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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of local ADM application in the tooth extraction socket <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Chitosan micropheres were developed by an emulsion-ionic cross-linking method for ADM delivery. Poly (L -lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) were used to prepare scaffolds to contain the micrspheres with ADM. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> experiment was evaluated by transplanting the composite into the rat socket right after the incisor extraction. After 4, 8, 12\u00a0weeks implantation, radiographic and histological tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of released ADM on the alveolar bone.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The microspheres had a spherical structure and a relative rough and uniform surface, and the particle size was under a normal distribution, with the average diameter of 38.59\u00a0\u03bcm. The scaffolds had open and interconnected pores. In addition, the high porosity of the composite was 88.93%. Radiographic and histological examination revealed that the PLGA\/nHA\/CMs\/ADM composite could accelerate the alveolar bone remodeling and reduce the residual ridge resorption compared with the PLGA\/nHA\/CMs scaffold.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The results of this study suggest that local application of ADM has the potential to preserve the residual alveolar ridge and accelerate the alveolar bone remodeling.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925x-12-99","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T01:01:11Z","timestamp":1381194071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Adrenomedullin delivery in microsphere-scaffold composite for remodeling of the alveolar bone following tooth extraction: an experimental study in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujun","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"725_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.01918.x","volume":"21","author":"N Mardas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mardas N, Chadha V, Donos N: Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration and a synthetic bone substitute or a bovine-derived xenograft: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. 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