{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:14:52Z","timestamp":1793297692355,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world and the second most prevalent cause of cancer related death. The development of gastric cancer is mainly associated with <jats:italic>H. Pylori<\/jats:italic> infection leading to a focus in pathology studies on bacterial and environmental factors, and to a lesser extent on the mechanistic development of the tumour. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are found to regulate genes involved in diverse biological functions and alterations in microRNA expression have been linked to the pathogenesis of many malignancies. The current study is focused on identifying microRNAs involved in gastric carcinogenesis and to explore their mechanistic relevance by characterizing their targets.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Invitrogen NCode miRNA microarrays identified miR-449 to be decreased in 1-year-old <jats:italic>Gastrin<\/jats:italic> KO mice and in <jats:italic>H. Pylori<\/jats:italic> infected gastric tissues compared to tissues from wild type animals. Growth rate of gastric cell lines over-expressing miR-449 was inhibited by 60% compared to controls. FACS cell cycle analysis of miR-449 over-expressing cells showed a significant increase in the sub-G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> fraction indicative of apoptosis. \u00df-Gal assays indicated a senescent phenotype of gastric cell lines over-expressing miR-449. Affymetrix 133v2 arrays identified <jats:italic>GMNN<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MET, CCNE2, SIRT1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CDK6<\/jats:italic> as miR-449 targets. Luciferase assays were used to confirm <jats:italic>GMNN<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MET<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CCNE2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SIRT1<\/jats:italic> as direct targets. We also show that miR-449 over-expression activated p53 and its downstream target p21 as well as the apoptosis markers cleaved CASP3 and PARP. Importantly, qPCR analyses showed a loss of miR-449 expression in human clinical gastric tumours compared to normal tissues.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this study, we document a diminished expression of miR-449 in <jats:italic>Gastrin<\/jats:italic> KO mice and further confirmed its loss in human gastric tumours. We investigated the function of miR-449 by identifying its direct targets. Furthermore we show that miR-449 induces senescence and apoptosis by activating the p53 pathway.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-10-29","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,18]],"date-time":"2011-03-18T12:38:16Z","timestamp":1300451896000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["miR-449 inhibits cell proliferation and is down-regulated in gastric cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Tony","family":"Bou Kheir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Futoma-Kazmierczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Krogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Bardram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoffer","family":"Hother","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Gr\u00f8nb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitte","family":"Federspiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders H","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Friis-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"859_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i19.2979","volume":"12","author":"MG Smith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smith MG, Hold GL, Tahara E, El-Omar EM: Cellular and molecular aspects of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2006, 12: 2979-2990.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"859_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2007.06.011","volume":"146","author":"J Kountouras","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kountouras J, Zavos C, Chatzopoulos D, Katsinelos P: New aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection involvement in gastric oncogenesis. J Surg Res. 2008, 146: 149-158. 10.1016\/j.jss.2007.06.011","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2857","volume":"10","author":"DB Polk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Polk DB, Peek RM: Helicobacter pylori: gastric cancer and beyond. Nat Rev Cancer. 2010, 10: 403-414. 10.1038\/nrc2857","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70412-4","volume":"118","author":"TC Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang TC, Dangler CA, Chen D, Goldenring JR, Koh T, Raychowdhury R, Coffey RJ, Ito S, Varro A, Dockray GJ, Fox JG: Synergistic interaction between hypergastrinemia and Helicobacter infection in a mouse model of gastric cancer. Gastroenterology. 2000, 118: 36-47. 10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70412-4","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"859_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.081165","volume":"175","author":"S Takaishi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Takaishi S, Tu S, Dubeykovskaya ZA, Whary MT, Muthupalani S, Rickman BH, Rogers AB, Lertkowit N, Varro A, Fox JG, Wang TC: Gastrin is an essential cofactor for helicobacter-associated gastric corpus carcinogenesis in C57BL\/6 mice. Am J Pathol. 