{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:09:56Z","timestamp":1772165396743,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T15:28:28Z","timestamp":1242401308000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["A stimulus to define informatics and health information technology"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Hersh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M3092","volume":"16","author":"C Friedman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Friedman C: A 'fundamental theorem' of biomedical informatics. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2009, 16: 169-170. 10.1197\/jamia.M3092.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shortliffe E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical Informatics: Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. 2006, New York, NY: Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-36278-9"},{"key":"266_CR3","volume-title":"A History of Medical Informatics in the United States 1950\u20131990","author":"M Collen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Collen M: A History of Medical Informatics in the United States 1950\u20131990. 1995, Bethesda, MD: American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440080092030","volume":"263","author":"R Greenes","year":"1990","unstructured":"Greenes R, Shortliffe E: Medical informatics \u2013 an emerging academic discipline and institutional priority. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1990, 263: 1114-1120. 10.1001\/jama.263.8.1114.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"266_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2607(96)01769-5","volume":"51","author":"A Hasman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hasman A, Haux R, Albert A: A systematic view on medical informatics. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 1996, 51: 131-139. 10.1016\/S0169-2607(96)01769-5.","journal-title":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"},{"key":"266_CR6","first-page":"200","volume-title":"Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2004","author":"J Moehr","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moehr J: The Quest for Identity of Medical Informatics, and for Guidance to Education in it: the German Conference at the Reisensburg of 1973 revisited. Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2004. Edited by: Haux R, McCray A, Kullikowski C. 2004, Stuttgart, Germany: Schattauer, 200-209."},{"key":"266_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634340","volume":"39","author":"Anonymous","year":"2000","unstructured":"Anonymous: Recommendations of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) on education in health and medical informatics. Methods of Information in Medicine. 2000, 39: 267-277.","journal-title":"Methods of Information in Medicine"},{"key":"266_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.16.1955","volume":"288","author":"W Hersh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hersh W: Medical informatics \u2013 improving health care through information. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2002, 288: 1955-1958. 10.1001\/jama.288.16.1955.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"266_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1912","volume":"13","author":"W Hersh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hersh W: Who are the informaticians? What we know and should know. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2006, 13: 166-170. 10.1197\/jamia.M1912.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR10","first-page":"138","volume-title":"IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2008","author":"W Hersh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hersh W: Health and Biomedical Informatics: Opportunities and Challenges for a Twenty-First Century Profession and its Education. IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2008. Edited by: Geissbuhler A, Kulikowski C. 2008, Stuttgart, Germany: Schattauer, 138-145."},{"key":"266_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M3094","volume":"16","author":"D Detmer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Detmer D, Lumpkin J, Williamson J: Defining the medical subspecialty of clinical informatics. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2009, 16: 167-168. 10.1197\/jamia.M3094.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2824","volume":"15","author":"A Butte","year":"2008","unstructured":"Butte A: Translational bioinformatics: coming of age. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2008, 15: 709-714. 10.1197\/jamia.M2824.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M3005","volume":"16","author":"P Embi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Embi P, Payne P: Clinical research informatics: challenges, opportunities and definition for an emerging domain. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2009, 16: 316-327. 10.1197\/jamia.M3005.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100029","volume":"81","author":"E Zerhouni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zerhouni E: Translational research: moving discovery to practice. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2007, 81: 126-128. 10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100029.","journal-title":"Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"key":"266_CR15","volume-title":"Academic Medicine","author":"E Bernstam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bernstam E, Hersh W, Johnson S, Chute C, Nguyen H, Sim I, Nahm M, Weiner M, Miller P, DiLaura R: Synergies and distinctions between computational disciplines in biomedical research: perspective from the Clinical and Translational Science Award programs. Academic Medicine. 2009,"},{"key":"266_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-8-45","volume":"8","author":"D Detmer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Detmer D, Bloomrosen M, Raymond B, Tang P: Integrated personal health records: transformative tools for consumer-centric care. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2008, 8: 45-10.1186\/1472-6947-8-45.