{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T22:31:52Z","timestamp":1787956312063,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]],"date-time":"2007-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,5]],"date-time":"2007-12-05T14:13:40Z","timestamp":1196864020000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["'It gives you an understanding you can't get from any book.' The relationship between medical students' and doctors' personal illness experiences and their performance: a qualitative and quantitative study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Woolf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Cave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I Chris","family":"McManus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane E","family":"Dacre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"208_CR1","volume-title":"The Theory of Moral Sentiments","author":"A Smith","year":"1759","unstructured":"Smith A: The Theory of Moral Sentiments. 1759, London: A. Millar. First published, 6","edition":"6"},{"issue":"6597","key":"208_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6597.533","volume":"295","author":"J Firth-Cozens","year":"1987","unstructured":"Firth-Cozens J: Emotional distress in junior house officers. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987, 295 (6597): 533-536.","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"9003","key":"208_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90077-X","volume":"347","author":"AJ Ramirez","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ramirez AJ, Graham J, Richards MA, Cull A, Gregory WM: Mental health of hospital consultants: the effects of stress and satisfaction at work. Lancet. 1996, 347 (9003): 724-8. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90077-X.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2001.00832.x","volume":"35","author":"J Firth-Cozens","year":"2001","unstructured":"Firth-Cozens J: Medical student stress. Med Educ. 2001, 35 (1): 6-7. 10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2001.00832.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"208_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2000.00478.x","volume":"34","author":"D Roth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roth D, Antony MM, Kerr KL, Downie F: Attitudes toward mental illness in medical students: does personal and professional experience with mental illness make a difference?. Med Educ. 2000, 34 (3): 234-6. 10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2000.00478.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"208_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7391.670","volume":"326","author":"J Firth-Cozens","year":"2003","unstructured":"Firth-Cozens J: Doctors, their wellbeing, and their stress. Brit Med J. 2003, 326: 670-671. 10.1136\/bmj.326.7391.670.","journal-title":"Brit Med J"},{"key":"208_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67178-4","volume":"366","author":"C Taylor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taylor C, Graham J, Potts HWW, Richards MA, Ramirez AJ: Changes in mental health of UK hospital consultants since the mid-1990s. Lancet. 2005, 366: 742-44. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67178-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"208_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00221-5","volume":"52","author":"J Firth-Cozens","year":"2001","unstructured":"Firth-Cozens J: Interventions to improve physicians' wellbeing and patient care. Soc Sci Med. 2001, 52: 215-222. 10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00221-5.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"208_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.73.4.727","volume":"4","author":"JW Jones","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jones JW, Barge BN, Steffy BD, Fay LM, Kunz LK, et al: Stress and medical malpractice: Organizational risk assessment and intervention. J Applied Psychol. 1988, 4: 727-735. 10.1037\/0021-9010.73.4.727.","journal-title":"J Applied Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"208_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02448.x","volume":"40","author":"S Ross","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ross S, Cleland J, Macleod MJ: Stress, debt and undergraduate medical student performance. Med Educ. 2006, 40 (6): 584-589. 10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02448.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"208_CR11","volume-title":"Understanding Doctors' Performance","author":"J Harrison","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harrison J, Sterland J: The impact of health on performance. Understanding Doctors' Performance. Edited by: Cox J, King J, Hutchinson A, McAvoy P. 2006, Oxford: Radcliffe"},{"issue":"5","key":"208_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.5.637","volume":"291","author":"E Frank","year":"2004","unstructured":"Frank E: Physician health and patient care. JAMA. 2004, 291 (5): 637-10.1001\/jama.291.5.637.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2001.19747","volume":"42","author":"LW Roberts","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roberts LW, Warner TD, Lyketsos C, Frank E, Ganzini L, Carter D: Perceptions of Academic Vulnerability Associated with Personal Illness: A Study of 1,027 Students at Nine Medical Schools. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2001, 42 (1): 1-15. 10.1053\/comp.2001.19747.","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(02)00186-1","volume":"35","author":"M Hojat","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hojat M, Gonnella JS, Erdmann JB, Vogel WH: Medical students' cognitive appraisal of stressful life events as related to personality, physical well-being, and academic performance: A longitudinal study. Pers Individ Diff. 2003, 35 (1): 219-10.1016\/S0191-8869(02)00186-1.","journal-title":"Pers Individ Diff"},{"key":"208_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1987.tb01403.x","volume":"21","author":"HL Crimlisk","year":"1987","unstructured":"Crimlisk HL, McManus IC: The effect of personal illness experience on career preference in medical students. Med Educ. 1987, 21: 464-467.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"208_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.136.5.633","volume":"136","author":"M Saraiya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Saraiya M, Frank E, Elon L, Baldwin G, McAlpine BE: Personal and clinical skin cancer prevention practice of US women physicians. Arch Dermatol. 2000, 136: 633-642. 10.1001\/archderm.136.5.633.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"208_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.9.4.359","volume":"9","author":"E Frank","year":"2000","unstructured":"Frank E, Rothenberg R, Lewis C, Belodoff BF: Correlated of physicians' prevention-related practice. Findings from the Women Physicians' Health Study. Arch Fam Med. 2000, 9: 359-367. 10.1001\/archfami.9.4.359.","journal-title":"Arch Fam Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"208_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200404000-00013","volume":"79","author":"S DasGupta","year":"2004","unstructured":"DasGupta S, Charon R: Personal Illness Narratives: Using Reflective Writing to Teach Empathy. Acad Med. 2004, 79 (4): 351-35. 10.1097\/00001888-200404000-00013.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"208_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1136\/ewjm.175.2.92","volume":"175","author":"DE Kern","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kern DE, Write SM, Carrese JA: Personal growth in medical faculty: a qualitative study. West J Med. 2001, 175: 92-98. 10.1136\/ewjm.175.2.92.","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"208_CR20","volume-title":"Doctors in society: medical professionalism in a changing world","author":"Royal College of Physicians","year":"2005","unstructured":"Royal College of Physicians: Doctors in society: medical professionalism in a changing world. 2005, London: Royal College of Physicians"},{"issue":"3","key":"208_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2003.50065","volume":"18","author":"TH Mallory","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mallory TH: Lessons from the other side of the knife. J Arthroplasty. 2003, 18 (3): 2-4. 10.1054\/arth.2003.50065.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"208_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/00001610-200409000-00007","volume":"27","author":"JC Saunders","year":"2004","unstructured":"Saunders JC: Living with hepatitis C: a nurse's story. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2004, 27 (5): 239-41. 10.1097\/00001610-200409000-00007.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Nurs"},{"key":"208_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)11156-5","volume":"355","author":"OG Jenni","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jenni OG: On the other side of the tracks. Lancet. 2000, 355: 139-140. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)11156-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"208_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7553.1323","volume":"332","author":"ECH Lim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lim ECH, Seet RCS: Physician heal thyself. Brit Med J. 2006, 332: 1323-10.1136\/bmj.332.7553.1323.","journal-title":"Brit Med J"},{"key":"208_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.21.2454","volume":"165","author":"P Greenland","year":"2005","unstructured":"Greenland P: What If the Patient Were Your Mother?. Arch Intern Med. 2005, 165: 607-608. 10.1001\/archinte.165.6.607.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"208_CR26","first-page":"573","volume":"31","author":"BJ Ward","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ward BJ: The other side of the consulting desk. A GP's experience of being a cancer patient's daughter. Aust Fam Physician. 2002, 31 (6): 573-4.","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"208_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00012","volume":"131","author":"AS Clay","year":"1999","unstructured":"Clay AS: The medical student as patient. Ann Intern Med. 1999, 131: 225-226.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"208_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1348\/0007126042369802","volume":"95","author":"B Andrews","year":"2004","unstructured":"Andrews B, Wilding JM: The relation of depression and anxiety to life-stress and achievement in students. Bri J Psychol. 2004, 95 (4): 509-52. 