"Michael AD, Howard L: The common-sense model of illness representation: theoretical and practical considerations. J Social Distress Homeless. 1996, 5 (1): 11-38.","journal-title":"J Social Distress Homeless"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-88-2-251","volume":"88","author":"A Kleinman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kleinman A, Eisenberg L, Good B: Culture, illness, and care: clinical lessons from anthropologic and cross-cultural research. Ann Intern Med. 1978, 88 (2): 251-258.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"445_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1201\/b13281","volume-title":"Culture, Health and Illness","author":"CG Helman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Helman CG: Culture, Health and Illness. 2007, Livre UK, Easton Road, London: Hodder Arnold, an imprint of Hodder Education, part of Hachette, 128-143. 5","edition":"5"},{"key":"445_CR16","volume-title":"Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience","author":"A Kleinman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kleinman A: Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience. 1988, New York, NY: Free Press"},{"issue":"4","key":"445_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1891\/1541-6577.23.4.259","volume":"23","author":"D Saint Arnault","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saint Arnault D: Cultural determinants of help seeking: a model for research and practice. Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2009, 23 (4): 259-278.","journal-title":"Res Theory Nurs Pract"},{"key":"445_CR18","volume-title":"The Roots of Ethnicity. Origins of the Acholi of Uganda","author":"RR Atkinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Atkinson RR: The Emergence of the Earliest Acholi Chiefdoms. The Roots of Ethnicity. Origins of the Acholi of Uganda. 2010, Kampala: Fountain publishers, 2","edition":"2"},{"key":"445_CR19","volume-title":"Peoples and Cultures of Uganda","author":"R Nziza","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nziza R, Mbaga-Niwampa , Mukholi D: Peoples and Cultures of Uganda. 2011, Kampala-Uganda: Fountain Publishers Ltd, 4","edition":"4"},{"key":"445_CR20","volume-title":"District Population Profile 2011","author":"UBOS","year":"2011","unstructured":"UBOS: District Population Profile 2011. 2011, Available at: \n                    http:\/\/www.ubosorg\/onlinefiles\/\/ubos\/\/Dist_%20profile_18072011xls\n                    \n                  . Accessed on 9th March 2013"},{"key":"445_CR21","volume-title":"TP52010 mid-year projected population for town councils","author":"UBOS","year":"2010","unstructured":"UBOS: TP52010 mid-year projected population for town councils. 2010, Available at: \n                    http:\/\/www.ubosorg\/onlinefiles\/uploads\/ubos\/pdf%20documents\/TP52010pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed 9th March 2013"},{"key":"445_CR22","volume-title":"Uganda: current conditions and the crisis in North Uganda","author":"T Dagne","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dagne T: Uganda: current conditions and the crisis in North Uganda. 2011, Available at: \n                    http:\/\/www.fasorg\/sgp\/crs\/row\/RL33701pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed on 20th January 2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"445_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2004399","volume":"63","author":"F Rabiee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rabiee F: Focus-group interview and data analysis. Proc Nutr Soc. 2004, 63 (4): 655-660.","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/001789690106000102","volume":"60","author":"CA Richardson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Richardson CA, Rabiee F: A question of access: an exploration of the factors that influence the health of young males aged 15 to 19 living in Corby and their use of health care services. Health Educ J. 2001, 60 (1): 3-16.","journal-title":"Health Educ J"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/7.1.56","volume":"7","author":"M Khan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Khan M, Manderson L: Focus groups in tropical diseases research. Health Policy Plan. 1992, 7 (1): 56-66.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/13.1.92","volume":"13","author":"C Marshall","year":"1996","unstructured":"Marshall C: The key informant technique. Fam Pract. 1996, 13 (1): 92-97.","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"445_CR27","volume-title":"Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods","author":"QM Patton","year":"1990","unstructured":"Patton QM: Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. 1990, Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc"},{"key":"445_CR28","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"JW Creswell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Creswell JW: Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 2013, 6 Bonhill Street, London EC2A 4PU, United Kingdom: Sage Publications Ltd"},{"issue":"10","key":"445_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440903194015","volume":"25","author":"JJ Francis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Francis JJ, Johnston M, Robertson C, Glidewell L, Entwistle V, Eccles MP, Grimshaw JM: What is an adequate sample size? Operationalising data saturation for theory-based interview studies. Psychol Health. 2010, 25 (10): 1229-1245.","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903","volume":"18","author":"G Guest","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guest G, Bunce A, Johnson L: How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods. 2006, 18 (1): 59-82.","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770180211","volume":"18","author":"M Sandelowski","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sandelowski M: Sample size in qualitative research. Res Nurs Health. 1995, 18 (2): 179-183.","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR32","first-page":"63","volume":"22","author":"AK Shenton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shenton AK: Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Educ Inf. 2004, 22 (2): 63-75.","journal-title":"Educ Inf"},{"key":"445_CR33","volume-title":"Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"J Creswell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Creswell J: Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. 