{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T07:14:36Z","timestamp":1769930076220,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]],"date-time":"2013-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378339200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Altern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Labisia Pumila var. alata<\/jats:italic> (LPva) has shown potential as an alternative to estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in prevention of estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. In earlier studies using postmenopausal model, LPva was able to reverse the ovariectomy-induced changes in biochemical markers, bone calcium, bone histomorphometric parameters and biomechanical strength. The mechanism behind these protective effects is unclear but LPva may have regulated factors that regulate bone remodeling. The aim of this study is to determine the bone-protective mechanism of LPva by measuring the expressions of several factors involved in bone formative and resorptive activities namely Osteoprotegerin (OPG), Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-B Ligand (RANKL), Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (MCSF) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Thirty-two female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized control (OVXC), ovariectomized with <jats:italic>Labisia pumila var. alata<\/jats:italic> (LPva) and ovariectomized with ERT (Premarin\u00ae) (ERT). The LPva and ERT were administered via daily oral gavages at doses of 17.5\u00a0mg\/kg and 64.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg, respectively. Following two months of treatment, the rats were euthanized and the gene expressions of BMP-2, OPG, RANKL and MCSF in the femoral bones were measured using a branch - DNA technique.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The RANKL gene expression was increased while the OPG and BMP-2 gene expressions were reduced in the OVXC group compared to the SHAM group. There were no significant changes in the MCSF gene expressions among the groups. Treatment with either LPva or ERT was able to prevent these ovariectomy-induced changes in the gene expressions in ovariectomized rats with similar efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>LPva may protect bone against estrogen deficiency-induced changes by regulating the RANKL, OPG and BMP-2 gene expressions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]],"date-time":"2013-09-05T06:14:36Z","timestamp":1378361676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Labisia pumila regulates bone-related genes expressions in postmenopausal osteoporosis model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Siti Noor","family":"Fathilah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norazlina","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norliza","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isa Naina","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ima Nirwana","family":"Soelaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Nazrun","family":"Shuid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1472_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90218-E","volume":"94","author":"Consensus Development Conference","year":"1993","unstructured":"Consensus Development Conference: Diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis. Am J Med. 1993, 94: 646-650.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"1472_CR2","volume-title":"WHO Scientific Group on the Assessment of Osteoporosis at Primary Health Care Level","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Summary Meeting Report. WHO Scientific Group on the Assessment of Osteoporosis at Primary Health Care Level. 2007, Brussels, Belgium: WHO Press, Geneva, 5\u20137 May 2004"},{"key":"1472_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555106","volume":"39","author":"K Thomsen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Thomsen K, Godfredsen A, Christiansen C: Is Postmenopausal bone loss an age related phenomenon?. Calcif Tissue Int. 1986, 39: 123-127. 10.1007\/BF02555106.","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1472_CR4","first-page":"21","volume":"19","author":"NMN Ismail","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ismail NMN: Postmenopausal osteoporosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Malaysian J Pathol. 1997, 19 (1): 21-25.","journal-title":"Malaysian J Pathol"},{"key":"1472_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650040116","volume":"4","author":"International Osteoporosis Foundation","year":"2009","unstructured":"International Osteoporosis Foundation: Facts and statistics about osteoporosis and its impact. International osteoporosis foundation. J Bone Miner Res. 2009, 4: 113-118. 10.1002\/jbmr.5650040116.http:\/\/www.iofbonehealth.org\/facts-and-statistics.html,","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"1472_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590802296245","volume":"24","author":"F Al-Azzawi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Al-Azzawi F: Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis and associated fractures: clinical evaluation of the choice between estrogen and biphosphonates. Gynaecol Endrocrinol. 2008, 24: 601-609. 10.1080\/09513590802296245.","journal-title":"Gynaecol Endrocrinol"},{"key":"1472_CR7","volume-title":"Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: a practical approach","author":"VP Arcangelo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arcangelo VP, Peterson AM: Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: a practical approach. 