2009, 175: 365-375. 10.2353\/ajpath.2009.081165","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"859_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2354","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208407","volume":"24","author":"Y Zavros","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zavros Y, Eaton KA, Kang W, Rathinavelu S, Katukuri V, Kao JY, Samuelson LC, Merchant JL: Chronic gastritis in the hypochlorhydric gastrin-deficient mouse progresses to adenocarcinoma. Oncogene. 2005, 24: 2354-2366. 10.1038\/sj.onc.1208407","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"859_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510600873894","volume":"66","author":"L Friis-Hansen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Friis-Hansen L: Achlorhydria is associated with gastric microbial overgrowth and development of cancer: lessons learned from the gastrin knockout mouse. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2006, 66: 607-621. 10.1080\/00365510600873894","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"859_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh307","volume":"13","author":"CM Elso","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elso CM, Lu X, Culiat CT, Rutledge JC, Cacheiro NL, Generoso WM, Stubbs LJ: Heightened susceptibility to chronic gastritis, hyperplasia and metaplasia in Kcnq1 mutant mice. Hum Mol Genet. 2004, 13: 2813-2821. 10.1093\/hmg\/ddh307","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"859_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03867.x","volume":"20","author":"LM Judd","year":"2005","unstructured":"Judd LM, Andringa A, Rubio CA, Spicer Z, Shull GE, Miller ML: Gastric achlorhydria in H\/K-ATPase-deficient (Atp4a(-\/-)) mice causes severe hyperplasia, mucocystic metaplasia and upregulation of growth factors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005, 20: 1266-1278. 10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03867.x","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"859_CR10","first-page":"G561","volume":"274","author":"L Friis-Hansen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Friis-Hansen L, Sundler F, Li Y, Gillespie PJ, Saunders TL, Greenson JK, Owyang C, Rehfeld JF, Samuelson LC: Impaired gastric acid secretion in gastrin-deficient mice. Am J Physiol. 1998, 274: G561-568.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"859_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.30298","volume":"122","author":"Y Zavros","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zavros Y, Rieder G, Ferguson A, Samuelson LC, Merchant JL: Genetic or chemical hypochlorhydria is associated with inflammation that modulates parietal and G-cell populations in mice. Gastroenterology. 2002, 122: 119-133. 10.1053\/gast.2002.30298","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"859_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.04.031","volume":"131","author":"L Friis-Hansen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Friis-Hansen L, Rieneck K, Nilsson HO, Wadstrom T, Rehfeld JF: Gastric inflammation, metaplasia, and tumor development in gastrin-deficient mice. Gastroenterology. 2006, 131: 246-258. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.04.031","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"859_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1042\/BC20070078","volume":"100","author":"M Kato","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kato M, Slack FJ: microRNAs: small molecules with big roles - C. elegans to human cancer. Biol Cell. 2008, 100: 71-81. 10.1042\/BC20070078","journal-title":"Biol Cell"},{"key":"859_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060308-103103","volume":"79","author":"MR Fabian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fabian MR, Sonenberg N, Filipowicz W: Regulation of mRNA translation and stability by microRNAs. Annu Rev Biochem. 2010, 79: 351-379. 10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060308-103103","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"859_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2749","volume":"69","author":"A Petri","year":"2009","unstructured":"Petri A, Lindow M, Kauppinen S: MicroRNA silencing in primates: towards development of novel therapeutics. Cancer Res. 2009, 69: 393-395. 10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2749","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"859_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2634","volume":"10","author":"CM Croce","year":"2009","unstructured":"Croce CM: Causes and consequences of microRNA dysregulation in cancer. Nat Rev Genet. 2009, 10: 704-714. 10.1038\/nrg2634","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"859_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500613102","volume":"102","author":"PS Eis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eis PS, Tam W, Sun L, Chadburn A, Li Z, Gomez MF, Lund E, Dahlberg JE: Accumulation of miR-155 and BIC RNA in human B cell lymphomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005, 102: 3627-3632. 