{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:28:41Z","timestamp":1791066521408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Diabetol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The most common apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene polymorphism has been found to influence plasma lipid concentration and its correlation with coronary artery disease (CAD) has been extensively investigated in the last decade. It is, however, unclear whether apoE gene polymorphism is also associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The knowledge of this study may provide the primary prevention for T2DM and CAD development before its initiation and progression. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the association between apoE gene polymorphism and T2DM with and without CAD and its role in lipid metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The case-control study was carried out on a total of 451 samples including 149 normal control subjects, 155 subjects with T2DM, and 147 subjects with T2DM complicated with CAD. The apoE gene polymorphism was tested by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the possible risks of T2DM and CAD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A significantly increased frequency of E3\/E4 genotype was observed only in T2DM with CAD group (p = 0.0004), whereas the \u03b54 allele was significantly higher in both T2DM (p = 0.047) and T2DM with CAD (p = 0.009) as compared with controls. E3\/E4 genotype was also the independent risk in developing CAD after adjusting with established risk factors with adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.52 (95%CI 1.28-4.97, p = 0.008). The independent predictor of individuals carrying \u03b54 allele still remained significantly associated with both CAD (adjusted OR 2.32, 95%CI 1.17-4.61, p = 0.016) and T2DM (adjusted OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.07-3.86, p = 0.029). After simultaneously examining the joint association of E3\/E4 genotype combined with either obesity or smoking the risk increased to approximately 5-fold in T2DM (adjusted OR 4.93, 95%CI 1.74-13.98, p = 0.003) and 10-fold in CAD (adjusted OR 10.48, 95%CI 3.56-30.79, p &lt; 0.0001). The association between apoE genotypes on plasma lipid levels was compared between E3\/E3 as a reference and E4-bearing genotypes. E4-bearing genotypes showed lower HDL-C and higher VLDL-C and TG, whereas other values of plasma lipid concentrations showed no significant difference.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These results indicate that \u03b54 allele has influence on lipid profiles and is associated with the development of both T2DM with and without CAD, and furthermore, it increased the risk among the subjects with obesity and\/or smoking, the conditions associated with high oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-36","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]],"date-time":"2012-04-23T06:14:14Z","timestamp":1335161654000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism: effects on plasma lipids and risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atip","family":"Likidlilid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thavatchai","family":"Peerapatdit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damras","family":"Tresukosol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorachai","family":"Srisuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suphachai","family":"Ratanamaneechat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charn","family":"Sriratanasathavorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"464_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.9.1414","volume":"21","author":"H King","year":"1998","unstructured":"King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH: Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care. 1998, 21: 1414-1431. 10.2337\/diacare.21.9.1414.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"464_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2758","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.10.2758","volume":"26","author":"W Aekplakorn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aekplakorn W, Stolk RP, Neal B, Suriyawongpaisal P, Chongsuvivatwong V, Cheepudomwit S, Woodward M: The prevalence and management of diabetes in Thai adults: the international collaborative study of cardiovascular disease in Asia. Diabetes Care. 2003, 26: 2758-2763. 10.2337\/diacare.26.10.2758.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"464_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1411543","volume":"258","author":"SH Zhang","year":"1992","unstructured":"Zhang SH, Reddick RL, Piedrahita JA, Maeda N: Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E. Science. 1992, 258: 468-471. 10.1126\/science.1411543.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"464_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90362-G","volume":"71","author":"AS Plump","year":"1992","unstructured":"Plump AS, Smith JD, Hayek T, Aalto-Setala K, Walsh A, Verstuyft JG, Rubin EM, Breslow JL: Severe hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice created by homologous recombination in ES cells. Cell. 1992, 71: 343-353. 10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90362-G.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"464_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19686","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019686","volume":"6","author":"Y Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Y, Li X, Shi L, Yang M, Yang Y, Tao W, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Yao Y: Association of adiponectin SNP + 45 and SNP + 276 with type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese populations: a meta-analysis of 26 case-control studies. PLoS One. 2011, 6: e19686-10.1371\/journal.pone.0019686.