2005, USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2","edition":"2"},{"key":"1472_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.3.321","volume":"288","author":"J Rossouw","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rossouw J, Anderson G, Prentice R: Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in postmenopausal women: principal results from the women\u2019s health initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002, 288: 321-333. 10.1001\/jama.288.3.321.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1472_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.24.3243","volume":"289","author":"RT Chlebowski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chlebowski RT, Hendrix SL, Langer RD, Stefanick ML, Gass M, Lane D, Rodabough RJ, Gilligan MA, Cyr MG, Thomson CA, Khandekar J, Petrovitch H, McTiernan A: Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women: the women\u2019s health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA. 2003, 289: 3243-3253. 10.1001\/jama.289.24.3243.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1472_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.20.2651","volume":"289","author":"SA Shumaker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shumaker SA: Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women, the women\u2019s health initiative memory studies: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003, 289: 2651-2662. 10.1001\/jama.289.20.2651.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1472_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.10.024","volume":"8","author":"L Devareddy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Devareddy L, Khalil DA, Smith BJ, Lucas EA, Soung DY, Marlow DD, Arjmandi BH: Soy moderately improves microstructural properties without affecting bone mass in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. Bone. 2006, 8: 686-693.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1472_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2007.09.004","volume":"19","author":"L Devareddy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Devareddy L, Hooshmand S, Collins JK, Lucas EA, Chai SC, Arjmandi BH: Blueberry prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Nutr Biochem. 2008, 19: 694-699. 10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2007.09.004.","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"1472_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.11.016","volume":"127","author":"CC He","year":"2010","unstructured":"He CC, Hui RR, Tezuka Y, Kadota S, Li JX: Osteoprotective effect of extract from achyranthes bidentata in ovariectomized rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 127: 229-234. 10.1016\/j.jep.2009.11.016.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1472_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-009-0122-2","volume":"28","author":"AN Shuid","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shuid AN, Zulfadli M, Norliza M, Norazlina M, Ima Nirwana S: Vitamin E exhibit bone anabolic properties. Jour Bone Min Metab. 2010, 28: 149-156. 10.1007\/s00774-009-0122-2.","journal-title":"Jour Bone Min Metab"},{"key":"1472_CR15","first-page":"538","volume":"133","author":"AS Nazrun","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nazrun AS, Ping LL, Norliza M, Norazlina M, Nirwana SI: The effects of Labisia pumila var.alata on bone markers and bone calcium in a rat model of post-menopausal osteoporosis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 133: 538-542.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1472_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.04.029","volume":"142","author":"SN Fathilah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fathilah SN, Ahmad NS, Norazlina M, Norliza M, Nirwana SI: Labisia pumila protects the bone of estrogen-deficient rat model: a histomorphometric study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012, 142: 294-299. 10.1016\/j.jep.2012.04.029.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1472_CR17","volume-title":"Labisia pumila prevents complications of osteoporosis by increasing bone strength in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis","author":"SN Fathilah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fathilah SN, Shahrum M, Norazlina M, Ahmad NS: Labisia pumila prevents complications of osteoporosis by increasing bone strength in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. eCAM. 2012,doi:10.1155\/2012\/948080., 2012,"},{"key":"1472_CR18","first-page":"43","volume":"42","author":"BC Stone","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stone BC: Notes on the genus Labisia Lindl. (Myrsinaceae). Malay Nat J. 1998, 42: 43-51.","journal-title":"Malay Nat J"},{"key":"1472_CR19","volume-title":"Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula","author":"IH Burkill","year":"1935","unstructured":"Burkill IH: Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. 1935, London: Publisher Crown Agents for the Colonies"},{"key":"1472_CR20","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Towards Bridging Science and Herbal Industry","author":"SP Runi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Runi SP: Studies on medicinal plant in Sarawak. Towards Bridging Science and Herbal Industry. Edited by: Chang YS. 2001, Kuala Lumpur: Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM), 112-119."