10.1073\/pnas.0500613102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"859_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06174","volume":"449","author":"L Ma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ma L, Teruya-Feldstein J, Weinberg RA: Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer. Nature. 2007, 449: 682-688. 10.1038\/nature06174","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09284","volume":"467","author":"PP Medina","year":"2010","unstructured":"Medina PP, Nolde M, Slack FJ: OncomiR addiction in an in vivo model of microRNA-21-induced pre-B-cell lymphoma. Nature. 2010, 467: 86-90. 10.1038\/nature09284","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1848209","volume":"23","author":"MS Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar MS, Pester RE, Chen CY, Lane K, Chin C, Lu J, Kirsch DG, Golub TR, Jacks T: Dicer1 functions as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor. Genes Dev. 2009, 23: 2700-2704. 10.1101\/gad.1848209","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"859_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2005.00015.x","volume":"96","author":"Y Karube","year":"2005","unstructured":"Karube Y, Tanaka H, Osada H, Tomida S, Tatematsu Y, Yanagisawa K, Yatabe Y, Takamizawa J, Miyoshi S, Mitsudomi T, Takahashi T: Reduced expression of Dicer associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Cancer Sci. 2005, 96: 111-115. 10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2005.00015.x","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"859_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-6405","volume":"68","author":"AH Ting","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ting AH, Suzuki H, Cope L, Schuebel KE, Lee BH, Toyota M, Imai K, Shinomura Y, Tokino T, Baylin SB: A requirement for DICER to maintain full promoter CpG island hypermethylation in human cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008, 68: 2570-2575. 10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-6405","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"859_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0803785","volume":"359","author":"WM Merritt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Merritt WM, Lin YG, Han LY, Kamat AA, Spannuth WA, Schmandt R, Urbauer D, Pennacchio LA, Cheng JF, Nick AM: Dicer, Drosha, and outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. 2008, 359: 2641-2650. 10.1056\/NEJMoa0803785","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"859_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1258\/0023677021911740","volume":"36","author":"W Nicklas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nicklas W, Baneux P, Boot R, Decelle T, Deeny AA, Fumanelli M, Illgen-Wilcke B: Recommendations for the health monitoring of rodent and rabbit colonies in breeding and experimental units. Lab Anim. 2002, 36: 20-42. 10.1258\/0023677021911740","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"key":"859_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7832","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7832-7838.2001","volume":"69","author":"B Bjorkholm","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bjorkholm B, Lundin A, Sillen A, Guillemin K, Salama N, Rubio C, Gordon JI, Falk P, Engstrand L: Comparison of genetic divergence and fitness between two subclones of Helicobacter pylori. Infect Immun. 2001, 69: 7832-7838. 10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7832-7838.2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"859_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.8.3781-3788.2004","volume":"42","author":"HO Nilsson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nilsson HO, Ouis IS, Stenram U, Ljungh A, Moran AP, Wadstrom T, Al-Soud WA: High prevalence of Helicobacter Species detected in laboratory mouse strains by multiplex PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing. J Clin Microbiol. 2004, 42: 3781-3788. 10.1128\/JCM.42.8.3781-3788.2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"859_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R80","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2004-5-10-r80","volume":"5","author":"RC Gentleman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gentleman RC, Carey VJ, Bates DM, Bolstad B, Dettling M, Dudoit S, Ellis B, Gautier L, Ge Y, Gentry J: Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. Genome Biol. 2004, 5: R80- 10.1186\/gb-2004-5-10-r80","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"859_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8836","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008836","volume":"5","author":"LH Gregersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gregersen LH, Jacobsen AB, Frankel LB, Wen J, Krogh A, Lund AH: MicroRNA-145 targets YES and STAT1 in colon cancer cells. PLoS One. 2010, 5: e8836- 10.1371\/journal.pone.0008836","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"859_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.103259.109","volume":"20","author":"A Jacobsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jacobsen A, Wen J, Marks DS, Krogh A: Signatures of RNA binding proteins globally coupled to effective microRNA target sites. Genome Res. 2010, 20: 1010-1019. 