{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T16:47:12Z","timestamp":1786812432032,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Diabetol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective and design<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>YKL-40 is involved in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, and is increased in patients with type 1 diabetes, with an independent association between increasing YKL-40 levels and increasing levels of albuminuria. YKL-40 is associated with atherosclerosis and an increased cardiovascular mortality in the general population. In the present study YKL-40 levels were examined in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with increasing levels of albuminuria, known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>One-hundred-five patients with T2D were examined: 49 with normoalbuminuria (N, U-albumin\/creatinine &lt; 2.5 mg\/mmol), 35 with persistent microalbuminuria (MA, 2.5-25 mg\/mmol) and 21 with persistent macroalbuminuria\/diabetic nephropathy (DN, &gt; 25 mg\/mmol). The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals (C). Groups were matched according to age, gender and known duration of diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Median levels (interquartile range) of serum YKL-40 were significantly higher in N and MA vs. C (86 (55-137) ng\/ml and 84 (71-147) ng\/ml, respectively vs. 41 (33-55) ng\/ml, p &lt; 0.01) and even higher in patients with DN (120 (83-220) ng\/ml, p &lt; 0.001 for all comparisons). YKL-40 levels correlated with urinary albumin\/creatinine-ratio in the total group of participants (r = 0.41, p &lt; 0.001). Significant intercorrelations of YKL-40 were found with age, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, lipid levels, HbA1c and HOMA-IR. After adjustment for significant covariates, albuminuria was significantly associated with YKL-40 levels (r = 0.32, p = 0.006).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>YKL-40 levels are elevated in patients with T2D with an independent association between increasing YKL-40 levels and increasing levels of albuminuria. The study suggests a role of YKL-40 in the progressing vascular complications in patients with T2D.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-54","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]],"date-time":"2011-06-22T18:24:37Z","timestamp":1308767077000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["YKL-40 levels are independently associated with albuminuria in type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anne K","family":"R\u00f8ndbjerg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emina","family":"Omerovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"368_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00712.x","volume":"63","author":"AI Adler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Adler AI, Stevens RJ, Manley SE, Bilous RW, Cull CA, Holman RR: Development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 64). 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