{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T16:47:13Z","timestamp":1788108433398,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]],"date-time":"2013-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370908800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutr J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In developing countries, deficiencies in essential micronutrients are common, particularly in pregnant women. Although, biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition are useful to assess nutritional status, few studies have examined such indicators throughout pregnancy in women in developing countries.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of 78 Peruvian women throughout pregnancy for 16 different nutritional indicators including fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids, iron-status indicators, and selenium. Venous blood samples from which serum was prepared were collected during trimesters one (n\u2009=\u200978), two (n\u2009=\u200965), three (n\u2009=\u200962), and at term via the umbilical cord (n\u2009=\u200952). Questionnaires were completed to determine the demographic characteristics of subjects. Linear mixed effects models were used to study the associations between each maternal indicator and the demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>None of the women were vitamin A and E deficient at any stage of pregnancy and only 1\/62 women (1.6%) was selenium deficient during the third trimester. However, 6.4%, 44% and 64% of women had ferritin levels indicative of iron deficiency during the first, second and third trimester, respectively. Statistically significant changes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264\u20090.05) throughout pregnancy were noted for 15\/16 nutritional indicators for this Peruvian cohort, with little-to-no association with demographic characteristics. Three carotenoids (beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin and trans-lycopene) were significantly associated with education status, while trans-lycopene was associated with age and beta-cryptoxanthin with SES (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05). Concentrations of retinol, tocopherol, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein + zeaxanthin and selenium were lower in cord serum compared with maternal serum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05). Conversely, levels of iron status indicators (ferritin, transferrin saturation and iron) were higher in cord serum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The increasing prevalence of iron deficiency throughout pregnancy in these Peruvian women was expected. It was surprising though not to find deficiencies in other nutrients. The results highlight the importance of continual monitoring of women throughout pregnancy for iron deficiency which could be caused by increasing fetal needs and\/or inadequate iron intake as pregnancy progresses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]],"date-time":"2013-06-11T08:14:26Z","timestamp":1370938466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Changes in the concentrations of biochemical indicators of diet and nutritional status of pregnant women across pregnancy trimesters in Trujillo, Peru, 2004\u20132005"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"D Kevin","family":"Horton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olorunfemi","family":"Adetona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Aguilar-Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon E","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine M","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary L","family":"Schleicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen L","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry L","family":"Needham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen L","family":"Rathbun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E","family":"Vena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke P","family":"Naeher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"655_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S193","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2000314","volume":"85","author":"RE Black","year":"2001","unstructured":"Black RE: Micronutrients in pregnancy. Br J Nutr. 2001, 85 (Suppl 2): S193-S197.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR2","volume-title":"Nutrition during pregnancy","author":"Institute of Medicine (IoM)","year":"1999","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (IoM): Nutrition during pregnancy. 1999, Washington DC: National Academy Press"},{"key":"655_CR3","volume-title":"5th Report on the world nutrition situation; nutrition for improved development outcomes","author":"United Nations System (UNS) \u2013 Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN)","year":"2004","unstructured":"United Nations System (UNS) \u2013 Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN): 5th Report on the world nutrition situation; nutrition for improved development outcomes. 2004, Geneva: World Health Organization"},{"key":"655_CR4","volume-title":"Preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies in populations affected by an emergency: multiple vitamin and mineral supplements for pregnant and lactating women, and for children aged 6 to 59 months","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2007","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies in populations affected by an emergency: multiple vitamin and mineral supplements for pregnant and lactating women, and for children aged 6 to 59 months. 2007, Geneva: World Health Organization, http:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/WHO_WFP_UNICEFstatement.pdf,"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353s","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.5.1353s","volume":"71","author":"JU Mora","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mora JU, Nestel PS: Improving prenatal nutrition in developing countries: strategies, prospects, and challenges. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000, 71 (5): 1353s-1363s.