10.1101\/gr.103259.109","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"859_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.05.017","volume":"26","author":"N Raver-Shapira","year":"2007","unstructured":"Raver-Shapira N, Marciano E, Meiri E, Spector Y, Rosenfeld N, Moskovits N, Bentwich Z, Oren M: Transcriptional activation of miR-34a contributes to p53-mediated apoptosis. Mol Cell. 2007, 26: 731-743. 10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.05.017","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"859_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.05.010","volume":"26","author":"TC Chang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chang TC, Wentzel EA, Kent OA, Ramachandran K, Mullendore M, Lee KH, Feldmann G, Yamakuchi M, Ferlito M, Lowenstein CJ: Transactivation of miR-34a by p53 broadly influences gene expression and promotes apoptosis. Mol Cell. 2007, 26: 745-752. 10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.05.010","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"859_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05939","volume":"447","author":"L He","year":"2007","unstructured":"He L, He X, Lim LP, de Stanchina E, Xuan Z, Liang Y, Xue W, Zender L, Magnus J, Ridzon D: A microRNA component of the p53 tumour suppressor network. Nature. 2007, 447: 1130-1134. 10.1038\/nature05939","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.6.13.4436","volume":"6","author":"V Tarasov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tarasov V, Jung P, Verdoodt B, Lodygin D, Epanchintsev A, Menssen A, Meister G, Hermeking H: Differential regulation of microRNAs by p53 revealed by massively parallel sequencing: miR-34a is a p53 target that induces apoptosis and G1-arrest. Cell Cycle. 2007, 6: 1586-1593. 10.4161\/cc.6.13.4436","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"859_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13421","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801613105","volume":"105","author":"M Yamakuchi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yamakuchi M, Ferlito M, Lowenstein CJ: miR-34a repression of SIRT1 regulates apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008, 105: 13421-13426. 10.1073\/pnas.0801613105","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"859_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.56.2.106","volume":"56","author":"A Jemal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Smigal C, Thun MJ: Cancer statistics, 2006. CA Cancer J Clin. 2006, 56: 106-130. 10.3322\/canjclin.56.2.106","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"859_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.57.1.43","volume":"57","author":"A Jemal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ: Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007, 57: 43-66. 10.3322\/canjclin.57.1.43","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"859_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2010.0033","volume":"8","author":"MA Shah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shah MA, Kelsen DP: Gastric cancer: a primer on the epidemiology and biology of the disease and an overview of the medical management of advanced disease. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2010, 8: 437-447.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"859_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-009-0722-x","volume":"126","author":"AN Milne","year":"2009","unstructured":"Milne AN, Carneiro F, O'Morain C, Offerhaus GJ: Nature meets nurture: molecular genetics of gastric cancer. Hum Genet. 2009, 126: 615-628. 10.1007\/s00439-009-0722-x","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"859_CR39","first-page":"511","volume":"144","author":"YH Shiao","year":"1994","unstructured":"Shiao YH, Rugge M, Correa P, Lehmann HP, Scheer WD: p53 alteration in gastric precancerous lesions. Am J Pathol. 1994, 144: 511-517.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"859_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/23.3.419","volume":"23","author":"A Shibata","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shibata A, Parsonnet J, Longacre TA, Garcia MI, Puligandla B, Davis RE, Vogelman JH, Orentreich N, Habel LA: CagA status of Helicobacter pylori infection and p53 gene mutations in gastric adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis. 2002, 23: 419-424. 10.1093\/carcin\/23.3.419","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"859_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.018","volume":"139","author":"J Wei","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wei J, Nagy TA, Vilgelm A, Zaika E, Ogden SR, Romero-Gallo J, Piazuelo MB, Correa P, Washington MK, El-Rifai W: Regulation of p53 Tumor Suppressor by Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Epithelial Cells. Gastroenterology. 2010, 139: 1333-1343. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"859_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s101200050011","volume":"1","author":"L Jiaqing","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jiaqing L, Hokita S, Xiangming C, Natsugoe S, Tanabe G, Baba M, Takao S, Aikou T: Role of cyclin E and p53 expression in progression of early gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer. 1998, 1: 160-165. 