},{"key":"1472_CR21","volume-title":"Traditional Malay Medicinal Plants","author":"M Zakaria","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zakaria M, Mohammed MA: Traditional Malay Medicinal Plants. 1994, Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti"},{"key":"1472_CR22","first-page":"53","volume":"1","author":"AJ Jamia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jamia AJ, Houghton JP, Milligan RS, Jantan I: The oestrogenic and cyto- toxic effects of the extracts of Labisia pumila var. alata and Labisia pumila var. pumila in vitro. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan. 2003, 1: 53-60.","journal-title":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan"},{"key":"1472_CR23","first-page":"8","volume-title":"Estrogenic and Androgenic Activities of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumila)","author":"H Husniza","year":"2002","unstructured":"Husniza H: Estrogenic and Androgenic Activities of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumila). 2002, Kuala Lumpur: Abstracts of Research Projects, Institute of Medical Research, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 8-"},{"key":"1472_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2008.10.004","volume":"62","author":"M Fazliana","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fazliana M, Wan Nazaimoon WM, Gua HF, \u00d6stensona CG: Labisia pumila extract regulates body weight and adipokines in ovariectomized rats. Maturitas. 2009, 62: 91-97. 10.1016\/j.maturitas.2008.10.004.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"1472_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1998.tb02279.x","volume":"50","author":"AJ Jamia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jamia AJ, Houghton JP, Milligan RS: Testing of Labisia pumila for oestro- genic properties using a recombinant yeast screen. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1998, 50: 79-10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1998.tb02279.x.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"1472_CR26","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"AW Ayida","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ayida AW, Wan Nazaimoon WM, Farihah HS, Azian AL: Effect of ovariectomy, Labisia Pumila var. alata treatment and estrogen replacement therapy on the morphology of adipose tissue in ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats. J Med Biol Sc. 2007, 1: 1-7.","journal-title":"J Med Biol Sc"},{"key":"1472_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5484.1504","volume":"289","author":"SL Teiteilbaum","year":"2000","unstructured":"Teiteilbaum SL: Bone resorption by osteoclast. Science. 2000, 289: 1504-1508. 10.1126\/science.289.5484.1504.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1472_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81569-X","volume":"93","author":"DL Lacey","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lacey DL, Timms E, Tan HL, Kelley MJ, Dunstan CR, Elliott R, Colombero A, Elliott G: Osteoprotogerin ligand is a cytokine that regulated osteocast differentiation and activation. Cell. 1998, 93: 165-176. 10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81569-X.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1472_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.6.10.1041","volume":"6","author":"EM Lewiecki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lewiecki EM: RANK ligand inhibition with denosumab for the management of osteoporosis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2006, 6: 1041-1050. 10.1517\/14712598.6.10.1041.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"1472_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-008-9133-6","volume":"82","author":"SAJ Lloyd","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lloyd SAJ, Yuan YY, Kostenuik PJ, Ominsky MS, Lau AG: Soluble RANKL induces high bone turnover and decreases bone volume, density, and strength in mice. Calcif Tiss Int. 2008, 82 (5): 361-372. 10.1007\/s00223-008-9133-6.","journal-title":"Calcif Tiss Int"},{"key":"1472_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199603000-00006","volume":"324","author":"EH Riley","year":"1996","unstructured":"Riley EH, Lane JM, Urist MR, Lyons KM, Lieberman JR: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 biology and applications. Clin Orthop Rel Res. 1996, 324: 39-46.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1472_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00953-5","volume":"32","author":"S Bord","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bord S, Ireland DC, Beavan SR, Compston JE: The effects of estrogen on osteoprotegerin, RANKL, and estrogen receptor expression in human osteoblasts. Bone. 2003, 32 (2): 136-141. 10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00953-5.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"1472_CR33","first-page":"27","volume":"1","author":"AA Siti Noor Fathilah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Siti Noor Fathilah AA: Branched DNA: a novel technique in molecular diagnostics. RUMeS. 2013, 1 (1): 27-29.","journal-title":"RUMeS"},{"key":"1472_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01658","volume":"423","author":"WJ Boyle","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boyle WJ, Simonest WS, Lacey DL: Osteoclast differentiation and activation. J Nat. 2003, 423: 337-342. 10.1038\/nature01658.","journal-title":"J Nat"},{"issue":"1","key":"1472_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1385\/MB:19:1:029","volume":"19","author":"SC Andras","year":"2001","unstructured":"Andras SC, Power JB, Cockin EC, Davey MR: Strategies for signal amplification in nucleic acid detection. Mol Biotechnol. 