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1301\/00296640260130731","volume":"60","author":"U Ramakrishnan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan U: Pravalence of micronutrient malnutrition worldwide. Nutr Rev. 2002, 60 (5): S46-S52. 10.1301\/00296640260130731.","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"655_CR7","volume-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean: iodine, calcium and zinc","author":"JO Mora","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mora JO, Mora OL: Micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean: iodine, calcium and zinc. 1998, Washington, DC: USAID\/WHO"},{"key":"655_CR8","volume-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean: iron deficiency anemia","author":"JO Mora","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mora JO, Mora OL: Micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean: iron deficiency anemia. 1998, Washington, DC: USAID\/WHO"},{"key":"655_CR9","volume-title":"Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993\u20132005","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993\u20132005. 2008, Geneva: WHO global database on anaemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxq005","volume":"32","author":"DP Pope","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pope DP, Mishra V, Thompson L, Siddiqui AR, Rehfuess EA, Weber M, Bruce NG: Risk of low birth weight and stillbirth associated with indoor air pollution from solid fuel use in developing countries. Epidemiol Rev. 2010, 32 (1): 72-81.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"655_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2012.11.010","volume":"53","author":"O Adetona","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adetona O, Li Z, Sjodin A, Romanoff LC, Aguillar-Villalobos M, Needham LL, Hall DB, Cassidy BE, Naeher LP: Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in pregnant women in Trujillo, Peru: comparison of different fuel types used for cooking. Environ Int. 2013, 53: 1-8.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"655_CR12","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Industrial chemical exposure: guidelines for biological monitoring","author":"RR Lauwerys","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lauwerys RR: Biological monitoring of exposure to inorganic and organometallic substances. Industrial chemical exposure: guidelines for biological monitoring. 1983, Washington DC: Lewis Publishers, 9-50."},{"key":"655_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/40.3.411","volume":"40","author":"AL Sowell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sowell AL, Huff DL, Yeager PR, Caudill SP, Gunter EW: Retinol, alpha-tocopherol, lutein\/zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, alpha-carotene, trans-beta-carotene, and four retinyl esters in serum determined simultaneously by reversed-phase HPLC with multiwavelength detection. Clin Chem. 1994, 40: 411-416.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:91:1:1","volume":"91","author":"AS Niskar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Niskar AS, Paschal DC, Kieszak SM, Flegal KM, Bowman B, Gunter EW, Pirkle JL, Rubin C, Sampson EJ, McGeehin M: Serum selenium levels in the US population: third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988\u20131994. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2003, 91 (1): 1-10. 10.1385\/BTER:91:1:1.","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"655_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3222","volume":"27","author":"SP Caudill","year":"2008","unstructured":"Caudill SP, Schleicher RL, Pirkle JL: Multi-rule quality control for the age-related eye disease study. Statistics in Medicine. 2008, 27: 4094-4106. 10.1002\/sim.3222.","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"key":"655_CR16","volume-title":"NHANES 2003\u20132004","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2005","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): NHANES 2003\u20132004. 2005, Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/nhanes2003-2004\/nhanes03_04.htm,"},{"key":"655_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/1047322X.1990.10389587","volume":"5","author":"RW Hornung","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hornung RW, Reed LD: Estimation of average concentration in the presence of nondetectable values. Appl Occup Environ Hyg. 1990, 5: 46-51. 10.1080\/1047322X.1990.10389587.","journal-title":"Appl Occup Environ Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2006.00099.x","volume":"37","author":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica e Inform\u00e1tica (INEI)","year":"2006","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica e Inform\u00e1tica (INEI): Peru 2004\u201305: results from the demographic and family health survey. Stud Fam Plan. 2006, 37 (3): 205-210.","journal-title":"Stud Fam Plan"},{"key":"655_CR19","volume-title":"International brief: population trends: Peru","author":"United States Department of Commerce (USDC)","year":"1999","unstructured":"United States Department of Commerce (USDC): International brief: population trends: Peru. 1999, Washington DC: Economics and Statistics Administration"},{"key":"655_CR20","volume-title":"World Health Organization (WHO)","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1999","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Fuel for life: household energy and health. 2006. 1999, Geneva:"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650102200305","volume":"22","author":"MJ Dibley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dibley MJ, Jeacocke DA: Vitamin A in pregnancy: impact on maternal and neonatal health. Food Nutr Bull. 2001, 22 (3): 267-284.","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"655_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114598001780","volume":"80","author":"GS Oostenbrug","year":"1998","unstructured":"Oostenbrug GS, Mensink RP, van Houwelingen AC, Hornstra G: Maternal and neonatal plasma antioxidant levels in normal pregnancy, and the relationship with fatty acid unsaturation. Br J Nutr. 1998, 80 (1): 67-73. 10.1017\/S0007114598001780.