{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T07:30:48Z","timestamp":1753601448324},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,26]],"date-time":"2006-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138233600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) have been integrated into daily practice for many emergency physicians and house officers. Few objective data exist that quantify the effect of PDAs on documentation. The objective of this study was to determine whether use of a PDA would improve emergency medicine house officer documentation of procedures and patient resuscitations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Twelve first-year Emergency Medicine (EM) residents were provided a Palm V (Palm, Inc., Santa Clara, California, USA) PDA. A customizable patient procedure and encounter program was constructed and loaded into each PDA. Residents were instructed to enter information on patients who had any of 20 procedures performed, were deemed clinically unstable, or on whom follow-up was obtained. These data were downloaded to the residency coordinator's desktop computer on a weekly basis for 36 months. The mean number of procedures and encounters performed per resident over a three year period were then compared with those of 12 historical controls from a previous residency class that had recorded the same information using a handwritten card system for 36 months. Means of both groups were compared a two-tailed Student's t test with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. One hundred randomly selected entries from both the PDA and handwritten groups were reviewed for completeness. Another group of 11 residents who had used both handwritten and PDA procedure logs for one year each were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their satisfaction with the PDA system.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Mean documentation of three procedures significantly increased in the PDA vs handwritten groups: conscious sedation 24.0 vs 0.03 (p = 0.001); thoracentesis 3.0 vs 0.0 (p = 0.001); and ED ultrasound 24.5 vs. 0.0 (p = 0.001). In the handwritten cohort, only the number of cardioversions\/defibrillations (26.5 vs 11.5) was statistically increased (p = 0.001). Of the PDA entries, 100% were entered completely, compared to only 91% of the handwritten group, including 4% that were illegible. 10 of 11 questioned residents preferred the PDA procedure log to a handwritten log (mean \u00b1 SD Likert-scale score of 1.6 \u00b1 0.9).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Overall use of a PDA did not significantly change EM resident procedure or patient resuscitation documentation when used over a three-year period. Statistically significant differences between the handwritten and PDA groups likely represent alterations in the standard of ED care over time. Residents overwhelmingly preferred the PDA procedure log to a handwritten log and more entries are complete using the PDA. These favorable comparisons and the numerous other uses of PDAs may make them an attractive alternative for resident documentation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,4]],"date-time":"2006-02-04T19:14:59Z","timestamp":1139080499000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["House officer procedure documentation using a personal digital assistant: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Steven B","family":"Bird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David R","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"94_CR1","unstructured":"Kohn LT, Corrigan JM, Donaldson MS, Eds: To err is human: building a safer health system. 2000, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine"},{"key":"94_CR2","unstructured":"Pear R: Study tells US to pay more for the best medical care. New York Times. A19-Oct 31 2002"},{"key":"94_CR3","volume-title":"Program Requirements","author":"Graduate Medical Education Directory","year":"2001","unstructured":"Graduate Medical Education Directory: Program Requirements. 2001, Chicago, IL: American Medical Association"},{"key":"94_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01141.x","volume":"8","author":"SB Bird","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bird SB, Zarum RS, Renzi FP: Emergency medicine resident patient care documentation using a hand-held computerized device. Acad Emerg Med. 2001, 8: 1200-3.","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"94_CR5","first-page":"115","volume":"32","author":"R Garvin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Garvin R, Otto F, McRae D: Using handheld computers to document family practice resident procedure experience. Fam Med. 2000, 32: 115-8.","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"94_CR6","first-page":"118","volume":"15","author":"G Rao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rao G: Introduction of handheld computing to a family practice residency program. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2002, 15: 118-22.","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Pract"},{"key":"94_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127367","volume":"187","author":"AM Autry","year":"2002","unstructured":"Autry AM, Simpson DE, Bragg DS, Meurer LN, Barnabi VM, Green SS, Bertling C, Fisher B: Personal digital assistant for real time assessment of women's health in the clinical years. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002, 187: S19-S21. 10.1067\/mob.2002.127367.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"94_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1067\/men.2001.118759","volume":"27","author":"L Eastes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eastes L: Use of the personal digital assistant for point-of-care trauma documentation. J Emerg Nurs. 2001, 27: 516-8. 