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It has been proposed that increased serum hCG levels could be due to transcriptional hyper-activation of the <jats:italic>CGB<\/jats:italic> (hCG beta) gene, or an increased half life of glycosylated hCG hormone, or both. Another possibility is that serum hCG levels remain high due to reduced availability of the hormone's cognate receptor, LHCGR, leading to lack of hormone utilization. We have tested this hypothesis by quantifying the expression of the hCG beta <jats:italic>(CGB)<\/jats:italic> RNA, <jats:italic>LHCGR<\/jats:italic> RNA and LHCGR proteins in chorionic villous samples. We demonstrate that chorionic expression of hCG beta <jats:italic>(CGB)<\/jats:italic> mRNA directly correlates with high serum hCG levels. The steady-state synthesis of <jats:italic>LHCGR<\/jats:italic> mRNA (exons 1\u20135) in DS pregnancies was significantly higher than that of controls, but the expression of full-length <jats:italic>LHCGR<\/jats:italic> mRNA (exons 1\u201311) in DS was comparable to that of uncompromised pregnancies. However, the synthesis of high molecular weight mature LHCGR proteins was significantly reduced in DS compared to uncompromised pregnancies, suggesting a lack of utilization of circulating hCG in DS pregnancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-3-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,21]],"date-time":"2005-06-21T18:13:54Z","timestamp":1119377634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A link between high serum levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin and chorionic expression of its mature functional receptor (LHCGR) in Down's syndrome pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Subhasis","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Smallwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aris","family":"Papageorghiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugues","family":"Loosfelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kypros","family":"Nicolaides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"233_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.18.120184.000441","volume":"18","author":"TJ Hassold","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hassold TJ, Jacobs PA: Trisomy in man. 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