{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T23:13:39Z","timestamp":1782947619763,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cost Eff Resour Alloc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A live-attenuated vaccine aimed at preventing herpes zoster (HZ) and its main complication, post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is available in Europe for immunocompetent adults aged 50 years and more. The study objective is to assess the cost effectiveness of a vaccination program for this population in the UK.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A state-transition Markov model has been developed to simulate the natural history of HZ and PHN and to estimate the lifetime effects of vaccination in the UK. Several health states are defined including good health, HZ, PHN, and death. HZ and PHN health states are further divided to reflect pain severity.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The model predicts that a vaccination strategy for those aged over 50 years would lead to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of \u00a313,077 per QALY gained from the NHS perspective, when compared to the current strategy of no vaccination. Age-group analyses show that the lowest ICERs (\u00a310,984 and \u00a310,275 for NHS) are observed when vaccinating people between 60-64 and 65-69 years of age. Sensitivity analyses showed that results are sensitive to the duration of vaccine protection, discount rate, utility decrements and pain severity split used.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Using the commonly accepted threshold of \u00a330,000 per QALY gained in the UK, most scenarios of vaccination programmes preventing HZ and PHN, including the potential use of a repeat dose, may be considered cost-effective by the NHS, especially within the 60 to 69 age-groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7547-8-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]],"date-time":"2010-04-30T18:14:30Z","timestamp":1272651270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["A health economic model for evaluating a vaccine for the prevention of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lee","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Remy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maud","family":"Beillat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"109_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/00013542-199310000-00006","volume":"4","author":"E Miller","year":"1993","unstructured":"Miller E, Marshall R, Vurdien J: Epidemiology, outcome and control of varicella-zoster infection. Rev Med Micro 1993, 4: 222\u2013230.","journal-title":"Rev Med Micro"},{"key":"109_CR2","first-page":"2437","volume":"61","author":"SJ Stankus","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stankus SJ, Dlugopolski M, Packer D: Management of Herpes Zoster (Shingles) and Postherpetic Neuralgia. American Family Physician 2000, 61: 2437\u20132448.","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"109_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/19.5.471","volume":"19","author":"W Opstelten","year":"2002","unstructured":"Opstelten W, Mauritz JW, de Wit NJ, van Wijck AJ, Stalman WA, van Essen GA: Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: incidence and risk indicators using a general practice research database. Fam Pract 2002, 19: 471\u2013475. 10.1093\/fampra\/19.5.471","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"109_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200211000-00002","volume":"18","author":"KE Schmader","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schmader KE: Epidemiology and impact on quality of life of postherpetic neuralgia and painful diabetic neuropathy. Clin J Pain 2002, 18: 350\u2013354. 10.1097\/00002508-200211000-00002","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"109_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.09.026","volume":"24","author":"FT Scott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scott FT, Johnson RW, Leedham-Green M, Davies E, Edmunds WJ, Breuer J: The burden of Herpes Zoster: a prospective population based study. Vaccine 2006, 24: 1308\u20131314. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.09.026","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"109_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051016","volume":"352","author":"MN Oxman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, Schmader KE, Straus SE, Gelb LD, Arbeit RD, Simberkoff MS, Gershon AA, Davis LE, Weinberg A, Boardman KD, Williams HM, Zhang JH, Peduzzi PN, Beisel CE, Morrison VA, Guatelli JC, Brooks PA, Kauffman CA, Pachucki CT, Neuzil KM, Betts RF, Wright PF, Griffin MR, Brunell P, Soto NE, Marques AR, Keay SK, Goodman RP: A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. N Engl J Med 2005, 352: 2271\u20132284. 10.1056\/NEJMoa051016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"109_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00310-07","volume":"15","author":"LI Gilderman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gilderman LI, Lawless JF, Nolen TM, Sterling T, Rutledge RZ, Fernsler DA, Azrolan N, Sutradhar SC, Wang WW, Chan IS, Schlienger K, Sch\u00f6del F, Silber JL: Zostavax Protocol 010 Study Group: A double-blind, randomized, controlled, multicenter safety and immunogenicity study of a refrigerator-stable formulation of Zostavax. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008, 15: 314\u2013319. 10.1128\/CVI.00310-07","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"109_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.12.024","volume":"27","author":"AJ Van Hoek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Hoek AJ, Gay N, Melegaro A, Opstelten W, Edmunds WJ: Estimating the cost-effectiveness of vaccination against herpes zoster in England and Wales. Vaccine 2009, 27: 1454\u201367. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.12.024","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"109_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120924","volume":"46","author":"EM Nagasako","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nagasako EM, Johnson RW, Griffin DR, Dworkin RH: Rash severity in herpes zoster: correlates and relationship to postherpetic neuralgia. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002, 46: 834\u2013839. 10.1067\/mjd.2002.120924","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"109_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7264.778","volume":"321","author":"AL Cunningham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cunningham AL, Dworkin RH: The management of post-herpetic neuralgia. BMJ 2000, 321: 778\u2013779. 10.1136\/bmj.321.7264.778","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"109_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268808000678","volume":"137","author":"A Gauthier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gauthier A, Breuer J, Carrington D, Martin M, Remy V: Epidemiology and cost of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia in the United Kingdom. Epidemiol Infect 2009, 137: 38\u201347. 10.1017\/S0950268808000678","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"109_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00044-5","volume":"19","author":"WJ Edmunds","year":"2001","unstructured":"Edmunds WJ, Brisson M, Rose JD: The epidemiology of herpes zoster and potential cost-effectiveness of vaccination in England and Wales. Vaccine 2001, 19: 3076\u20133090. 10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00044-5","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"109_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.01.359","volume":"6","author":"G Oster","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oster G, Harding G, Dukes E, Edelsberg J, Cleary PD: Pain, medication use, and health-related quality of life in older persons with postherpetic neuralgia: results from a population-based survey. J Pain 2005, 6: 356\u2013363. 10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.01.359","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"109_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7392.748","volume":"326","author":"RW Johnson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson RW, Dworkin RH: Treatment of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. BMJ 2003, 326: 748\u2013750. 10.1136\/bmj.326.7392.748","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"109_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.09.066","volume":"25","author":"JM Pellissier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pellissier JM: Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness in the United States of a Vaccine to Prevent Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia in Older Adults. Vaccine 2007, 25: 8326\u20138337. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.09.066","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"109_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2004.06.001","volume":"5","author":"PM Coplan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Coplan PM, Schmader K, Nikas A, Chan IS, Choo P, Levin MJ, Johnson G, Bauer M, Williams HM, Kaplan KM, Guess HA, Oxman MN: Development of a measure of the burden of pain due to herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia for prevention trials: adaptation of the brief pain inventory. J Pain 2004, 5: 344\u2013356. 10.1016\/j.jpain.2004.06.001","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"109_CR17","unstructured":"Hospital Episodes Statistics Data 2004\u20132005\n2006. [http:\/\/www.hesonline.nhs.uk]"},{"key":"109_CR18","unstructured":"NHS Tariff 2005\u20132006\n2006. [http:\/\/www.dh.gov.uk\/PublicationsAndStatistics\/Publications\/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance\/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidanceArticle\/fs\/en?CONTENT_ID=4091529&chk=f%2Bcvh8]"},{"key":"109_CR19","unstructured":"UK National Statistics\n2006. [http:\/\/www.statistics.gov.uk]"},{"key":"109_CR20","unstructured":"2005 Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) Analysis by All Employees Table 1.5a\n2006. [http:\/\/www.statistics.gov.uk\/downloads\/theme_labour\/ASHE_2005\/2005_all_employees.pdf]"},{"key":"109_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01397.x","volume":"55","author":"B Kerzner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kerzner B, Murray AV, Cheng E, Ifle R, Harvey PR, Tomlinson M, Barben JL, Rarrick K, Stek JE, Chung MO, Sch\u00f6del FP, Wang WW, Xu J, Chan IS, Silber JL, Schlienger K: Safety and immunogenicity profile of the concomitant administration of ZOSTAVAX and inactivated influenza vaccine in adults aged 50 and older. