{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:06:24Z","timestamp":1770739584011,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]],"date-time":"2011-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317686400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Health Serv Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To describe implementation and first-year screening results of the first Chinese telehealth system for diabetic retinopathy (DR) - the Beixinjing Community Diabetic Retinopathy Telehealth system (BCDRT).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>BCDRT implementation was based on the acquisition of adequate digital retinographs, secure digital transmission, storage and retrieval of participants' data and reader-generated medical reports. Local diabetic residents meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled into the BCDRT system beginning in 2009. Participants recommended for further in-person examination with ophthalmologists were followed, and the consistencies in diagnoses between BCDRT and ophthalmologists for DR or macular edema were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 471 diabetic residents participated in BCDRT screening in 2009. The proportions of total DR, proliferative DR, and diabetic macular edema were 24.42% (115 patients), 2.12% (10 patients) and 6.47% (24 patients), respectively: 56 patients consulted ophthalmologists for further in-person retinal examination with funduscopy after pupil dilation. High rates of consistency between BCDRT screening and ophthalmologists were observed for macular edema (Kappa = 0.81), moderate or severe non-proliferative DR grade (Kappa = 0.92), and other DR grades (Kappa = 1). A total of 456 (96.82%) patients were willing to participate in the next BCDRT screening.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>BCDRT was a reliable and valid system for DR screening, and offers the potential to increase DR annual screening rates in local residents.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,5]],"date-time":"2011-10-05T00:30:30Z","timestamp":1317774630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Implementation and first-year screening results of an ocular telehealth system for diabetic retinopathy in China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jinjuan","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuelin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1791_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01405.x","volume":"7","author":"World Health Organization\/International Foundation Europe","year":"1990","unstructured":"World Health Organization\/International Foundation Europe: Diabetes care and research in Europe: the Saint-Vincent declaration. Diabetic Med. 1990, 7: 360.","journal-title":"Diabetic Med"},{"key":"1791_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1509","volume":"30","author":"CR Taylor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taylor CR, Merin LM, Salunga AM, Hepworth JT, Crutcher TD, O'Day DM, Pilon BA: Improving diabetic retinopathy screening ratios using telemedicine-based digital retinal imaging technology The Vine Hill Study. Diabetes Care. 2007, 30: 574-578. 10.2337\/dc06-1509.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1791_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908292","volume":"362","author":"W Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang W, Lu J, Weng J, Jia W, Ji L, Xiao J, Shan Z, Liu J, Tian H, Ji Q, Zhu D, Ge J, Lin L, Chen L, Guo X, Zhao Z, Li Q, Zhou Z, Shan G, He J: China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group: Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China. N Engl J Med. 2010, 362: 1090-1101. 10.1056\/NEJMoa0908292.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1791_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1159\/000109276","volume":"222","author":"N Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang N, Xu X, Zou H, Zhu J, Wang W, Ho P: The status of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in patients with type 2 diabetes: a survey from Beixinjing District of Shanghai city in China. Ophthalmologica. 2008, 222: 32-36. 10.1159\/000109276.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"1791_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0884-6","volume":"246","author":"XW Xie","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xie XW, Xu L, Wang YX, Jonas JB: Prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy. The Beijing Eye Study 2006. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008, 246: 1519-1526. 10.1007\/s00417-008-0884-6.","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1791_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2004.10.469","volume":"10","author":"ATAreport","year":"2004","unstructured":"ATAreport: Telehealth Practice Recommendations for diabetic retinopathy. Telemed J E-Health. 2004, 10: 469-482.","journal-title":"Telemed J E-Health"},{"key":"1791_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2006.12.89","volume":"12","author":"I Zimmer-Galler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zimmer-Galler I, Zeimer R: Original research results of implementation of the DigiScope for diabetic retinopathy assessment in the Primary Care Environment. Telemed J E-Health. 2006, 12: 89-98. 10.1089\/tmj.2006.12.89.","journal-title":"Telemed J E-Health"},{"key":"1791_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680900300315","volume":"3","author":"J Cuadros","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cuadros J, Bresnick G: EyePACS. an adaptable telemedicine system for diabetic retinopathy screening. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2009, 3: 509-516.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"1791_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2007.12.006","volume":"34","author":"P Massin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Massin P, Chabouis A, Erginay A, Viens-Bitker C, Lecleire-Collet A, Meas T, Guillausseau PJ, Choupot G, Andr\u00e9 B, Denormandie P: OPHDIAT\u00a9: A telemedical network screening system for diabetic retinopathy in the \u00cele-de-France. Diabetes Metab. 2008, 34: 227-234. 10.1016\/j.diabet.2007.12.006.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"1791_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.8.1384","volume":"25","author":"F G\u00f3mez-Ulla","year":"2002","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Ulla F, Fernandez MI, Gonzalez F, Rey P, Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Cid MJ, Casanueva FF, Tome MA, Garcia-Tobio J, Gude F: Digital retinal images and teleophthalmology for detecting and grading diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care. 2002, 25: 1384-1389. 10.2337\/diacare.25.8.1384.