{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:51:49Z","timestamp":1769161909699,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/jats:italic> is a simian malaria parasite that is widespread in humans in Malaysian Borneo. However, little is known about the incidence and distribution of this parasite in the Sandakan division, Malaysian Borneo. Therefore, the aim of the present epidemiological study was to investigate the incidence and distribution of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> as well as other <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species in this division based on a most recent developed hexaplex PCR system (PlasmoNex\u2122).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 189 whole blood samples were collected from Telupid Health Clinic, Sabah, Malaysia, from 2008 to 2011. All patients who participated in the study were microscopically malaria positive before recruitment. Complete demographic details and haematological profiles were obtained from 85 patients (13 females and 72 males). Identification of <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species was conducted using PlasmoNex\u2122 targeting the 18S ssu rRNA gene.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 178 samples were positive for <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species by using PlasmoNex\u2122. <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> was identified in 68 samples (38.2%) followed by 64 cases (36.0%) of <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>, 42 (23.6%) cases of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>, two (1.1%) cases of <jats:italic>Plasmodium malariae<\/jats:italic> and two (1.1%) mixed-species infections (i e, <jats:italic>P. vivax\/P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>). Thirty-five PlasmoNex\u2122 positive <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> samples were misdiagnosed as <jats:italic>P. malariae<\/jats:italic> by microscopy. <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/jats:italic> was detected in all four districts of Sandakan division with the highest incidence in the Kinabatangan district. Thrombocytopaenia and anaemia showed to be the most frequent malaria-associated haematological complications in this study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The discovery of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> in Sandakan division showed that prospective studies on the epidemiological risk factors and transmission dynamics of <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> in these areas are crucial in order to develop strategies for effective malaria control. The availability of advanced diagnostic tool PlasmoNex\u2122 enhanced the accuracy and accelerated the speed in the diagnosis of malaria.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T10:14:34Z","timestamp":1375265674000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Increased detection of Plasmodium knowlesi in Sandakan division, Sabah as revealed by PlasmoNex\u2122"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xiang Ting","family":"Goh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne AL","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indra","family":"Vythilingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching Hoong","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping Chin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romano","family":"Ngui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian Chye","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan Jiun","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veeranoot","family":"Nissapatorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kek Heng","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2876_CR1","volume-title":"World Malaria Report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011","unstructured":"World Health Organization: World Malaria Report. 2011, Available http:\/\/www.who.int\/malaria\/world_malaria_report_2011\/9789241564403_eng.pdf Accessed 3rd May 2012"},{"key":"2876_CR2","volume-title":"Country Briefing","author":"Ministry of Health Malaysia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Malaysia: Country Briefing. 2012, Available http:\/\/apmen.org\/storage\/country-briefings\/Malaysia.pdf Accessed 1st June 2013"},{"key":"2876_CR3","first-page":"71","volume-title":"Problems of Malaria in SEAMIC Countries","author":"JLK Hii","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hii JLK: Anopheles malaria vector in Malaysia with reference to Sabah. 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