10.1007\/s101200050011","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"859_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0464-y","volume":"54","author":"G Kouraklis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kouraklis G, Katsoulis IE, Theocharis S, Tsourouflis G, Xipolitas N, Glinavou A, Sioka C, Kostakis A: Does the expression of cyclin E, pRb, and p21 correlate with prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma?. Dig Dis Sci. 2009, 54: 1015-1020. 10.1007\/s10620-008-0464-y","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"859_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110173251603","volume":"325","author":"J Parsonnet","year":"1991","unstructured":"Parsonnet J, Friedman GD, Vandersteen DP, Chang Y, Vogelman JH, Orentreich N, Sibley RK: Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of gastric carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1991, 325: 1127-1131. 10.1056\/NEJM199110173251603","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"859_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110173251604","volume":"325","author":"A Nomura","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nomura A, Stemmermann GN, Chyou PH, Kato I, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ: Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma among Japanese Americans in Hawaii. N Engl J Med. 1991, 325: 1132-1136. 10.1056\/NEJM199110173251604","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"859_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4719","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4620","volume":"70","author":"A Shinozaki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shinozaki A, Sakatani T, Ushiku T, Hino R, Isogai M, Ishikawa S, Uozaki H, Takada K, Fukayama M: Downregulation of microRNA-200 in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2010, 70: 4719-4727. 10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-4620","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"859_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-010-1202-2","volume":"14","author":"Y Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen Y, Song Y, Wang Z, Yue Z, Xu H, Xing C, Liu Z: Altered expression of MiR-148a and MiR-152 in gastrointestinal cancers and its clinical significance. J Gastrointest Surg. 2010, 14: 1170-1179. 10.1007\/s11605-010-1202-2","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"859_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000879","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000879","volume":"6","author":"J Tie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tie J, Pan Y, Zhao L, Wu K, Liu J, Sun S, Guo X, Wang B, Gang Y, Zhang Y: MiR-218 inhibits invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by targeting the Robo1 receptor. PLoS Genet. 2010, 6: e1000879- 10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000879","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"859_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2777","volume":"70","author":"Y Tsukamoto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tsukamoto Y, Nakada C, Noguchi T, Tanigawa M, Nguyen LT, Uchida T, Hijiya N, Matsuura K, Fujioka T, Seto M, Moriyama M: MicroRNA-375 is downregulated in gastric carcinomas and regulates cell survival by targeting PDK1 and 14-3-3zeta. Cancer Res. 2010, 70: 2339-2349. 10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2777","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"859_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-16","volume":"9","author":"HY Wan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wan HY, Guo LM, Liu T, Liu M, Li X, Tang H: Regulation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB1 by microRNA-9 in human gastric adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer. 2010, 9: 16- 10.1186\/1476-4598-9-16","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"859_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2683","volume":"221","author":"MS Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim MS, Oh JE, Kim YR, Park SW, Kang MR, Kim SS, Ahn CH, Yoo NJ, Lee SH: Somatic mutations and losses of expression of microRNA regulation-related genes AGO2 and TNRC6A in gastric and colorectal cancers. J Pathol. 2010, 221: 139-146. 10.1002\/path.2683","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"859_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-010-0617-2","volume":"88","author":"H Zhou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhou H, Guo JM, Lou YR, Zhang XJ, Zhong FD, Jiang Z, Cheng J, Xiao BX: Detection of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood from patients with gastric cancer using microRNA as a marker. J Mol Med. 2010, 88: 709-717. 10.1007\/s00109-010-0617-2","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"859_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70343-2","volume":"11","author":"T Ueda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ueda T, Volinia S, Okumura H, Shimizu M, Taccioli C, Rossi S, Alder H, Liu CG, Oue N, Yasui W: Relation between microRNA expression and progression and prognosis of gastric cancer: a microRNA expression analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2010, 11: 136-146. 