{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T23:15:51Z","timestamp":1723072551614},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Malar J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The emergence and spread of <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> resistance to available anti-malarial drugs represents a major drawback in the control of malaria and its associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemoresistance profile of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> to commonly used anti-plasmodial drugs in a malaria-endemic area in the Brazilian Amazon.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study was carried out in Manaus (Amazonas state), in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 88 <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and 178 <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> isolates was collected from 2004 to 2007. The sensitivity of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates was determined to chloroquine, quinine, mefloquine and artesunate and the sensitivity of <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> isolates was determined to chloroquine and mefloquine, by using the colorimetric DELI test.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>As expected, a high prevalence of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates resistant to chloroquine (78.1%) was observed. The prevalence of isolates with profile of resistance or decreased sensitivity for quinine, mefloquine and artesunate was 12.7, 21.2 and 11.7%, respectively. In the case of <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>, the prevalence of isolates with profile of resistance for chloroquine and mefloquine was 9.8 and 28%, respectively. No differences in the frequencies of isolates with profile of resistance or geometric mean IC50s were seen when comparing the data obtained in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, for all tested anti-malarials.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The great majority of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates in the Brazilian malaria-endemic area remain resistant to chloroquine, and the decreased sensitivity to quinine, mefloquine and artesunate observed in 10\u201320% of the isolates must be taken with concern, especially for artesunate. <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> isolates also showed a significant proportion of isolates with decreased sensitivity to chloroquine (first-line drug) and mainly to mefloquine. The data presented here also confirm the usefulness of the DELI test to generate results able to impact on public health policies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]],"date-time":"2013-08-12T18:14:26Z","timestamp":1376331266000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Use of a colorimetric (DELI) test for the evaluation of chemoresistance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax to commonly used anti-plasmodial drugs in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lilian R","family":"Pratt-Riccio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonne F","family":"Chehuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"das Gra\u00e7as Alecrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Bianco-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Druilhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Brasseur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de F\u00e1tima Ferreira-da-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo JM","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio T","family":"Daniel-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2908_CR1","volume-title":"World malaria report","author":"WHO","year":"2012","unstructured":"WHO: World malaria report. 2012, Geneva: World Health Organization,http:\/\/www.who.int\/malaria\/publications\/world_malaria_report_2012\/en\/,"},{"key":"2908_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-115","volume":"9","author":"J Oliveira-Ferreira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oliveira-Ferreira J, Lacerda MV, Brasil P, Ladislau JL, Tauil PL, Daniel-Ribeiro CT: Malaria in Brazil: an overview. 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