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"464_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-10-9","volume":"10","author":"HM Zeljko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zeljko HM, Skaric-Juric T, Narancic NS, Tomas Z, Baresic A, Salihovic MP, Starcevic B, Janicijevic B: E2 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism is predictive for obesity status in Roma minority population of Croatia. Lipids Health Dis. 2011, 10: 9-10.1186\/1476-511X-10-9.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"464_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21625","volume":"114","author":"S Furukawa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, Iwaki M, Yamada Y, Nakajima Y, Nakayama O, Makishima M, Matsuda M, Shimomura I: Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2004, 114: 1752-1761.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"464_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.32.s3.3.x","volume":"32","author":"G Boden","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boden G, Shulman GI: Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Eur J Clin Invest. 2002, 32 (Suppl 3): 14-23.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"464_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181799d45","volume":"109","author":"JA Martyn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martyn JA, Kaneki M, Yasuhara S: Obesity-induced insulin resistance and hyperglycemia: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. Anesthesiology. 2008, 109: 137-148. 10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181799d45.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"464_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0039","volume":"23","author":"JL Evans","year":"2002","unstructured":"Evans JL, Goldfine ID, Maddux BA, Grodsky GM: Oxidative stress and stress-activated signaling pathways: a unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev. 2002, 23: 599-622. 10.1210\/er.2001-0039.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"464_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2005","volume":"5","author":"SM Grundy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grundy SM: Drug therapy of the metabolic syndrome: minimizing the emerging crisis in polypharmacy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006, 5: 295-309. 10.1038\/nrd2005.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"464_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genom.1.1.507","volume":"1","author":"RW Mahley","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mahley RW, Rall SC: Apolipoprotein E: far more than a lipid transport protein. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2000, 1: 507-537. 10.1146\/annurev.genom.1.1.507.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet"},{"key":"464_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460600594513","volume":"33","author":"PP Singh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh PP, Singh M, Mastana SS: APOE distribution in world populations with new data from India and the UK. Ann Hum Biol. 2006, 33: 279-308. 10.1080\/03014460600594513.","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"464_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/41.8.1068","volume":"41","author":"G Siest","year":"1995","unstructured":"Siest G, Pillot T, Regis-Bailly A, Leininger-Muller B, Steinmetz J, Galteau MM, Visvikis S: Apolipoprotein E: an important gene and protein to follow in laboratory medicine. Clin Chem. 1995, 41: 1068-1086.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"464_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6172","volume":"103","author":"C Knouff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Knouff C, Hinsdale ME, Mezdour H, Altenburg MK, Watanabe M, Quarfordt SH, Sullivan PM, Maeda N: Apo E structure determines VLDL clearance and atherosclerosis risk in mice. J Clin Invest. 1999, 103: 1579-1586. 10.1172\/JCI6172.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"464_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.02.015","volume":"175","author":"X Guang-da","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guang-da X, You-ying L, Zhi-song C, Yu-sheng H, Xiang-jiu Y: Apolipoprotein e4 allele is predictor of coronary artery disease death in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis. 2004, 175: 77-81. 10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.02.015.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"464_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.10.1250","volume":"16","author":"PW Wilson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wilson PW, Schaefer EJ, Larson MG, Ordovas JM: Apolipoprotein E alleles and risk of coronary disease. A meta-analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996, 16: 1250-1255. 10.1161\/01.ATV.16.10.1250.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"464_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)41611-6","volume":"33","author":"J Dallongeville","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dallongeville J, Lussier-Cacan S, Davignon J: Modulation of plasma triglyceride levels by apoE phenotype: a meta-analysis. J Lipid Res. 1992, 33: 447-454.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"464_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/27.3.405","volume":"27","author":"P Tatsanavivat","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tatsanavivat P, Klungboonkrong V, Chirawatkul A, Bhuripanyo K, Manmontri A, Chitanondh H, Yipintsoi T: Prevalence of coronary heart disease and major cardiovascular risk factors in Thailand. Int J Epidemiol. 1998, 27: 405-409. 