10.1067\/men.2001.118759.","journal-title":"J Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"94_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200207000-00004","volume":"77","author":"CF Pipas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pipas CF, Carney PA, Eliassen MS, Mengshol SC, Fall LH, Olson AL, Schifferdecker KE, Russell MT, Peltier DA, Nierenberg DW: Development of a handheld computer documentation system to enhance an integrated primary care clerkship. Acad Med. 2002, 77: 600-9.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"94_CR10","first-page":"352","volume":"15","author":"MM Wofford","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wofford MM, Secan R, Herman C, Moran WP, Wofford JL: Clinical documentation: the handheld computer as a survival tool. MD Comput. 1998, 15: 352-4.","journal-title":"MD Comput"},{"key":"94_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.2.173","volume":"52","author":"J Luo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Luo J, Hales RE, Hilty D, Brennan C: Electronic sign-out using a personal digital assistant. Psychiatr Serv. 2001, 52: 173-4. 10.1176\/appi.ps.52.2.173.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"94_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.7.883","volume":"52","author":"BC Grasso","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grasso BC, Genest R: Use of a personal digital assistant in reducing medication error rates. Psychiatr Serv. 2001, 52: 883-6. 10.1176\/appi.ps.52.7.883.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"94_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2003.12.005","volume":"73","author":"JR Barrett","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barrett JR, Strayer SM, Schubart JR: Assessing medical residents' usage and perceived needs for personal digital assistants. Int J Med Inf. 2004, 73: 25-34. 10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2003.12.005.","journal-title":"Int J Med Inf"},{"key":"94_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1180","volume":"10","author":"S Fischer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fischer S, Stewart TE, Mehta S, Wax R, Lapinsky SE: Handheld computing in medicine. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2003, 10: 139-49. 10.1197\/jamia.M1180.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"94_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2005.03.001","volume":"74","author":"YC Lu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lu YC, Xiao Y, Sears Am, Jacko JA: A review and a framework of handheld computer adoption in healthcare. Int J Med Inf. 2005, 74: 409-22. 10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2005.03.001.","journal-title":"Int J Med Inf"},{"key":"94_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1001","volume":"9","author":"JM Rothschild","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rothschild JM, Lee TH, Bae T, Bates DW: Clinician use of a palmtop drug reference guide. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2002, 9: 223-9. 10.1197\/jamia.M1001.","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"94_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7476.1231","volume":"329","author":"NA Buckley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Buckley NA, Roberts D, Eddleston M: Overcoming apathy in research on organophosphate poisoning. BMJ. 2004, 329: 1231-3. 10.1136\/bmj.329.7476.1231.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"94_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(97)00252-7","volume":"16","author":"MI Langdorf","year":"1998","unstructured":"Langdorf MI, Bontague BJ, Bearie B, Sobel CS: Quantification of procedures and resuscitations in an emergency medicine residency. J Emerg Med. 1998, 16: 121-7. 10.1016\/S0736-4679(97)00252-7.","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"94_CR19","first-page":"629","volume":"29","author":"RA Baldor","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baldor RA, Broadhurst J: Documenting resident procedure and diagnostic experience: simplifying the process. Fam Med. 1997, 29: 629-33.","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"94_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199610000-00028","volume":"71","author":"DM Chapman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chapman DM, Cavanaugh SH: Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to establish the previous experience threshold for critical-procedure competency. Acad Med. 1996, 71: S7-9. 10.1097\/00001888-199610000-00028.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"94_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199410000-00035","volume":"69","author":"JA Colliver","year":"1994","unstructured":"Colliver JA, Barnhart AJ, Marcy ML, Verhulst SJ: Using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to set passing standards for a standardized-patient examination of clinical competence. Acad Med. 1994, 69: S37-39. 10.1097\/00001888-199410000-00035.","journal-title":"Acad Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T22:36:37Z","timestamp":1630449397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,26]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["94"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-6-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 July 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2006","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2006","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"5"}}