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In this study we investigated, its flavonoid constituents,\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      antioxidant potential against different free radicals and hepatoprotection against carbon tetrachloride (CCl\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      )-induced liver damage in rat.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dried powder of\n                      <jats:italic>S. cordata<\/jats:italic>\n                      whole plant was extracted with methanol and the resultant (SCME) obtained was fractionated with escalating polarity to obtain\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      -hexane fraction (SCHE), ethyl acetate fraction (SCEE),\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      -butanol fraction (SCBE) and the remaining soluble portion as aqueous fraction (SCAE). Diverse\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      antioxidants assays such as DPPH, H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , \u2022OH, ABTS, \u03b2-carotene bleaching assay, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity were studied to assess scavenging potential of methanol extract and its derived fractions. On account of marked scavenging activity SCEE was selected to investigate the hepatoprotective potential against CCl\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      induced toxicity in Sprague\u2013Dawley male rats by assessing the level of serum markers (alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, and \u03b3-glutamyltransferase) and of liver antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione-S-transfers (GST), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Histology of the liver was performed to study alteration in histoarchitecture. Existence of active flavonoids was established by thin layer chromatographic studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Considerable amount of flavonoid and phenolic contents were recorded in the methanol extract and its derived fractions. Although the extract and all its derived fractions exhibited good antioxidant activities however, the most distinguished scavenging potential was observed for SCEE. Treatment of SCEE decreased the elevated level of serum marker enzymes induced with CCl\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      administration whereas increased the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, POD, GST, GSR and GSH-Px). Hepatic concentration of GSH was increased while lipid peroxidation was decreased with SCEE administration in CCl\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      intoxicated rats. Presence of apigenin with some unknown compounds was observed in SCEE by using thin layer chromatography.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These results revealed the presence of some bioactive compound in the ethyl acetate fraction, confirming the utility of\n                      <jats:italic>S. cordata<\/jats:italic>\n                      against liver diseases in folk medicine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]],"date-time":"2013-10-22T17:41:13Z","timestamp":1382463673000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Investigation on flavonoid composition and anti free radical potential of Sida cordata"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Naseer Ali","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Rashid","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Noureen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umbreen","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahmat Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1522_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2220001","volume":"222","author":"TF Slater","year":"1984","unstructured":"Slater TF: Free radical mechanisms in tissue injury. 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