10.1093\/ije\/27.3.405.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"464_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047","volume":"27","author":"S Wild","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H: Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care. 2004, 27: 1047-1053. 10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"464_CR21","unstructured":"The Asia-Pacific Perspective: Redefining obesity and its treatment. 2000, World Health Organization: WHO western pacific region, 1-56."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"464_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-S062","volume":"33","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2010","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2010, 33 (Suppl 1): S62-S69.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"464_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/40.1.24","volume":"40","author":"P Richard","year":"1994","unstructured":"Richard P, Thomas G, de Zulueta MP, De Gennes JL, Thomas M, Cassaigne A, Bereziat G, Iron A: Common and rare genotypes of human apolipoprotein E determined by specific restriction profiles of polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA. Clin Chem. 1994, 40: 24-29.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"464_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.6.499","volume":"18","author":"WT Friedewald","year":"1972","unstructured":"Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS: Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972, 18: 499-502.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"464_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-20","volume":"10","author":"MP Hermans","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hermans MP, Sacks FM, Ahn SA, Rousseau MF: Non-HDL-cholesterol as valid surrogate to apolipoprotein B100 measurement in diabetes: Discriminant Ratio and unbiased equivalence. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2011, 10: 20-10.1186\/1475-2840-10-20.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"464_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2004.04.004","volume":"88","author":"RM Krauss","year":"2004","unstructured":"Krauss RM, Siri PW: Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. Med Clin North Am. 2004, 88: 897-909. 10.1016\/j.mcna.2004.04.004. x","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"464_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3395","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043383188","volume":"10","author":"AJ Jenkins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jenkins AJ, Rowley KG, Lyons TJ, Best JD, Hill MA, Klein RL: Lipoproteins and diabetic microvascular complications. Curr Pharm Des. 2004, 10: 3395-3418. 10.2174\/1381612043383188.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"464_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S373","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-S343","volume":"32","author":"R Bitzur","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bitzur R, Cohen H, Kamari Y, Shaish A, Harats D: Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol: stars or second leads in diabetes?. Diabetes Care. 2009, 32 (Suppl 2): S373-S377.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"464_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1684-1","volume":"53","author":"RA DeFronzo","year":"2010","unstructured":"DeFronzo RA: Insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis: the missing links. The Claude Bernard Lecture 2009. Diabetologia. 2010, 53: 1270-1287. 10.1007\/s00125-010-1684-1.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"464_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet1066","volume":"5","author":"AD Mooradian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mooradian AD: Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2009, 5: 150-159. 10.1038\/ncpendmet1066.","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"464_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.6.487","volume":"155","author":"JE Eichner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eichner JE, Dunn ST, Perveen G, Thompson DM, Stewart KE, Stroehla BC: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and cardiovascular disease: a HuGE review. Am J Epidemiol. 2002, 155: 487-495. 10.1093\/aje\/155.6.487.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"464_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90732-R","volume":"71","author":"JE Eichner","year":"1993","unstructured":"Eichner JE, Kuller LH, Orchard TJ, Grandits GA, McCallum LM, Ferrell RE, Neaton JD: Relation of apolipoprotein E phenotype to myocardial infarction and mortality from coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1993, 71: 160-165. 10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90732-R.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"464_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93288-X","volume":"340","author":"FM van Bockxmeer","year":"1992","unstructured":"van Bockxmeer FM, Mamotte CD: Apolipoprotein epsilon 4 homozygosity in young men with coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1992, 340: 879-880. 10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93288-X.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"464_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.9.2.237","volume":"9","author":"T Kuusi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kuusi T, Nieminen MS, Ehnholm C, Yki-Jarvinen H, Valle M, Nikkila EA, Taskinen MR: Apoprotein E polymorphism and coronary artery disease. Increased prevalence of apolipoprotein E-4 in angiographically verified coronary patients. Arteriosclerosis. 1989, 9: 237-241. 