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1791_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.3.345","volume":"23","author":"B Liesenfeld","year":"2000","unstructured":"Liesenfeld B, Kohner E, Piehlmeier W, Kluthe S, Aldington S, Porta M, Bek T, Obermaier M, Mayer H, Mann G, Holle R, Hepp KD: A telemedical approach to the screening of diabetic retinopathy: Digital fundus photography. Diabetes Care. 2000, 23: 345-348. 10.2337\/diacare.23.3.345.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1791_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01512.x","volume":"22","author":"S Schneider","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schneider S, Aldington SJ, Kohner EM, Luzio S, Owens DR, Schmidt V, Schuell H, Zahlmann G: Quality assurance for diabetic retinopathy telescreening. Diabetic Med. 2005, 22: 794-802. 10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01512.x.","journal-title":"Diabetic Med"},{"key":"1791_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1258\/135763306776738639","volume":"12","author":"P Kumari Rani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kumari Rani P, Raman R, Manikandan M, Mahajan S, Paul PG, Sharma T: Patient satisfaction with tele-ophthalmology versus ophthalmologist-based screening in diabetic retinopathy. J Telemed Telecare. 2006, 12: 159-160. 10.1258\/135763306776738639.","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"1791_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.151357","volume":"93","author":"JN Ulrich","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ulrich JN, Poudyal G, Marks SJ, Vrabec TR, Marks B, Thapa AB, Shresta MK, Ruit S, Federman JL: Ocular telemedicine between Nepal and the USA: prevalence of vitreoretinal disease in rural Nepal. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009, 93: 698-699. 10.1136\/bjo.2008.151357.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1791_CR15","first-page":"258","volume":"46","author":"JJ Peng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Peng JJ, Zou HD, Wang WW, Fu J, Shen BJ, Xu X, Zhang X, Zhao NQ, Yu YF: The application study of community-based tele-screening system for diabetic retinopathy in Beixinjing Blocks, Shanghai. [Article in Chinese]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2010, 46: 258-262.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"1791_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050867","volume":"41","author":"RL Gibbins","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gibbins RL, Owens DR, Allen JC, Eastman L: Practical application of the European Field Guide in screening for diabetic retinopathy by using ophthalmoscopy and 35 mm retinal slides. Diabetologia. 1998, 41: 59-64. 10.1007\/s001250050867.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"1791_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00475-5","volume":"110","author":"CP Wilkinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilkinson CP, Ferris FL, Klein RE, Lee PP, Agardh CD, Davis M, Dills D, Kampik A, Pararajasegaram R, Verdaguer JT: Global Diabetic Retinopathy Project Group: Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. Ophthalmology. 2003, 110: 1677-1682. 10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00475-5.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1791_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00010-X","volume":"107","author":"GH Bresnick","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bresnick GH, Mukamel DB, Dickinson JC, Cole DR: A screening approach to the surveillance of patients with diabetes for the presence of vision-threatening retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2000, 107: 19-24. 10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00010-X.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1791_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.10.2448","volume":"28","author":"PH Scanlon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Scanlon PH, Foy C, Malhotra R, Aldington SJ: The Influence of Age, Duration of Diabetes, Cataract, and Pupil Size on Image Quality in Digital Photographic Retinal Screening. Diabetes Care. 2005, 28: 2448-2453. 10.2337\/diacare.28.10.2448.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1791_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0295","volume":"29","author":"J Ahmed","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ahmed J, Aiello LM, Ward TP, Cavallerano JD, Bursell SE, Vigersky RA: The sensitivity and specificity of nonmydriatic digital stereoscopic retinal imaging in detecting diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care. 2006, 29: 2205-2209. 10.2337\/dc06-0295.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"1791_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680700100411","volume":"1","author":"HM Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim HM, Lowery JC, Kurtz R: Accuracy of Digital Images for Assessing Diabetic Retinopathy. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. 2007, 1: 531-539.","journal-title":"Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology"},{"key":"1791_CR22","volume-title":"A British Diabetic Association Report","author":"Working Party of the British Diabetic Association","year":"1997","unstructured":"Working Party of the British Diabetic Association: Retinal photography screening for diabetic eye disease. A British Diabetic Association Report. 1997"},{"key":"1791_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.10.064","volume":"139","author":"AA Cavallerano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cavallerano AA, Cavallerano JD, Katalinic P, Blake B, Rynne M, Conlin PR, Hock K, Tolson AM, Aiello LP, Aiello LM, the Joslin Vision Network Research Team: A telemedicine program for diabetic retinopathy in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center: the Joslin Vision Network Eye Health Care Model. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005, 139: 597-604. 10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.10.064.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1791_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2006.12.50","volume":"12","author":"JC Wei","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wei JC, Valentino DJ, Bell DS, Baker R: A web-based telemedicine system for diabetic retinopathy screening using digital fundus photography. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2006, 12: 50-57. 10.1089\/tmj.2006.12.50.","journal-title":"Telemedicine and e-Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Health Services Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T17:23:34Z","timestamp":1630517014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1791"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6963-11-250","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 January 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"250"}}