{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:32:11Z","timestamp":1792654331349,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Qual Life Outcomes"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the associations between vision-targeted health-related quality of life (VT-HRQ) and ocular surface parameters in patients with Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome, a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by dry eye and dry mouth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-two patients fulfilling European \/ American diagnostic criteria for Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome underwent Schirmer testing without anesthesia, ocular surface vital dye staining; and measurement of tear film breakup time (TBUT). Subjects were administered the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the 25-item National Eye Institute Vision Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ). Main outcome measures included ocular surface parameters, OSDI subscales describing ocular discomfort (OSDI-symptoms), vision-related function (OSDI-function), and environmental triggers, and NEI-VFQ subscales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants (aged 31\u201381 y; 95% female) all had moderate to severe dry eye. Associations of OSDI subscales with the ocular parameters were modest (Spearman r (\u03c1) &lt; 0.22) and not statistically significant. Associations of NEI-VFQ subscales with the ocular parameters reached borderline significance for the near vision subscale with TBUT (\u03c1 = 0.32, p = .05) and for the distance vision subscale with van Bijsterveld score (\u03c1 = 0.33, p = .04). The strongest associations of the two questionnaires were for: ocular pain and mental function with OSDI-symptoms (\u03c1 = 0.60 and 0.45, respectively); and general vision, ocular pain, mental function, role function, and driving with OSDI-function (\u03c1 = 0.60, 0.50, 0.61, 0.64, 0.57, and 0.67, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Associations between conventional objective measures of dry eye and VT-HRQ were modest. The generic NEI-VFQ was similar to the disease-specific OSDI in its ability to measure the impact of Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome-related dry eye on VT-HRQ.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-2-44","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,10]],"date-time":"2004-09-10T02:23:21Z","timestamp":1094783001000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Comparison of the NEI-VFQ and OSDI questionnaires in patients with Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome-related dry eye"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Vitale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda A","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George 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