{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:30:30Z","timestamp":1785886230235,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]],"date-time":"2009-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Int Health Hum Rights"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1472-698x-9-31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T11:30:59Z","timestamp":1259667059000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Household exposure to violence and human rights violations in western Bangladesh (II): history of torture and other traumatic experience of violence and functional assessment of victims"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Shr-Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Akramul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saber-ud-Daula","family":"Masum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuvodwip","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Modvig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9132","key":"87_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05049-1","volume":"352","author":"S Mirzaei","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mirzaei S, Knoll P, Lipp RW, Wenzel T, Koriska K, Kohn H: Bone scintigraphy in screening of torture survivors. Lancet. 1998, 352 (9132): 949-951. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05049-1.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540050035020","volume":"276","author":"DS Nice","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nice DS, Garland CF, Hilton SM, Baggett JC, Mitchell RE: Long-term health outcomes and medical effects of torture among US Navy prisoners of war in Vietnam. JAMA. 1996, 276 (5): 375-381. 10.1001\/jama.276.5.375.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510050047025","volume":"270","author":"RF Mollica","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mollica RF, Donelan K, Tor S, Lavelle J, Elias C, Frankel M, Blendon RJ: The effect of trauma and confinement on functional health and mental health status of Cambodians living in Thailand-Cambodia border camps. JAMA. 1993, 270 (5): 581-586. 10.1001\/jama.270.5.581.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"18","key":"87_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03720180051032","volume":"259","author":"AE Goldfeld","year":"1988","unstructured":"Goldfeld AE, Mollica RF, Pesavento BH, Faraone SV: The physical and psychological sequelae of torture. Symptomatology and diagnosis. JAMA. 1988, 259 (18): 2725-2729. 10.1001\/jama.259.18.2725.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.8.1.57","volume":"8","author":"HA Chotani","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chotani HA, Razzak JA, Luby SP: Patterns of violence in Karachi, Pakistan. Inj Prev. 2002, 8 (1): 57-59. 10.1136\/ip.8.1.57.","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"issue":"4","key":"87_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.116.4.734","volume":"116","author":"A Rasmussen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rasmussen A, Rosenfeld B, Reeves K, Keller AS: The effects of torture-related injuries on long-term psychological distress in a Punjabi Sikh sample. J Abnorm Psychol. 2007, 116 (4): 734-740. 10.1037\/0021-843X.116.4.734.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"87_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOIH.0000045255.64395.d1","volume":"6","author":"A Moreno","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moreno A, Peel M: Posttraumatic seizures in survivors of torture: manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. J Immigr Health. 2004, 6 (4): 179-186. 10.1023\/B:JOIH.0000045255.64395.d1.","journal-title":"J Immigr Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR8","first-page":"41","volume":"16","author":"L Bradley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bradley L, Tawfiq N: The physical and psychological effects of torture in Kurds seeking asylum in the United Kingdom. Torture. 2006, 16 (1): 41-47.","journal-title":"Torture"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(88)90113-2","volume":"39","author":"HP Hougen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hougen HP: Physical and psychological sequelae to torture. A controlled clinical study of exiled asylum applicants. Forensic Sci Int. 1988, 39 (1): 5-11. 10.1016\/0379-0738(88)90113-2.","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"187","author":"J Missliwetz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Missliwetz J, Denk W: [Maltreatment by police officers?]. Arch Kriminol. 1991, 187 (2): 1-12.","journal-title":"Arch Kriminol"},{"key":"87_CR11","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Judge, jury, and executioner: torture and extrajudicial killings by Bangladesh's elite security force","author":"Human Rights Watch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch: Judge, jury, and executioner: torture and extrajudicial killings by Bangladesh's elite security force. 2006, 18 (16 c): 79-"},{"key":"87_CR12","volume-title":"Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights","author":"Asian Legal Resource Center and Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC)","year":"2006","unstructured":"Asian Legal Resource Center and Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC): Lawless law-enforcement and the parody of judiciary in Bangladesh. Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. 2006, Hong Kong: Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC), 5:"},{"key":"87_CR13","volume-title":"Binghamton;","author":"DL Cingranelli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cingranelli DL, Richards DL: The Cingranelli-Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Dataset. Binghamton;. 2009"},{"key":"87_CR14","volume-title":"Political Terror Scale 1976-2008","author":"M Gibney","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gibney M, Cornett L, Wood R: Political Terror Scale 1976-2008. 2009"},{"key":"87_CR15","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Guideline for conducting community surveys on injury and violence","author":"D Sethi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sethi D, Habibula S, McGee K, Peden M, Bennett S, Hyder AA, Klevens J, Odero W, Suriyawongpaisal P: Guideline for conducting community surveys on injury and violence. 