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Since there is growing evidence that macrolide antibiotic-resistant bacteria's spreaders in the populations received macrolide therapy, it is strongly desired to develop macrolide antibiotics, which showed only anti-inflammatory action. The present study was designed to examine the influence of clarithromycin (CAM) and its metabolized materials, M-1, M-4 and M-5, on free radical generation from nasal polyp fibroblasts (NPFs) through the choice of nitric oxide (NO), which is one of important effector molecule in the development of airway inflammatory disease<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>NPFs (5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>cells\/ml) were stimulated with 1.0 \u03bcg\/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of agents for 24 hours. NO levels in culture supernatants were examined by the Griess method. We also examined the influence of agents on the phosphorylation of MAPKs, NF-\u03baB activation, iNOS mRNA expression and iNOS production in NPFs cultured for 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The addition of CAM (&gt; 0.4 \u03bcg\/ml) and M-4 (&gt; 0.04 \u03bcg\/ml) could suppress NO production from NPFs after LPS stimulation through the suppression of iNOS mRNA expression and NF-\u03baB activation. CAM and M-4 also suppressed phosphorylation of MAPKs, ERK and p38 MAPK, but not JNK, which are increased LPS stimulation. On the other hand, M-1 and M-5 could not inhibit the NO generation, even when 0.1 \u03bcg\/ml of the agent was added to cell cultures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present results may suggest that M-4 will be a good candidate for the agent in the treatment of chronic airway inflammatory diseases, since M-4 did not have antimicribiological effects on gram positive and negative bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-7-56","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,24]],"date-time":"2010-11-24T07:13:57Z","timestamp":1290582837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Suppression of nitric oxide production from nasal fibroblasts by metabolized clarithromycin in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ayako","family":"Furuya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhito","family":"Asano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naruo","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kojiro","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Hamasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harumi","family":"Suzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"174_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00070-4","volume":"1","author":"K Asano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Asano K, Suzuki M, Shimane T, Suzaki H: Suppressive activity of co-stimulatory molecule expressions on splenic B lymphocytes by a macrolide antibiotic, roxithromycin in vitro. 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