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007, 55: 1499\u20131507. 10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01397.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"109_CR22","unstructured":"Curtis L, Netten A: Unit Costs of Health and Social Care 2005. 2006. Personal Social Services Research Unit 2005.\n[http:\/\/www.erpho.org.uk\/viewResource.aspx?id=13562]"},{"key":"109_CR23","unstructured":"Health Survery for England 1996\n2006. [http:\/\/www.archive.official-documents.co.uk\/document\/doh\/survey96\/ehch1.htm]"},{"key":"109_CR24","unstructured":"Canada. National Population Health Survey (NPHS) 1996\u20131997\n[http:\/\/www.statcan.gc.ca\/dli-ild\/data-donnees\/ftp\/nphs-ensp-eng.htm]"},{"key":"109_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.01.014","volume":"10","author":"AM McDermott","year":"2006","unstructured":"McDermott AM, Toelle TR, Rowbotham DJ, Schaefer CP, Dukes EM: The burden of neuropathic pain: results from a cross-sectional survey. Eur J Pain 2006, 10: 127\u2013135. 10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.01.014","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"109_CR26","unstructured":"Government Actuary's Department\n2006. [http:\/\/www.gad.gov.uk]"},{"key":"109_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.2.123","volume":"55","author":"L Bonneux","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bonneux L, Birnie E: The discount rate in the economic evaluation of prevention: a thought experiment. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001, 55: 123\u2013125. 10.1136\/jech.55.2.123","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"109_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200523070-00001","volume":"23","author":"JM Bos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bos JM, Postma MJ, Annemans L: Discounting health effects in pharmacoeconomic evaluations: current controversies. Pharmacoeconomics 2005, 23: 639\u2013649. 10.2165\/00019053-200523070-00001","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"109_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00036-5","volume":"51","author":"MV Bala","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bala MV, Wood LL, Zarkin GA, Norton EC, Gafni A, O'Brien B: Valuing outcomes in health care: a comparison of willingness to pay and quality-adjusted life-years. J Clin Epidemiol 1998, 51: 667\u2013676. 10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00036-5","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"109_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1086\/523011","volume":"45","author":"M Brisson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brisson M: Cost-Effectiveness of Herpes Zoster Vaccine: Flawed Assumptions Regarding Efficacy against Postherpetic Neuralgia. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007, 45: 1527\u20131529. 10.1086\/523011","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"109_CR31","volume-title":"Guide to the methods of technology appraisal. London","author":"National Institute for Clinical Excellence","year":"2004","unstructured":"National Institute for Clinical Excellence: Guide to the methods of technology appraisal. London.\n2004. [http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/niceMedia\/pdf\/TAP_Methods.pdf]"},{"key":"109_CR32","volume-title":"Health, Prevention and Economics","author":"DR Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen DR, Henderson JB: Health, Prevention and Economics. Oxford, Oxford University Press; 1988."},{"key":"109_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7514.446","volume":"331","author":"WB Brouwer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brouwer WB, Niessen LW, Postma MJ, Rutten FF: Need for differential discounting of costs and health effects in cost effectiveness analyses. BMJ 2005, 331: 446\u2013448. 10.1136\/bmj.331.7514.446","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"109_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp013211","volume":"347","author":"JW Gnann Jr","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gnann JW Jr, Whitley RJ: Clinical practice. Herpes zoster. N Engl J Med 2002, 347: 340\u2013346. 10.1056\/NEJMcp013211","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"109_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003023420906","volume":"342","author":"DH Gilden","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gilden DH, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, LaGuardia JJ, Mahalingam R, Cohrs RJ: Neurologic complications of the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus. N Engl J Med 2000, 342: 635\u2013645. 10.1056\/NEJM200003023420906","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1478-7547-8-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T04:21:06Z","timestamp":1630470066000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/resource-allocation.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1478-7547-8-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1478-7547-8-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-7547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-7547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2010","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2010","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"7"}}