10.1348\/0007126042369802.","journal-title":"Bri J Psychol"},{"key":"208_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","volume":"67","author":"AS Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psych Scan. 1983, 67: 361-370. 10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.","journal-title":"Acta Psych Scan"},{"key":"208_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1348\/014466501163904","volume":"40","author":"JR Crawford","year":"2001","unstructured":"Crawford JR, Henry JD, Crombie C, Taylor EP: Normative data for the HADS from a large non-clinical sample. Brit J Clin Psychol. 2001, 40: 429-43. 10.1348\/014466501163904.","journal-title":"Brit J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"208_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-7-38","volume":"7","author":"J Cave","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cave J, Goldacre M, Lambert T, Woolf K, Jones A, Dacre J: Newly qualified doctors' views about whether their medical school had trained them well: questionnaire surveys. BMC Medical Education. 2007, 7: 38-10.1186\/1472-6920-7-38.","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"208_CR32","volume-title":"Statistical methods for psychology","author":"DC Howell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Howell DC: Statistical methods for psychology. 2002, Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth, 5","edition":"5"},{"key":"208_CR33","unstructured":"University of Colorado, Lee Becker's Effect Size Calculator. [\n                    http:\/\/web.uccs.edu\/lbecker\/Psy590\/escalc3.htm\n                    \n                  ]"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.6-1-68","volume":"6","author":"D Chard","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chard D, Elsharkawy A, Newbery N: Medical professionalism: the trainees' views. Clin Med. 2006, 6 (1): 68-71.","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2003.004572","volume":"13","author":"E Roddy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roddy E, Rubin P, Britton J: A study of smoking and smoking cessation on the curricula of UK medical schools. Tob Control. 2004, 13 (1): 74-7. 10.1136\/tc.2003.004572.","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"208_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldacre MJ, Lambert T, Evans J, Turner G: Preregistration house officers' views on whether their experience at medical school prepared them well for their jobs: national questionnaire survey. BMJ. 326 (7397): 1011-2. 10.1136\/bmj.326.7397.1011. 2003 May 10","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7397.1011"},{"issue":"1","key":"208_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/13596740500507904","volume":"11","author":"JP Charlton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Charlton JP, Barrow C, Hornby-Atkinson P: Attempting to predict withdrawal from higher education using demographic, psychological and educational measures. Research in Post-Compulsory Education. 2006, 11 (1): 31-47. 10.1080\/13596740500507904.","journal-title":"Research in Post-Compulsory Education"},{"key":"208_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2001.00996.x","volume":"35","author":"J Morrison","year":"2001","unstructured":"Morrison J, Moffat K: More on medical student stress. Med Educ. 2001, 35: 617-10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2001.00996.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"208_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1989.tb00896.x","volume":"23","author":"D Tooth","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tooth D, Tonge K, McManus IC: Anxiety and study methods in preclinical students: causal relation to examination performance. Med Educ. 1989, 23 (5): 416-21.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"208_CR40","volume-title":"Personality traits","author":"G Matthews","year":"1998","unstructured":"Matthews G, Deary IJ: Personality traits. 1998, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press"},{"issue":"2","key":"208_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.1987.tb00438.x","volume":"55","author":"PT Costa","year":"1987","unstructured":"Costa PT, McCrae RR: Neuroticism, Somatic Complaints, and Disease: Is the Bark Worse than the Bite?. Journal of Personality. 1987, 55 (2): 299-10.1111\/j.1467-6494.1987.tb00438.x.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality"},{"issue":"11","key":"208_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2004.01981.x","volume":"38","author":"TJ Wilkinson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wilkinson TJ, Wells JE, Bushnell JA: Are differences between graduates and undergraduates in a medical course due to age or prior degree?. Medical Education. 2004, 38 (11): 1141-1146. 10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2004.01981.x.","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"key":"208_CR43","volume-title":"Facilitating reflective learning in higher education","author":"A Brockbank","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brockbank A, McGill I: Facilitating reflective learning in higher education. 1998, Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T03:18:05Z","timestamp":1548213485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]}},"alternative-id":["208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6920-7-50","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"article-number":"50"}}