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR23","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Vitamin A deficiency and its control","author":"J Wallingford","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wallingford J, Underwood B: Vitamin A deficiency in pregnancy, lactation, and the nursing child. Vitamin A deficiency and its control. Edited by: Bauernfeind J. 1986, New York: Academic, 101-152."},{"key":"655_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1177\/000456328101800306","volume":"18","author":"D Wickens","year":"1981","unstructured":"Wickens D, Wilkins M, Lyne C: Free radical oxidation (peroxidation) products in plasma in normal and abnormal pregnancy. Ann Clin Biochem. 1981, 18: 158-162.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"655_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601954","volume":"58","author":"E Herrera","year":"2004","unstructured":"Herrera E, Ortega H, Alvino G, Giovannini N, Amusquivar E, Cetin I: Relationship between plasma fatty acid profile and antioxidant vitamins during normal pregnancy. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004, 58: 1231-1238. 10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601954.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR26","volume-title":"National report on biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition in the U.S. Population 1999\u20132002","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2008","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): National report on biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition in the U.S. Population 1999\u20132002. 2008, Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nutritionreport\/99-02\/pdf\/nutrition_report.pdf,"},{"key":"655_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601716","volume":"57","author":"LM Sacco","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sacco LM, Caulfield LE, Zavaleta N, Retamozo L: Dietary pattern and usual nutrient intakes of Peruvian women during pregnancy. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003, 57: 1492-1497. 10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601716.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR28","volume-title":"Textbook of biochemistry and human biology","author":"GP Talwar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Talwar GP, Srivastava LM: Textbook of biochemistry and human biology. 2006, New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited"},{"key":"655_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(96)05117-0","volume":"186","author":"M Navarro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Navarro M, Lopez H, Perez V, Lopez MC: Serum selenium levels during normal pregnancy in health Spanish women. Sci Total Environ. 1996, 186: 237-242. 10.1016\/0048-9697(96)05117-0.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"655_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/74.6.714","volume":"74","author":"Q Jiang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jiang Q, Christen S, Shigenaga M, Ames B: \u03b3-Tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001, 74: 714-722.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/49.3.517","volume":"49","author":"MG Traber","year":"1989","unstructured":"Traber MG, Kayden HJ: Preferential incorporation of a-tocopherol vs gamma-tocopherol in human lipoproteins. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989, 49: 517-526.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jtra.10032","volume":"17","author":"SM Awadallah","year":"2002","unstructured":"Awadallah SM, Abu-Elteen KH, Elkarmi AZ, Qaraein SH, Salem NM, Mubarak MS: Maternal and cord blood serum levels of zinc, copper, and iron in healthy pregnant Jordanian women. J Trace Elem Exp Med. 2002, 17: 1-8.","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Exp Med"},{"key":"655_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348009156380","volume":"95","author":"J Puolakka","year":"1980","unstructured":"Puolakka J, Janne O, Vihko R: Evaluation by serum ferritin assay of the influence of maternal iron stores on the iron status of newborns and infants. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1980, 95: 53-56.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.4.924","volume":"77","author":"KM O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KM, Zavaleta N, Abrams SA, Caulfield LE: Maternal iron status influences iron transfer to the fetus during the third trimester of pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003, 77 (4): 924-930.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"655_CR35","volume-title":"Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention and control","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2001","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Iron deficiency anaemia: assessment, prevention and control. 2001, Geneva: World Health Organization"},{"key":"655_CR36","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids","author":"Institute of Medicine (IoM)","year":"2003","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (IoM): Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids. 2003, Washington DC: National Academy Press"},{"key":"655_CR37","volume-title":"Vitamin deficiency, dependency, and toxicity","author":"MH Beers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beers MH: Merck manual of diagnosis and therapy. Vitamin deficiency, dependency, and toxicity. 2006, http:\/\/www.merckmanuals.com\/professional\/nutritional_disorders\/vitamin_deficiency_dependency_and_toxicity\/vitamin_e.html?qt=&sc=&alt=, 18,","edition":"18"},{"key":"655_CR38","first-page":"348","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of human nutrition","author":"KP West Jr","year":"2006","unstructured":"West KP: Vitamin A: deficiency and interventions. Encyclopedia of human nutrition. Edited by: Caballero B, Allen L, Prentice A. 2006, Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd, 348-359. 2","edition":"2"},{"issue":"5","key":"655_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03403568","volume":"94","author":"F Dallaire","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dallaire F, Dewailly E, Shademani R, Lalibert\u00e9 C, Bruneau S, Rhainds M, Blanchet C, Lefebvre M, Ayotte P: Vitamin A concentration in umbilical cord blood of infants from three separate regions of the province of Qu\u00e9bec (Canada). Can J Public Health. 