{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:22:37Z","timestamp":1787019757209,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,17]],"date-time":"2010-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1284681600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over the past decade there has been a growing body of literature on how the Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) can be implemented and used in different clinical settings. Yet, for those charged with incorporating SNOMED CT into their organisation's clinical applications and vocabulary systems, there are few detailed encoding instructions and examples available to show how this can be done and the issues involved. This paper describes a heuristic method that can be used to encode clinical terms in SNOMED CT and an illustration of how it was applied to encode an existing palliative care dataset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The encoding process involves: identifying input data items; cleaning the data items; encoding the cleaned data items; and exporting the encoded terms as output term sets. Four outputs are produced: the SNOMED CT reference set; interface terminology set; SNOMED CT extension set and unencodeable term set.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The original palliative care database contained 211 data elements, 145 coded values and 37,248 free text values. We were able to encode ~84% of the terms, another ~8% require further encoding and verification while terms that had a frequency of fewer than five were not encoded (~7%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From the pilot, it would seem our SNOMED CT encoding method has the potential to become a general purpose terminology encoding approach that can be used in different clinical systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-10-53","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,17]],"date-time":"2010-09-17T14:15:13Z","timestamp":1284732913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["A method for encoding clinical datasets with SNOMED CT"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dennis H","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis Y","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hue","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"354_CR1","unstructured":"International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. SNOMED CT. accessed Aug 12\/2009., [http:\/\/www.ihtsdo.org\/snomed-ct\/]"},{"issue":"3","key":"354_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1957","volume":"13","author":"ST Rosenbloom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rosenbloom ST, Miller RA, Johnson KB, Elkin PL, Brown S: Interface terminologies: facilitating direct entry of clinical data into electronic health record systems. Journal of American Medical Informatics Association. 2006, 13 (3): 277-88. 10.1197\/jamia.M1957.","journal-title":"Journal of American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"354_CR3","volume-title":"MEDINFO 2007","author":"AL Osornio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Osornio AL, Luna D: Creation of a local interface terminology to SNOMED CT. MEDINFO 2007. Edited by: Kuhn K. 2007, IOS Press"},{"key":"354_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2003.08.002","volume":"72","author":"SJ Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang SJ, Bates DW, Chueh HC: Automated coded ambulatory problem lists: evaluation of a vocabulary and a data entry tool. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2003, 72: 17-28. 10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2003.08.002.","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"354_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1973","volume":"13","author":"JM Green","year":"2006","unstructured":"Green JM, Wilcke JR, Abbo J, Rees LP: Development and evaluation of methods for structured recording of heart murmur findings using SNOMED CT post-coordination. Journal of American Medical Informatics Association. 2006, 13 (3): 321-33. 10.1197\/jamia.M1973.","journal-title":"Journal of American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"354_CR6","first-page":"193","volume":"15","author":"I Herbert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herbert I: CLICSIG report: issues around compositional terminologies, SNOMED CT in particular. Informatics in Primary Care. 2007, 15: 193-7.","journal-title":"Informatics in Primary Care"},{"key":"354_CR7","volume-title":"Proceedings of Knowledge Representation in Medicine","author":"F Lau","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lau F, Simkus R, Lee D: A Methodology for Encoding Problem Lists with SNOMED CT in General Practice. Proceedings of Knowledge Representation in Medicine. 2008, : International Conference May 31-June 2, 2008, Arizona, USA"},{"issue":"1","key":"354_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2506","volume":"15","author":"ST Rosenbloom","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rosenbloom ST, Miller RA, Johnson KB, Elkin PL, Brown SH: A model for evaluating interface terminologies. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2008, 15 (1): 65-76. 10.1197\/jamia.M2506. Epub 2007 Oct 18","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"354_CR9","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine. SPECIALIST Lexicon and Lexical Tools. Accessed Sep12\/2010., [http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/bookshelf\/br.fcgi?book=nlmumls&part=ch06]"},{"key":"354_CR10","unstructured":"International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. SNOMED Clinical Terms User Guide. 2009, accessed Aug 12\/2009., [http:\/\/www.ihtsdo.org\/publications\/inside-ihtsdo\/]"},{"key":"354_CR11","unstructured":"International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. Technical Reference Guide July 8\/2009. accessed Aug 12\/2009., [http:\/\/www.ihtsdo.org\/publications\/inside-ihtsdo\/]"},{"key":"354_CR12","unstructured":"International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. SNOMED CT Reference Set Specification. Denmark, January 31. 2008"},{"key":"354_CR13","volume-title":"Proceedings of KR-MED May 31 - June 2 2008; Phoenix, Arizona, USA","author":"J Rogers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rogers J, Bodenreider O, SNOMED CT: Browsing the Browsers. 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