2004, Geneva: World Health Organization, 151-"},{"key":"87_CR16","unstructured":"Wang SJ, Modvig J, Montgomery E: Household exposure to violence and human rights violations in western Bangladesh (I): prevalence, risk factors and consequences. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2009, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, EPFL, 9 (1): 29-10.1186\/1472-698X-9-29."},{"key":"87_CR17","unstructured":"International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). [\n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/classifications\/icfbrowser\/\n                    \n                  ]"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.08.007","volume":"24","author":"K Norman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Norman K, Schutz T, Kemps M, Josef Lubke H, Lochs H, Pirlich M: The Subjective Global Assessment reliably identifies malnutrition-related muscle dysfunction. Clin Nutr. 2005, 24 (1): 143-150. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.08.007.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.03.008","volume":"27","author":"MB Budziareck","year":"2008","unstructured":"Budziareck MB, Pureza Duarte RR, Barbosa-Silva MC: Reference values and determinants for handgrip strength in healthy subjects. Clin Nutr. 2008, 27 (3): 357-362. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.03.008.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2005.01.002","volume":"24","author":"ST Hornby","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hornby ST, Nunes QM, Hillman TE, Stanga Z, Neal KR, Rowlands BJ, Allison SP, Lobo DN: Relationships between structural and functional measures of nutritional status in a normally nourished population. Clin Nutr. 2005, 24 (3): 421-426. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2005.01.002.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"87_CR21","volume-title":"Clinical Assessment Recommendations","author":"EE Fess","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fess EE: Clinical Assessment Recommendations. 1992, Chicago: American Society of Hand Therapists, 2","edition":"2"},{"issue":"11","key":"87_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802412","volume":"27","author":"A Misra","year":"2003","unstructured":"Misra A: Revisions of cut-offs of body mass index to define overweight and obesity are needed for the Asian-ethnic groups. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003, 27 (11): 1294-1296. 10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802412.","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"87_CR23","volume-title":"Singapore;","author":"Singapore Ministry of Health and Health Promotion Board","year":"2005","unstructured":"Singapore Ministry of Health and Health Promotion Board: Revision of body mass index (BMI) cut-offs in Singapore. Singapore;. 2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.45.365","volume":"45","author":"S Gangopadhyay","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gangopadhyay S, Ghosh T, Das T, Ghoshal G, Das BB: Prevalence of upper limb musculo skeletal disorders among brass metal workers in West Bengal, India. Ind Health. 2007, 45 (2): 365-370. 10.2486\/indhealth.45.365.","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"key":"87_CR25","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Making international commitments a reality and providing justice and reparations to victims","author":"The Redress Trust","year":"2004","unstructured":"The Redress Trust: Torture in Bangladesh 1971-2004. Making international commitments a reality and providing justice and reparations to victims. 2004, London: The European initiative for democracy and human rights, 45-"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1080\/09700161.2005.12049817","volume":"29","author":"D Sreeradha","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sreeradha D: Political violence in Bangladesh: trends and causes. Strategic Analysis. 2005, 29 (3): 427-447.","journal-title":"Strategic Analysis"},{"key":"87_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9781403973696","volume-title":"Agents of Atrocity","author":"N Mitchell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mitchell N: Agents of Atrocity. 2004, New York: Palgrave Macmillan"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcfm.2006.05.010","volume":"14","author":"P Perera","year":"2007","unstructured":"Perera P: Physical methods of torture and their sequelae: a Sri Lankan perspective. J Forensic Leg Med. 2007, 14 (3): 146-150. 10.1016\/j.jcfm.2006.05.010.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR29","first-page":"16","volume":"15","author":"E Edston","year":"2005","unstructured":"Edston E: Police torture in Bangladesh-allegations by refugees in Sweden. Torture. 2005, 15 (1): 16-24.","journal-title":"Torture"},{"key":"87_CR30","volume-title":"No escape - Male rape in U.S. prisons","author":"J Mariner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mariner J: No escape - Male rape in U.S. prisons. 2001, New York: Human Rights Watch"},{"issue":"9220","key":"87_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02368-0","volume":"355","author":"M Peel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Peel M, Mahtani A, Hinshelwood G, Forrest D: The sexual abuse of men in detention in Sri Lanka. Lancet. 2000, 355 (9220): 2069-2070. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02368-0.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"23","key":"87_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)23115-9","volume":"12","author":"P Oosterhoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oosterhoff P, Zwanikken P, Ketting E: Sexual torture of men in Croatia and other conflict situations: an open secret. Reprod Health Matters. 2004, 12 (23): 68-77. 10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)23115-9.","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR33","first-page":"27","volume":"17","author":"HM Zawati","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zawati HM: Impunity or immunity: wartime male rape and sexual torture as a crime against humanity. Torture. 2007, 17 (1): 27-47.","journal-title":"Torture"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.6.676","volume":"300","author":"K Johnson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Johnson K, Asher J, Rosborough S, Raja A, Panjabi R, Beadling C, Lawry L: Association of combatant status and sexual violence with health and mental health outcomes in post-conflict Liberia. JAMA. 2008, 300 (6): 676-690. 