10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70343-2","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"859_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605608","volume":"102","author":"M Tsujiura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tsujiura M, Ichikawa D, Komatsu S, Shiozaki A, Takeshita H, Kosuga T, Konishi H, Morimura R, Deguchi K, Fujiwara H: Circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancers. Br J Cancer. 2010, 102: 1174-1179. 10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605608","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"859_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1819009","volume":"23","author":"X Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang X, Feng M, Jiang X, Wu Z, Li Z, Aau M, Yu Q: miR-449a and miR-449b are direct transcriptional targets of E2F1 and negatively regulate pRb-E2F1 activity through a feedback loop by targeting CDK6 and CDC25A. Genes Dev. 2009, 23: 2388-2393. 10.1101\/gad.1819009","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"859_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2009.19","volume":"28","author":"EJ Noonan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Noonan EJ, Place RF, Pookot D, Basak S, Whitson JM, Hirata H, Giardina C, Dahiya R: miR-449a targets HDAC-1 and induces growth arrest in prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2009, 28: 1714-1724. 10.1038\/onc.2009.19","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"859_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e328305a07a","volume":"18","author":"W Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu W, Lin Z, Zhuang Z, Liang X: Expression profile of mammalian microRNAs in endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2009, 18: 50-55. 10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e328305a07a","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"859_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-8-27","volume":"8","author":"DM Jukic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jukic DM, Rao UN, Kelly L, Skaf JS, Drogowski LM, Kirkwood JM, Panelli MC: Microrna profiling analysis of differences between the melanoma of young adults and older adults. J Transl Med. 2010, 8: 27- 10.1186\/1479-5876-8-27","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"859_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3335","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-128579","volume":"23","author":"S Greco","year":"2009","unstructured":"Greco S, De Simone M, Colussi C, Zaccagnini G, Fasanaro P, Pescatori M, Cardani R, Perbellini R, Isaia E, Sale P: Common micro-RNA signature in skeletal muscle damage and regeneration induced by Duchenne muscular dystrophy and acute ischemia. FASEB J. 2009, 23: 3335-3346. 10.1096\/fj.08-128579","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"859_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.188","volume":"17","author":"M Lize","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lize M, Pilarski S, Dobbelstein M: E2F1-inducible microRNA 449a\/b suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 2009, 17: 452-458. 10.1038\/cdd.2009.188","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"859_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.9.2.10502","volume":"9","author":"M Feng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feng M, Yu Q: miR-449 regulates CDK-Rb-E2F1 through an auto-regulatory feedback circuit. Cell Cycle. 2010, 9: 213-214. 10.4161\/cc.9.2.10502","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"859_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5017","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210293","volume":"26","author":"C Welch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Welch C, Chen Y, Stallings RL: MicroRNA-34a functions as a potential tumor suppressor by inducing apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Oncogene. 2007, 26: 5017-5022. 10.1038\/sj.onc.1210293","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"859_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.7.16.6533","volume":"7","author":"D Lodygin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lodygin D, Tarasov V, Epanchintsev A, Berking C, Knyazeva T, Korner H, Knyazev P, Diebold J, Hermeking H: Inactivation of miR-34a by aberrant CpG methylation in multiple types of cancer. Cell Cycle. 2008, 7: 2591-2600. 10.4161\/cc.7.16.6533","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"859_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.109","volume":"17","author":"NR Christoffersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Christoffersen NR, Shalgi R, Frankel LB, Leucci E, Lees M, Klausen M, Pilpel Y, Nielsen FC, Oren M, Lund AH: p53-independent upregulation of miR-34a during oncogene-induced senescence represses MYC. Cell Death Differ. 2010, 17: 236-245. 10.1038\/cdd.2009.109","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"}],"container-title":["Molecular Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1476-4598-10-29.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T13:33:32Z","timestamp":1630503212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1476-4598-10-29"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,18]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1476-4598-10-29","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 September 2010","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"29"}}