2001, 19 (1): 29-44.","journal-title":"Mol Biotechnol"},{"key":"1472_CR36","volume-title":"Osteoporosis in Focus","author":"N Ferguson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ferguson N: Osteoporosis in Focus. 2004, Oxford: Pharmaceutical Press"},{"key":"1472_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.30760","volume":"39","author":"MF Wan Ezumi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wan Ezumi MF, Siti Amrah S, Suhaimi AWM, Mohsin SSJ: Evaluation of the female reproductive toxicity of aqueous extracts of Labisia pumila var. alata in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2007, 39: 30-32. 10.4103\/0253-7613.30760.","journal-title":"Indian J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1472_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.07.031","volume":"47","author":"GD Singh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Singh GD, Ganjoo M, Youssouf MS, Koul A, Sharma R, Singh S, Sangwan PL, Koul S, Ahamad DB, Johri RK: Sub-acute toxicity evaluation of an aqueous extract of Labisia pumila, a Malaysian herb. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009, 47: 2661-2665. 10.1016\/j.fct.2009.07.031.","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"1472_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/35046196","volume":"408","author":"JR Arron","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arron JR, Choi Y: Bone versus immune system. Nature. 2000, 408: 535-536. 10.1038\/35046196.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1472_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11089","volume":"106","author":"J Lorenzo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lorenzo J: Interactions between immune and bone cells: new insights with many are remaining questions. JCI. 2000, 106: 749-752. 10.1172\/JCI11089.","journal-title":"JCI"},{"key":"1472_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2009.08.478","volume":"109","author":"HK Choi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Choi HK, Kim DH, Kim JW, Ngadiran S, Sarmidi MR, Park CS: Labisia pumila extract protects skin cells from photoaging caused by UVB irradiation. J Biosc Bioeng. 2010, 109: 291-296. 10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2009.08.478.","journal-title":"J Biosc Bioeng"},{"issue":"10","key":"1472_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2009.08.004","volume":"15","author":"W Fabien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fabien W, Laurent L, Veronique C, Jerome G, Yohann W: Oxidative stress bone remodelling and disease. Trends Mol Med. 2009, 15 (10): 468-475. 10.1016\/j.molmed.2009.08.004.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"1472_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27285","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702810200","volume":"282","author":"M Almeida","year":"2007","unstructured":"Almeida M, Han L, Martin-Millan M, Plotkin LI, Stewart SA, Roberson PK, Kousteni S, O\u2019Brien CA, Bellido T, Parfitt AM, Manolagas SC: Skeletal involution by age-associated oxidative stress and its acceleration by loss of sex steroids. J Biol Chem. 2007, 282: 27285-27297. 10.1074\/jbc.M702810200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1472_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)00173-4","volume":"54","author":"J Huang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Huang J, Zhang H, Shimizu N, Takeda T: Triterpenoid saponins from Arsidia mamillata. Phytochemistry. 2000, 54: 817-822. 10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)00173-4.","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"1472_CR45","first-page":"217","volume":"3","author":"M Norhaiza","year":"2009","unstructured":"Norhaiza M, Maziah M, Hakiman M: Antioxidative properties of leaf extracts of a popular Malaysian herb, Labisia pumila. J Med Plants Res. 2009, 3: 217-223.","journal-title":"J Med Plants Res"},{"key":"1472_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/62.6.1315S","volume":"62","author":"H Sies","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sies H, Stahl W: Vitamin E and C, beta carotene and other carotenoids as antioxidants. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995, 62: 1315S-1321S.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1472_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4367","DOI":"10.1210\/en.140.9.4367","volume":"140","author":"LC Hofbauer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hofbauer LC, Khosla S, Dunstan CR, Lacey DL, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL: Estrogen stimulates gene expression and protein production of osteoprotegerin in human osteoblastic cells. Endocrinol. 1999, 140: 4367-4370. 10.1210\/en.140.9.4367.","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"key":"1472_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11066","volume":"106","author":"S Cenci","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cenci S, Weitzmann MN, Roggia C, Namba N, Novack D, Woodring J, Pacifici R: Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss by enhancing T-cell production of TNF-\u03b1. JCI. 2000, 106: 1229-1237. 10.1172\/JCI11066.","journal-title":"JCI"},{"key":"1472_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00077-5","volume":"23","author":"RL Jilka","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jilka RL: Cytokines, bone remodeling, and estrogen deficiency. Bone. 1998, 23: 75-81. 10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00077-5.