10.1161\/01.ATV.9.2.237.","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"key":"464_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(99)00011-9","volume":"32","author":"RM Corbo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Corbo RM, Vilardo T, Ruggeri M, Gemma AT, Scacchi R: Apolipoprotein E genotype and plasma levels in coronary artery disease. A case-control study in the Italian population. Clin Biochem. 1999, 32: 217-222. 10.1016\/S0009-9120(99)00011-9.","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"464_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(01)00624-6","volume":"312","author":"G Attila","year":"2001","unstructured":"Attila G, Acarturk E, Eskandari G, Akpinar O, Tuli A, Kanadas IM, Kayrin L: Effects of apolipoprotein E genotypes and other risk factors on the development of coronary artery disease in Southern Turkey. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2001, 312: 191-196. 10.1016\/S0009-8981(01)00624-6.","journal-title":"Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry"},{"key":"464_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1258\/000456303766477020","volume":"40","author":"P Kumar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kumar P, Luthra K, Dwivedi M, Behl VK, Pandey RM, Misra A: Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in patients with premature myocardial infarction: a case-controlled study in Asian Indians in North India. Ann Clin Biochem. 2003, 40: 382-387. 10.1258\/000456303766477020.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"464_CR38","first-page":"224","volume":"112","author":"S Yan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yan S, Zhou X, Lin Q, Song Y: Association of polymorphism of apolipoprotein E gene with coronary heart disease in Han Chinese. Chin Med J (Engl). 1999, 112: 224-227.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"464_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.P900012-JLR200","volume":"50","author":"E Anuurad","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anuurad E, Yamasaki M, Shachter N, Pearson TA, Berglund L: ApoE and ApoC-I polymorphisms: association of genotype with cardiovascular disease phenotype in African Americans. J Lipid Res. 2009, 50: 1472-1478. 10.1194\/jlr.P900012-JLR200.","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"464_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02281882","volume":"97","author":"JH Stengard","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stengard JH, Pekkanen J, Ehnholm C, Nissinen A, Sing CF: Genotypes with the apolipoprotein epsilon4 allele are predictors of coronary heart disease mortality in a longitudinal study of elderly Finnish men. Hum Genet. 1996, 97: 677-684. 10.1007\/BF02281882.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"464_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.8.918","volume":"16","author":"S Kataoka","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kataoka S, Robbins DC, Cowan LD, Go O, Yeh JL, Devereux RB, Fabsitz RR, Lee ET, Welty TK, Howard BV: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in American Indians and its relation to plasma lipoproteins and diabetes. The Strong Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996, 16: 918-925. 10.1161\/01.ATV.16.8.918.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"464_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30T","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00720-6","volume":"82","author":"HC McGill Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"McGill HC, McMahan CA: Determinants of atherosclerosis in the young. Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) Research Group. Am J Cardiol. 1998, 82: 30T-36T.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"464_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.51.292","volume":"51","author":"K Murakami","year":"2005","unstructured":"Murakami K, Okubo H, Sasaki S: Effect of dietary factors on incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of cohort studies. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 2005, 51: 292-310. 10.3177\/jnsv.51.292.","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol"},{"key":"464_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1161\/hq0102.101819","volume":"22","author":"MS Bernstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bernstein MS, Costanza MC, James RW, Morris MA, Cambien F, Raoux S, Morabia A: Physical activity may modulate effects of ApoE genotype on lipid profile. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002, 22: 133-140. 10.1161\/hq0102.101819.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"464_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-117","volume":"10","author":"J Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li J, Wang Q, Chai W, Chen MH, Liu Z, Shi W: Hyperglycemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse strains with different atherosclerosis susceptibility. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2011, 10: 117-10.1186\/1475-2840-10-117.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"464_CR46","first-page":"321","volume":"29","author":"P Tosukhowong","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tosukhowong P, Sangwatanaroj S, Jatuporn S, Prapunwattana P, Saengsiri A, Rattanapruks S, Srimahachota S, Udayachalerm W, Tangkijvanich P: The correlation between markers of oxidative stress and risk factors of coronary artery disease in Thai patients. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2003, 29: 321-329.","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"464_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(03)00232-6","volume":"170","author":"CE Tan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tan CE, Tai ES, Tan CS, Chia KS, Lee J, Chew SK, Ordovas JM: APOE polymorphism and lipid profile in three ethnic groups in the Singapore population. Atherosclerosis. 