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"266_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2273","volume":"14","author":"C Safran","year":"2007","unstructured":"Safran C, Bloomrosen M, Hammond W, Labkoff S, Markel-Fox S, Tang P, Detmer D: Toward a national framework for the secondary use of health data: an American Medical Informatics Association white paper. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2007, 14: 1-9. 10.1197\/jamia.M2273.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2905","volume":"15","author":"M Bloomrosen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bloomrosen M, Detmer D: Advancing the framework: use of health data \u2013 a report of a working conference of the American Medical Informatics Association. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2008, 15: 715-722. 10.1197\/jamia.M2905.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.2.345","volume":"28","author":"F Mostashari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mostashari F, Tripathi M, Kendall M: Lessons learned from two large community electronic health record (EHR) extension projects. Health Affairs. 2009, 28: 345-356. 10.1377\/hlthaff.28.2.345.","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"key":"266_CR20","volume-title":"Achieving Meaningful EHR Use: Leveraging Community Structures","author":"F Mostashari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mostashari F, Tripathi M: Achieving Meaningful EHR Use: Leveraging Community Structures. 2009, Oakland, CA: California Health Care Foundation, [\n                    http:\/\/www.ihealthbeat.org\/Perspectives\/2009\/Achieving-Meaningful-EHR-Use-Leveraging-Community-Structures.aspx\n                    \n                  ]"},{"issue":"1","key":"266_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7.1.e1","volume":"7","author":"H Oh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oh H, Rizo C, Enkin M, Jadad A: What Is eHealth (3): a systematic review of published definitions. Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2005, 7 (1): e1-10.2196\/jmir.7.1.e1.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"key":"266_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2001.0080199","volume":"8","author":"S Bakken","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bakken S: An informatics infrastructure is essential for evidence-based practice. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 2001, 8: 199-201.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"266_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-5-199703010-00008","volume":"126","author":"C Mulrow","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mulrow C, Cook D, Davidoff F: Systematic reviews: critical links in the great chain of evidence. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1997, 126: 389-391.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"266_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-5-1","volume":"5","author":"M Dawes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dawes M, Summerskill W, Glasziou P, Cartabellotta A, Martin J, Hopayian K, Porzsolt F, Burls A, Osborne J: Sicily statement on evidence-based practice. BMC Medical Education. 2005, 5 (1): 1-10.1186\/1472-6920-5-1.","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"266_CR25","volume-title":"Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials, Fourth Edition","author":"R Fletcher","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fletcher R, Fletcher S: Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials, Fourth Edition. 2005, Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins"},{"key":"266_CR26","volume-title":"Comparative Effectiveness Research","author":"Anonymous","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anonymous: Comparative Effectiveness Research. 2008, Washington, DC: Academy Health"},{"key":"266_CR27","first-page":"303","volume-title":"AMIA Annu Symp Proc","author":"W Hersh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hersh W, Wright A: What workforce is needed to implement the health information technology agenda? An analysis from the HIMSS Analytics\u2122 Database. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2008, 303-307."},{"issue":"11","key":"266_CR28","first-page":"87","volume":"130","author":"A Dohm","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dohm A, Shniper L: Occupational employment projections to 2016. Monthly Labor Review. 2007, 130 (11): 87-125. [\n                    http:\/\/www.bls.gov\/opub\/mlr\/2007\/11\/art5full.pdf\n                    \n                  ]","journal-title":"Monthly Labor Review"},{"key":"266_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2007.01.003","volume":"76","author":"W Hersh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hersh W, Williamson J: Educating 10,000 informaticians by 2010: the AMIA 10\u00d710 program. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2007, 76: 377-382. 10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2007.01.003.","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"266_CR30","volume-title":"Building the Health Informatics Workforce","author":"C Friedman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Friedman C: Building the Health Informatics Workforce. 2008, Sacramento, CA: University of California Davis Invited Presentation, [\n                    http:\/\/www.cs.uwaterloo.ca\/health_info\/health_docs\/CurriculaMASTERDocumentVersion1Final.zip\n                    \n                  ]"},{"key":"266_CR31","volume-title":"Pointing the Way: Competencies and Curricula in Health Informatics","author":"H Covvey","year":"2001","unstructured":"Covvey H, Zitner D, Bernstein R: Pointing the Way: Competencies and Curricula in Health Informatics. 2001, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: University of Waterloo"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T09:02:19Z","timestamp":1548147739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-9-24","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1168290.630450","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"article-number":"24"}}