2003, 94 (5): 386-390.","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"655_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2005.01.007","volume":"81","author":"A Galinier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Galinier A, P\u00e9riquet B, Lambert W, Garcia J, Assouline C, Rolland M, Thouvenot JP: Reference range for micronutrients and nutritional marker proteins in cord blood of neonates appropriated for gestational ages. Early Hum Dev. 2005, 81 (7): 583-593. 10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2005.01.007.","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"655_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.4.1139","volume":"86","author":"ET Masters","year":"2007","unstructured":"Masters ET, Jedrychowski W, Schleicher RL, Tsai WY, Tu YH, Camann D, Tang D, Perera FP: Relation between prenatal lipid-soluble micronutrient status, environmental pollutant exposure, and birth outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007, 86 (4): 1139-1145.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"655_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600838","volume":"53","author":"M Kiely","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kiely M, Cogan PF, Kearney PJ, Morrissey PA: Concentrations of tocopherols and carotenoids in maternal and cord blood plasma. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999, 53 (9): 711-715. 10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600838.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"655_CR43","first-page":"128","volume":"128","author":"KE Elizabeth","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elizabeth KE, Krishnan V, Vijayakumar T: Umbilical cord blood nutrients in low birth weight babies in relation to birth weight & gestational age. Indian J Med Res. 2008, 128 (2): 128-133.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR44","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"S Raj","year":"2008","unstructured":"Raj S, Faridi M, Rusia U, Singh O: A prospective study of iron status in exclusively breastfed term infants up to 6 months of age. Int Breastfeed J. 2008, 3 (3): 1-7.","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"issue":"9","key":"655_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601967","volume":"58","author":"KH Schulpis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schulpis KH, Karakonstantakis T, Gavrili S, Chronopoulou G, Karikas GA, Vlachos G, Papassotiriou I: Maternal\u2013neonatal serum selenium and copper levels in Greeks and Albanians. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004, 58 (9): 1314-1318. 10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601967.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-008-8088-9","volume":"122","author":"HS Ozdemir","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ozdemir HS, Karadas F, Pappas AC, Cassey P, Oto G, Tuncer O: The selenium levels of mothers and their neonates using hair, breast milk, meconium, and maternal and umbilical cord blood in Van Basin. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008, 122 (3): 206-215. 10.1007\/s12011-008-8088-9.","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"655_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2006.00723.x","volume":"19","author":"H Freisling","year":"2006","unstructured":"Freisling H, Elmadfa I, Gall I: The effect of socioeconomic status on dietary intake, physical activity and body mass index in Austrian pregnant women. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2006, 19: 437-445. 10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2006.00723.x.","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"7","key":"655_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2007.04.008","volume":"107","author":"J Stimpson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stimpson J, Urrutia-Rojas X: Acculturation in the United States is associated with lower serum carotenoid levels: third national health and nutrition examination survey. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007, 107 (7): 1218-1223. 10.1016\/j.jada.2007.04.008.","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"655_CR49","volume-title":"Vitamin A deficiency by Country: Peru, in \u201cvitamins and mineral nutrition systems\u201d","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2008","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Vitamin A deficiency by Country: Peru, in \u201cvitamins and mineral nutrition systems\u201d. 2008, Geneva: World Health Organization, http:\/\/who.int\/vmnis\/vitamina\/data\/database\/countries\/per_vita.pdf,"},{"issue":"Suppl 9","key":"655_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2845S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.9.2845S","volume":"132","author":"A Sommer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sommer A, Davidson FR: Assessment and control of vitamin A deficiency: the Annecy accords. J Nutr. 2002, 132 (Suppl 9): 2845S-2850S.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"655_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892008000900003","volume":"24","author":"J Medina-Lezema","year":"2008","unstructured":"Medina-Lezema J, Morey-Vargas OL, Zea-Diaz H, Bolanos-Salazar JF, Corrales-Medina F, Cuba-Bustinza C, Chrinos-Medina DA, Chrinos JA: Prevalence of lifestyle-related cardiovascular risk factors in Peru: the PREVENCION study. Pan Am J Public Health. 2008, 24 (3): 169-179. 10.1590\/S1020-49892008000900003.","journal-title":"Pan Am J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Nutrition Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T00:24:53Z","timestamp":1630542293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nutritionj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2891-12-80","relation":{},"ISSN":["1475-2891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1475-2891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 May 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"80"}}