2003, 170: 253-260. 10.1016\/S0021-9150(03)00232-6.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"464_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(99)00126-6","volume":"47","author":"PA Inamdar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Inamdar PA, Kelkar SM, Devasagayam TP, Bapat MM: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in non-insulin-dependent diabetics of Mumbai, India and its effect on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000, 47: 217-223. 10.1016\/S0168-8227(99)00126-6.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"464_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2008.10719668","volume":"27","author":"ML Fernandez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fernandez ML, Webb D: The LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio as a valuable tool to evaluate coronary heart disease risk. J Am Coll Nutr. 2008, 27: 1-5.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"464_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.65.731","volume":"65","author":"M Washio","year":"2001","unstructured":"Washio M, Sasazuki S, Kodama H, Yoshimasu PK, Liu Y, Tanaka K, Tokunaga S, Kono PS, Arai H, Koyanagi S, Hiyamuta K, Doi Y, Kawano MT, Nakagaki MO, Takada K, Nii MT, Shirai K, Ideishi MM, Arakawa MK, Mohri MM, Takeshita A: Role of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus in the development of coronary atherosclerosis in Japan. Jpn Circ J. 2001, 65: 731-737. 10.1253\/jcj.65.731.","journal-title":"Jpn Circ J"},{"key":"464_CR51","first-page":"3","volume":"233","author":"R Frikke-Schmidt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Frikke-Schmidt R: Context-dependent and invariant associations between APOE genotype and levels of lipoproteins and risk of ischemic heart disease: a review. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl. 2000, 233: 3-25.","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl"},{"key":"464_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5359.39613","volume":"62","author":"PP Singh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Singh PP, Singh M, Bhatnagar DP, Kaur TP, Gaur SK: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and its relation to plasma lipids in coronary heart disease. Indian J Med Sci. 2008, 62: 105-112. 10.4103\/0019-5359.39613.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Sci"},{"key":"464_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2008.08.441","volume":"2","author":"R Chaaba","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chaaba R, Attia N, Hammami S, Smaoui M, Ben Hamda K, Mahjoub S, Hammami M: Association between apolipoprotein E polymorphism, lipids, and coronary artery disease in Tunisian type 2 diabetes. J Clin Lipidol. 2008, 2: 360-364. 10.1016\/j.jacl.2008.08.441.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"464_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00168-9","volume":"147","author":"D Gomez-Coronado","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gomez-Coronado D, Alvarez JJ, Entrala A, Olmos JM, Herrera E, Lasuncion MA: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in men and women from a Spanish population: allele frequencies and influence on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins. Atherosclerosis. 1999, 147: 167-176. 10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00168-9.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"464_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2006.11.001","volume":"6","author":"GD Kolovou","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK: Apolipoprotein E polymorphism, age and coronary heart disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2007, 6: 94-108. 10.1016\/j.arr.2006.11.001.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"464_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020194","volume":"347","author":"WE Kraus","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kraus WE, Houmard JA, Duscha BD, Knetzger KJ, Wharton MB, McCartney JS, Bales CW, Henes S, Samsa GP, Otvos JD, Kulkarni KR, Slentz CA: Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med. 2002, 347: 1483-1492. 10.1056\/NEJMoa020194.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"464_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000126824.12785.B6","volume":"109","author":"A Tenenbaum","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tenenbaum A, Motro M, Fisman EZ, Schwammenthal E, Adler Y, Goldenberg I, Leor J, Boyko V, Mandelzweig L, Behar S: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand bezafibrate for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2004, 109: 2197-2202. 10.1161\/01.CIR.0000126824.12785.B6.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"464_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2011.10.013","volume":"28","author":"J Gage","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gage J, Hasu M, Thabet M, Whitman SC: Caspase-1 Deficiency Decreases Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice. Can J Cardiol. 2012, 28: 222-229. 10.1016\/j.cjca.2011.10.013.","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Diabetology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1475-2840-11-36.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T19:16:03Z","timestamp":1630523763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/cardiab.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1475-2840-11-36"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2840-11-36","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2840"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2840","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 March 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"36"}}