10.1001\/jama.300.6.676.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343307082058","volume":"44","author":"CK Butler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Butler CK, Gluch T, Mitchell N: Security forces and sexual violence: a cross-national analysis of a principal-agent argument. Journal of Peace Research. 2007, 44 (6): 669-686. 10.1177\/0022343307082058.","journal-title":"Journal of Peace Research"},{"key":"87_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2004.12","volume":"4","author":"D Alperovitch-Najenson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alperovitch-Najenson D, Carmeli E, Coleman R, Ring H: Handgrip strength as a diagnostic tool in work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders in women. ScientificWorldJournal. 2004, 4: 111-117.","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR37","first-page":"69","volume":"66","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Kashman N, Volland G, Weber K, Dowe M, Rogers S: Grip and pinch strength: normative data for adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1985, 66 (2): 69-74.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"87_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.40.10.705","volume":"40","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Wiemer DM, Federman SM: Grip and pinch strength: norms for 6- to 19-year-olds. Am J Occup Ther. 1986, 40 (10): 705-711.","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007308719731","volume":"13","author":"N Chau","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chau N, Petry D, Bourgkard E, Huguenin P, Remy E, Andre JM: Comparison between estimates of hand volume and hand strengths with sex and age with and without anthropometric data in healthy working people. Eur J Epidemiol. 1997, 13 (3): 309-316. 10.1023\/A:1007308719731.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"87_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2008.01.008","volume":"33","author":"CM Gunther","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gunther CM, Burger A, Rickert M, Crispin A, Schulz CU: Grip strength in healthy Caucasian adults: reference values. J Hand Surg [Am]. 2008, 33 (4): 558-565. 10.1016\/j.jhsa.2008.01.008.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg [Am]"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50055.x","volume":"50","author":"MM McDermott","year":"2002","unstructured":"McDermott MM, Greenland P, Ferrucci L, Criqui MH, Liu K, Sharma L, Chan C, Celic L, Priyanath A, Guralnik JM: Lower extremity performance is associated with daily life physical activity in individuals with and without peripheral arterial disease. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002, 50 (2): 247-255. 10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50055.x.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"87_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503023320902","volume":"332","author":"JM Guralnik","year":"1995","unstructured":"Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM, Salive ME, Wallace RB: Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability. N Engl J Med. 1995, 332 (9): 556-561. 10.1056\/NEJM199503023320902.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3143\/geriatrics.39.197","volume":"39","author":"H Shimada","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shimada H, Uchiyama Y, Kakurai S: [Relationship between lifestyle activities and physical functions in elderly persons utilizing care facilities]. Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 2002, 39 (2): 197-203.","journal-title":"Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi"},{"issue":"16","key":"87_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280500030506","volume":"27","author":"EL Barr","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barr EL, Browning C, Lord SR, Menz HB, Kendig H: Foot and leg problems are important determinants of functional status in community dwelling older people. Disabil Rehabil. 2005, 27 (16): 917-923. 10.1080\/09638280500030506.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"87_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00259-8","volume":"52","author":"V Cattell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cattell V: Poor people, poor places, and poor health: the mediating role of social networks and social capital. Soc Sci Med. 2001, 52 (10): 1501-1516. 10.1016\/S0277-9536(00)00259-8.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"87_CR46","first-page":"115","volume-title":"What works in developing children's emotional and social competence and well-being?","author":"K Weare","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weare K, Gray G: What works in developing children's emotional and social competence and well-being?. 2003, Southampton, UK: The Health Education Unit, Research and Graduate School of Education, University of Southampton, 115-"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2190\/7A1A-8HCE-0FD9-7CTX","volume":"58","author":"JJ Schroots","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schroots JJ, van Dijkum C, Assink MH: Autobiographical memory from a life span perspective. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2004, 58 (1): 69-85. 10.2190\/7A1A-8HCE-0FD9-7CTX.","journal-title":"Int J Aging Hum Dev"}],"container-title":["BMC International Health and Human Rights"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-698X-9-31\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-698X-9-31.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-698X-9-31","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-698X-9-31.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T05:48:38Z","timestamp":1548222518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcinthealthhumrights.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-698X-9-31"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["87"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-698x-9-31","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-698X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-698X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]]},"article-number":"31"}}