{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:48:13Z","timestamp":1760888893248},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanoscale Res Lett"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To achieve both high speed and separation efficiency in the separation of a mixture of nerve and blister agent simulants, a high-aspect-ratio micro-fabricated multi-capillary column (MCC, a 50-cm-long, 450-\u03bcm-deep, and 60-\u03bcm-wide four-capillary column) was fabricated by the application of the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) techniques. Mixtures of chemical warfare agent (CWA) simulants - dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), triethyl phosphate (TEP), and methyl salicylate - were used as samples. The fabricated MCC allowed for the separation of all the components of the gaseous mixture within 24\u00a0s, even when the difference in boiling point was 4\u00b0C, as in the case of TEP and methyl salicylate. Furthermore, interfering agents - dichloromethane, ethanol, and toluene - were also included in the subsequent gaseous mixture samples. The boiling point of these six components ranged from 78\u00b0C to 219\u00b0C. All six components were clearly separated within 70\u00a0s. This study is the first to report the clear separation of gas mixtures of components with close boiling points. The column efficiency was experimentally determined to be 12,810 plates\/m.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276x-9-224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]],"date-time":"2014-05-08T11:04:42Z","timestamp":1399547082000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["High-separation efficiency micro-fabricated multi-capillary gas chromatographic columns for simulants of the nerve agents and blister agents"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaosong","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiling","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinghao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1985_CR1","first-page":"26","volume":"1979","author":"S Terry","year":"1880","unstructured":"Terry S, Jerman J, Angell J: A gas chromatographic air analyzer fabricated on a silicon wafer. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 1880, 1979: 26.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Electron Devices"},{"issue":"1","key":"1985_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2009.06.022","volume":"141","author":"S Ali","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ali S, Ashraf-Khorassani M, Taylor LT, Agah M: MEMS-based semi-packed gas chromatography columns. Sensors and Actuators B: Chem 2009, 141(1):309. 10.1016\/j.snb.2009.06.022","journal-title":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chem"},{"key":"1985_CR3","first-page":"010","volume":"4","author":"MJ Liao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liao MJ, Wang L, Du XS, Xie GZ, Hu J, Jiang YD: Development of MEMS Gas Chromatography Column. Chin J Electron Devices 2011, 4: 010.","journal-title":"Chin J Electron Devices"},{"issue":"10","key":"1985_CR4","first-page":"639","volume":"48","author":"L Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang L, Du XS, Hu J, Jiang YD: Research progress of structures for MEMS gas chromatography columns. Micronanoelectronic Technol 2011, 48(10):639.","journal-title":"Micronanoelectronic Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1985_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2006.874495","volume":"6","author":"PR Lewis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lewis PR, Manginell RP, Adkins DR, Kottenstette RJ, Wheeler DR, Sokolowski SS, Trudell DE: Recent advancements in the gas-phase MicroChemLab. Sensors J 2006, 6(3):784.","journal-title":"Sensors J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1985_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1109\/84.338634","volume":"3","author":"RR Reston","year":"1994","unstructured":"Reston RR, Kolesar ES: Silicon-micromachined gas chromatography system used to separate and detect ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. I. Design, fabrication, and integration of the gas chromatography system. J Microelectromech Syst 1994, 3(4):134. 10.1109\/84.338634","journal-title":"J Microelectromech Syst"},{"key":"1985_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1117\/12.324309","volume":"3511","author":"CM Matzke","year":"1998","unstructured":"Matzke CM, Kottenstette RJ, Casalnuovo SA, Frye-Mason GC, Hudson ML, Sasaki DY, Wong CC: Microfabricated silicon gas chromatographic microchannels: fabrication and performance. In Proceedings of SPIE: Micromachining and Microfabrication International Society for Optics and Photonics 1998, 3511: 262.","journal-title":"In Proceedings of SPIE: Micromachining and Microfabrication International Society for Optics and Photonics"},{"key":"1985_CR8","volume-title":"Introduction to Microfabrication Techniques","author":"R Zaouk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zaouk R, Park BY, Madou MJ: Introduction to Microfabrication Techniques. Totowa: Humana Press; 2006."