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Besides the anti-malarial activity, SP is also a potent antibiotic and incurs significant anti-microbial activity when given as IPTp - though systematic clinical evaluation of this action is still lacking.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this study, the intrinsic anti-bacterial activity of mefloquine and azithromycin was assessed in comparison to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against bacterial pathogens with clinical importance in pregnancy in a standard microdilution assay.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>SP was highly active against <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. All tested Gram-positive bacteria, except <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>, were sensitive to azithromycin. Additionally, azithromycin was active against <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>. Mefloquine showed good activity against pneumococci but lower <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> action against all other tested pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These data indicate important differences in the spectrum of anti-bacterial activity for the evaluated anti-malarial drugs. Given the large scale use of IPTp in Africa, the need for prospective clinical trials evaluating the impact of antibiotic activity of anti-malarials on maternal and foetal health and on the risk of promoting specific drug resistance of bacterial pathogens is discussed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T06:14:32Z","timestamp":1288332872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Anti-bacterial activity of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: comparative in vitro study of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, mefloquine, and azithromycin"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mesk\u00fcre","family":"Capan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghyslain","family":"Mombo-Ngoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Makristathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ramharter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1385_CR1","volume-title":"Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases World Health Organisation","author":"B Brabin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brabin B: The risk and severity of malaria in pregnant women. 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