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1472_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-2-199801150-00009","volume":"128","author":"DA Papanicolaou","year":"1998","unstructured":"Papanicolaou DA, Wilder RL, Manolagas SC, Chrousos GP: The pathophysiologic roles of interleukin-6 in human disease. Ann Intern Med. 1998, 128: 127-137. 10.7326\/0003-4819-128-2-199801150-00009.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1472_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.5.997","volume":"188","author":"K Fuller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fuller K, Wong B, Choi Y, Chambers TJ: TRANCE is necessary and sufficient for osteoblast-mediated activation of bone resorption. J Exp Med. 1998, 188: 997-1001. 10.1084\/jem.188.5.997.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1472_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.02.013","volume":"352","author":"M Flagella","year":"2006","unstructured":"Flagella M, Bui S, Zheng Z, Nguyen CT, Zhang A, Pastor L, Ma Y, Yang W, Crawford KL, McMaster GK, Witney F, Luo Y: A multiplex branched DNA assay for parallel quantitative gene expression profiling. Anal Biochem. 2006, 352 (1): 50-60. 10.1016\/j.ab.2006.02.013.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"1472_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00667-8","volume":"295","author":"XW Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen XW, Garner SC, Anderson JJ: Isoflavones regulate interleukin-6 and osteoprotegerin synthesis osteoblast cell differentiation via an estrogen-receptor dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002, 295: 417-422. 10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00667-8.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1472_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10087","volume":"84","author":"V Viereck","year":"2002","unstructured":"Viereck V, Gr\u00fcndker C, Blaschke S, Siggelkow H, Emons G, Hofbauer LC: Phytoestrogen genistein stimulates the production of osteoprotegerin by the human trabecular osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2002, 84: 725-735. 10.1002\/jcb.10087.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"1472_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3632","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.8.8310","volume":"142","author":"T Yamagishi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yamagishi T, Otsuka E, Hagiwara H: Reciprocal control of expression of mRNAs for osteoclast differentiation factor and OPG in osteogenic stromal cells by genistein: evidence for the involvement of topoisomerase II in osteoclastogenesis. Endocrinol. 2001, 142: 3632-3637. 10.1210\/en.142.8.3632.","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"issue":"S2","key":"1472_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1159\/000184658","volume":"44","author":"H Kanzaki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kanzaki H, Hatayama H, Narukawa S, Kariya M, Fujita J, Mori T: Hormonal regulation in the production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and transforming growth factor-beta by human endometrial stromal cells in culture. Horm Res. 1995, 44 (S2): 30-35.","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1472_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2002-0210","volume":"17","author":"S Zhou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zhou S, Turgeman G, Harris SE, Leitman DC, Komm BS, Bodine PV, Gazit D: Estrogens activate bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transcription in mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2003, 17 (1): 56-66. 10.1210\/me.2002-0210.doi:10.1210\/me.2002-0210.,","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"1472_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3164526","volume":"241","author":"BS Komm","year":"1988","unstructured":"Komm BS, Terpening CM, Benz DJ, Graeme KA, Gallegos A, Korc M, Greene GL, O\u2019Malley BW, Haussler MR: Estrogen binding, receptor mRNA, and biologic response in osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. Science. 1988, 241: 81-84. 10.1126\/science.3164526.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1472_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-125-2-825","volume":"125","author":"M Ernst","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ernst M, Heath JK, Rodan GA: Estradiol effects on proliferation, messenger ribonucleic acid for collagen and insulin-like growth factor-I, and parathyroid hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in osteoblastic cells from calvariae and long bones. Endocrinol. 1989, 125: 825-833. 10.1210\/endo-125-2-825.","journal-title":"Endocrinol"},{"key":"1472_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.6.2172","volume":"87","author":"T Takano-Yamamoto","year":"1990","unstructured":"Takano-Yamamoto T, Rodan GA: Direct effects of 17b-estradiol on trabecular bone in ovariectomized rats. PNAS. 1990, 87: 2172-2176. 10.1073\/pnas.87.6.2172.","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"1472_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1210\/en.130.5.3025","volume":"130","author":"JWM Chow","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chow JWM, Lean JM, Chambers TJ: 17b-Estradiol stimulates cancellous bone formation in female rats. Endocrinol. 1992, 130: 3025-3032. 10.1210\/en.130.5.3025.","journal-title":"Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T01:12:18Z","timestamp":1630545138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6882-13-217","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"217"}}