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Bothrops<\/jats:italic>bites trigger local and systemic effects including edema, pain, erythema, cyanosis, infections, and necrosis.<jats:italic>Vellozia flavicans<\/jats:italic>is a plant from the Brazilian \u201ccerrado\u201d (savanna) that is popularly used as an anti-inflammatory medicine. Since inflammation develops quickly after<jats:italic>Bothrops<\/jats:italic>bites, which can lead to infection, the aim of the present study was to observe possible anti-snake venom and antimicrobial activities of<jats:italic>V. flavicans<\/jats:italic>(Vf).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The chromatographic profile of the main constituents from the Vf leaf hydroalcoholic extract was obtained by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The anti-snake venom activity was measured by Vf\u2019s ability to neutralize the<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>neuromuscular blockade caused by<jats:italic>Bothrops jararacussu<\/jats:italic>venom (Bjssu) in a mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm model (PND). After a 20\u00a0min incubation, preparations of PND were added to Tyrode\u2019s solution (control); Vf (0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2\u00a0mg\/mL); 40\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL Bjssu; pre-incubation for 30\u00a0min with Bjssu and 1\u00a0mg\/mL Vf; and a Bjssu pretreated preparation (for 10\u00a0min) followed by 1\u00a0mg\/mL Vf. Myographic recording was performed, and the contractile responses were recorded. The antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC]) was obtained for<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>, using gentamicin and vancomycin as positive controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>TLC analysis yielded several compounds from Vf, such as flavonoids (quercetin) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid). Bjssu completely blocked the contractile responses of PND preparations, while Vf preserved 97% (\u00b110%) of the contractile responses when incubated with Bjssu. In the PND pretreated with Bjssu, Vf was able to inhibit the neuromuscular blockade progress. MIC and MBC of Vf ranged from 2.5 to 5.0\u00a0mg\/mL for<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>strains, while no antimicrobial activity was observed for<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hydroalcoholic extract from Vf leaves was able to neutralize and decrease the<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>neuromuscular blockade caused by Bjssu. However, it did not show significant antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-48","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,8]],"date-time":"2014-02-08T08:02:10Z","timestamp":1391846530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vellozia flavicans Mart. ex Schult. hydroalcoholic extract inhibits the neuromuscular blockade induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Tribuiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandro Mateus","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miri\u00e9le Cristina","family":"Ferraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magali Glauzer","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Guerreiro","family":"Bentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Talita Signoreti","family":"Graziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcio Galdino","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Cogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliana Aparecida","family":"Varanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco Carlos","family":"Groppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Cogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Oshima-Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1648_CR1","unstructured":"WHO \u2013 World Health Organization: Neglected tropical diseases: Snakebite.http:\/\/www.who.int\/bloodproducts\/animal_sera\/Rabies.pdf?ua=1,"},{"key":"1648_CR2","volume-title":"Textos B\u00e1sicos de Sa\u00fade (Cadernos de Aten\u00e7\u00e3o B\u00e1sica; n. 22)","author":"Brasil. 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