{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T20:23:35Z","timestamp":1750364615192},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]],"date-time":"2005-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118620800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>American public policy makers recently established the goal of providing the majority of Americans with electronic health records by 2014. This will require a National Health Information Infrastructure (NHII) that is far more complete than the one that is currently in its formative stage of development. We describe a conceptual framework to help measure progress toward that goal.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The NHII comprises a set of clusters, such as Regional Health Information Organizations (RHIOs), which, in turn, are composed of smaller clusters and nodes such as private physician practices, individual hospitals, and large academic medical centers. We assess progress in terms of the availability and use of information and communications technology and the resulting effectiveness of these implementations. These three attributes can be studied in a phased approach because the system must be available before it can be used, and it must be used to have an effect. As the NHII expands, it can become a tool for evaluating itself.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The NHII has the potential to transform health care in America \u2013 improving health care quality, reducing health care costs, preventing medical errors, improving administrative efficiencies, reducing paperwork, and increasing access to affordable health care. While the President has set an ambitious goal of assuring that most Americans have electronic health records within the next 10 years, a significant question remains \"How will we know if we are making progress toward that goal?\" Using the definitions for \"nodes\" and \"clusters\" developed in this article along with the resulting measurement framework, we believe that we can begin a discussion that will enable us to define and then begin making the kinds of measurements necessary to answer this important question.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,14]],"date-time":"2005-06-14T06:13:40Z","timestamp":1118729620000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A draft framework for measuring progress towards the development of a national health information infrastructure"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Dean F","family":"Sittig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Richard N","family":"Shiffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Rudolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"George","family":"Hripcsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Laura L","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lawrence C","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rainu","family":"Kaushal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"65_CR1","unstructured":"Bush GW: Transforming Health Care: The President's Health Information Technology Plan. April 26, 2004., [http:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/infocus\/technology\/economic_policy200404\/chap3.html]"},{"key":"65_CR2","unstructured":"National Health Information Infrastructure (NHII): Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Sheet. Accessed 5\/17\/05, [http:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/sp\/nhii\/FAQ.html]"},{"issue":"5","key":"65_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta3050","volume":"3","author":"OC Ukoumunne","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ukoumunne OC, Gulliford MC, Chinn S, Sterne JAC, Burney PGJ: Methods for evaluating area-wide and organisation-based interventions in health and health care: a systematic review. Health Technology Assessment. 1999, 3 (5): 1-98.","journal-title":"Health Technology Assessment"},{"key":"65_CR4","volume-title":"Scientific American","author":"T Berners-Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Berners-Lee T, James Hendler J, Lassila O: The Semantic Web: A new form of Web content that is meaningful to computers will unleash a revolution of new possibilities. Scientific American. 2001, [http:\/\/cpdp.uab.es\/documents\/docencia\/casamos_pompeu\/semantic_web.pdf]"},{"key":"65_CR5","unstructured":"Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act of 1996: PUBLIC LAW 104-191. AUG. 21, 1996. [http:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/admnsimp\/pl104191.htm]"},{"key":"65_CR6","volume-title":"Linked: The New Science of Networks","author":"AL Barab\u00e1si","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barab\u00e1si AL: Linked: The New Science of Networks. 2002, PerseusPublishing, Cambridge, MA"},{"key":"65_CR7","unstructured":"National Health Information Infrastructure (NHII): State and Local Activities. Accessed 5\/17\/05, [http:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/sp\/nhii\/statelocal.html]"},{"issue":"4","key":"65_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1616","volume":"11","author":"WA Yasnoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yasnoff WA, Humphreys BL, Overhage JM, Detmer DE, Brennan PF, Morris RW, Middleton B, Bates DW, Fanning JP: A consensus action agenda for achieving the national health information infrastructure. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2004, 11 (4): 332-8. 10.1197\/jamia.M1616.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"65_CR9","unstructured":"National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics: A Strategy for Building the National Health Information Infrastructure. Washington, DC, November 15, 2001 (Accessed 6\/7\/04), [http:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/sp\/nhii\/Documents\/NHIIReport2001\/default.htm]"},{"key":"65_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donabedian A: The quality of care. How can it be assessed?. JAMA. 260 (12): 1743-8. 10.1001\/jama.260.12.1743. 1988, Sep 23\u201330","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.260.12.1743"},{"key":"65_CR11","volume-title":"Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century","author":"Institute of Medicine IOM), Committee on Quality of Health Care in America","year":"2001","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine IOM), Committee on Quality of Health Care in America: Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. 2001, Washington (DC): National Academy Press"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T01:45:10Z","timestamp":1630460710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["65"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-5-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2005","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2005","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"14"}}