},{"issue":"7","key":"1985_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mejo.2005.04.039","volume":"36","author":"F Martya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martya F, Rousseaua L, Saadanya B, Merciera B, Fran\u00e7aisa O, Mitab Y, Bourouina T: Advanced etching of silicon based on deep reactive ion etching for silicon high aspect ratio microstructures and three-dimensional micro- and nanostructures. Microelectron J 2005, 36(7):673. 10.1016\/j.mejo.2005.04.039","journal-title":"Microelectron J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1985_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2007.893515","volume":"16","author":"A Masoud","year":"2007","unstructured":"Masoud A, Kensall DW: Low-mass PECVD oxynitride gas chromatographic columns. J Microelectromech Syst 2007, 16(4):853.","journal-title":"J Microelectromech Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"1985_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2002.805052","volume":"11","author":"HS Noh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Noh HS, Hesketh PJ, Frye-Mason G: Parylene gas chromatographic column for rapid thermal cycling. J Microelectromech Syst 2002, 11(6):718. 10.1109\/JMEMS.2002.805052","journal-title":"J Microelectromech Syst"},{"key":"1985_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.03.022","volume":"1921","author":"J Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun J, Cui D, Chen X, Zhang L, Cai H, Li H: Fabrication and characterization of microelectromechanical systems-based gas chromatography column with embedded micro-posts for separation of environmental carcinogens. J Chromatogr A. 2013, 1921: 122.","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"5","key":"1985_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2006.879708","volume":"15","author":"M Agah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Agah M, Lambertus GR, Sacks R, Wise K: High-speed MEMS-based gas chromatography. J Microelectromechanical Syst 2006, 15(5):1371. 10.1109\/JMEMS.2006.879708","journal-title":"J Microelectromechanical Syst"},{"key":"1985_CR14","volume-title":"Open Tubular Column Gas Chromatography: Theory and Practice","author":"ML Lee","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lee ML, Yang FJ, Bartle KD: Open Tubular Column Gas Chromatography: Theory and Practice. New York: Wiley; 1984."},{"key":"1985_CR15","volume-title":"Basic Gas Chromatography","author":"HM McNair","year":"1998","unstructured":"McNair HM, Miller JM: Basic Gas Chromatography. New York: Wiley-Interscsience; 1998."},{"issue":"1","key":"1985_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2008.2007267","volume":"18","author":"MA Zareian-Jahromi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zareian-Jahromi MA, Ashraf-Khorassani M, Taylor LT, Agah M: Design, modeling, and fabrication of MEMS-based multicapillary gas chromatographic columns. J Microelectromech Syst 2009, 18(1):28.","journal-title":"J Microelectromech Syst"},{"issue":"9","key":"1985_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1021\/ac030367x","volume":"76","author":"G Lambertus","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lambertus G, Elstro A, Sensenig K, Potkay J, Agah M, Scheuering S, Sacks R: Design, fabrication, and evaluation of microfabricated columns for gas chromatography. Anal chem 2004, 76(9):2629. 10.1021\/ac030367x","journal-title":"Anal chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"1985_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)98939-3","volume":"115","author":"L Blomberg","year":"1975","unstructured":"Blomberg L: Deactivation of glass capillary columns for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1975, 115(2):365. 10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)98939-3","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"1985_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)82330-4","volume":"216","author":"MJE Golay","year":"1981","unstructured":"Golay MJE: The height equivalent to a theoretical plate of retentionless rectangular tubes. J Chromatogr 1981, 216: 1.","journal-title":"J Chromatogr"},{"key":"1985_CR20","volume-title":"Stationary phases in gas chromatography","author":"H Rotzsche","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rotzsche H: Stationary phases in gas chromatography. New York: Elsevier Science; 1991."}],"container-title":["Nanoscale Research Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1556-276X-9-224.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T04:41:12Z","timestamp":1679287272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/1556-276X-9-224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1556-276x-9-224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-276X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-276X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"224"}}