2003, Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage, 2","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"445_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip3903_2","volume":"39","author":"JW Creswell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Creswell JW, Miller DL: Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory Pract. 2000, 39 (3): 124-130.","journal-title":"Theory Pract"},{"key":"445_CR35","volume-title":"Interpreting Qualiataive data. A guide to the Principles of Qualitative Research","author":"D Silverman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Silverman D: Interpreting Qualiataive data. A guide to the Principles of Qualitative Research. 2011, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC: Sage Publications Ltd, 4","edition":"4"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x","volume":"62","author":"S Elo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elo S, Kyngas H: The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs. 2008, 62 (1): 107-115.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"445_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2003.10.001","volume":"24","author":"UH Graneheim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Graneheim UH, Lundman B: Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today. 2004, 24 (2): 105-112.","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"445_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.10.0211","volume":"15","author":"E Buregyeya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Buregyeya E, Kulane A, Colebunders R, Wajja A, Kiguli J, Mayanja H, Musoke P, Pariyo G, Mitchell EM: Tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes and health-seeking behaviour in rural Uganda. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011, 15 (7): 938-942.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"445_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02237.x","volume":"14","author":"E Rutebemberwa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rutebemberwa E, Kallander K, Tomson G, Peterson S, Pariyo G: Determinants of delay in care-seeking for febrile children in eastern Uganda. Trop Med Int Health. 2009, 14 (4): 472-479.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"445_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.02.003","volume":"101","author":"H Hildenwall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hildenwall H, Rutebemberwa E, Nsabagasani X, Pariyo G, Tomson G, Peterson S: Local illness concepts\u2013implications for management of childhood pneumonia in eastern Uganda. Acta Trop. 2007, 101 (3): 217-224.","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"445_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-11-83","volume":"11","author":"Z Birhanu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Birhanu Z, Abdissa A, Belachew T, Deribew A, Segni H, Tsu V, Mulholland K, Russell FM: Health seeking behavior for cervical cancer in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. International journal for Equity in health. 2012, 11: 83.","journal-title":"International journal for Equity in health"},{"key":"445_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a206","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a206","volume":"337","author":"D Kirby","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kirby D: Increasing communication between parents and their children about sex. BMJ (Clinical research ed). 2008, 337: a206.","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)"},{"issue":"16","key":"445_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200111090-00013","volume":"15","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ahmed S, Lutalo T, Wawer M, Serwadda D, Sewankambo NK, Nalugoda F, Makumbi F, Wabwire-Mangen F, Kiwanuka N, Kigozi G, Kiddugavu M, Gray R, Kiddugavu M, Gray R: HIV incidence and sexually transmitted disease prevalence associated with condom use: a population study in Rakai, Uganda. AIDS (London, England). 2001, 15 (16): 2171-2179.","journal-title":"AIDS (London, England)"},{"key":"445_CR44","volume-title":"Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and ICF International Inc. 2012. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011","author":"UBOS and ICF","year":"2011","unstructured":"UBOS and ICF: Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and ICF International Inc. 2012. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011. 2011, Kampala, Uganda: UBOS and Calverton, Maryland: ICF International Inc"},{"issue":"5","key":"445_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/IGC.0b013e3181daaefb","volume":"20","author":"K Phongsavan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Phongsavan K, Phengsavanh A, Wahlstrom R, Marions L: Women\u2019s perception of cervical cancer and its prevention in rural Laos. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2010, 20 (5): 821-826.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"445_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605386","volume":"101","author":"K Robb","year":"2009","unstructured":"Robb K, Stubbings S, Ramirez A, Macleod U, Austoker J, Waller J, Hiom S, Wardle J: Public awareness of cancer in Britain: a population-based survey of adults. Br J Cancer. 2009, 101 (Suppl 2): S18-S23.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"445_CR47","first-page":"19","volume":"4","author":"MR Kazaura","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kazaura MR, Kombe D, Yuma S, Mtiro H, Mlawa G: Health seeking behavior among cancer patients attending Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Tanzania. East Afr J Public Health. 2007, 4 (1): 19-22.","journal-title":"East Afr J Public Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T05:34:29Z","timestamp":1548221669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcwomenshealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6874-14-84","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6874"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6874","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 April 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"84"}}