{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T07:00:27Z","timestamp":1763017227202},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]],"date-time":"2012-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342569600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Location information is crucial for most applications and protocol designs in high-speed vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). In traditional approaches, this is obtained by object tracking techniques that keep tracking the objects and publish the information to the users. In highly dynamic environments, however, these approaches are not efficient as the target objects in VANETs are typically vehicles that present high mobility. Their locations keep changing in a large range so that the tracking and information publication algorithms have to be frequently invoked to obtain the instant locations of the objects. To deal with this problem, we propose a novel approach based on the observation that in high-speed VANET environment, the target objects are strictly constrained by the road network. Their mobilities are well patterned and many patterns can clearly be identified. These patterns can smartly be leveraged so that a large amount of control overhead can be saved. Towards this end, in this article we adopt <jats:italic>Variable-order Markov<\/jats:italic> model to abstract <jats:italic>Vehicular Mobility Pattern<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>VMP<\/jats:italic>) from the real trace data in Shanghai. We leverage <jats:italic>VMP<\/jats:italic> for predicting the possible trajectories of moving vehicles which help to keep the timely effectiveness of the evolutional location information. To reveal the benefits of <jats:italic>VMP<\/jats:italic>, we propose a Prediction-based Soft Routing Protocol (PSR), taking <jats:italic>VMP<\/jats:italic> as an advantage. The experimental results show that PSR significantly outperforms existing solutions in terms of control packet overhead, packet delivery ratio, packet delivery delay. In certain scenarios, the control packet overhead can be saved by up to 90% compared with DSR, and 75% compared with WSR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]],"date-time":"2012-07-18T14:16:07Z","timestamp":1342620967000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["A novel vehicular location prediction based on mobility patterns for routing in urban VANET"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Guangtao","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jiadi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Minglu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"436_CR1","first-page":"69","volume-title":"An Integrated Mobility and Traffic Model for Vehicular Wireless Networks","author":"DR Choffnes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Choffnes DR, Bustamante FE: An Integrated Mobility and Traffic Model for Vehicular Wireless Networks. Proceedings of the Second ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), Cologne, Germany; 2005:69-78."},{"key":"436_CR2","first-page":"1919","volume-title":"Connectivity-aware routing (CAR) in vehicular ad hoc networks","author":"V Naumov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naumov V, Gross TR: Connectivity-aware routing (CAR) in vehicular ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), Anchorage, AK; 2007:1919-1927."},{"key":"436_CR3","first-page":"1","volume-title":"VADD: vehicle-assisted data delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks","author":"J Zhao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhao J, Cao G: VADD: vehicle-assisted data delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, Barcelona, Catalunya; 2006:1-12."},{"key":"436_CR4","first-page":"140","volume-title":"Capacity of large scale wireless networks under Gaussian channel model","author":"S Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li S, Liu YH, Li X-Y: Capacity of large scale wireless networks under Gaussian channel model. Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom), San Francisco, California; 2008:140-151."},{"issue":"5","key":"436_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1983.1056741","volume":"29","author":"J Rissanen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rissanen J: A universal data compression system. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 1983, 29(5):656-664. 10.1109\/TIT.1983.1056741","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"issue":"7196","key":"436_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06958","volume":"453","author":"MC Gonzalez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzalez MC, Hidalgo CA, Barabasi A-L: Understanding individual human mobility patterns. Nat. J. 2008, 453(7196):779-782. 10.1038\/nature06958","journal-title":"Nat. J"},{"key":"436_CR7","first-page":"153","volume":"353","author":"DB Johnson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Johnson DB, Maltz DA: Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks, in Proceedings of the Second Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom), Rye. New York 1996, 353: 153-181.","journal-title":"New York"},{"issue":"2","key":"436_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2008.926511","volume":"17","author":"B-N Cheng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cheng B-N, Yuksel M, Kalyanaraman S: Orthogonal rendezvous routing protocol for wireless mesh networks. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 2009, 17(2):542-555.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw"},{"issue":"5","key":"436_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2010.2043113","volume":"18","author":"UG Acer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Acer UG, Kalyanaraman S, Abouzeid AA: Weak state routing for large-scale dynamic networks. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 2010, 18(5):1450-1463.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw"},{"key":"436_CR10","unstructured":"Network simulator. 2011. ns-2.http:\/\/www.isi.edu\/nsnam\/ns"},{"key":"436_CR11","unstructured":"CMU Monarch Project. 1999. http:\/\/ftp.monarch.cs.cmu.Edu\/pub\/monarch\/wireless-sim\/ns-cmu.ps"},{"issue":"6","key":"436_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2004.838604","volume":"12","author":"IF Akyildiz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Akyildiz IF, Wang W: The predictive user mobility profile framework for wireless multimedia networks. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 2004, 12(6):1021-1035. 10.1109\/TNET.2004.838604","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw"},{"key":"436_CR13","first-page":"899","volume-title":"Predictive mobility and location-aware routing protocol in mobile ad hoc networks","author":"T-E Lu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lu T-E, Feng K-T: Predictive mobility and location-aware routing protocol in mobile ad hoc networks. Proceedings of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GlobeCom), St. Louis, MO; 2005:899-903."},{"key":"436_CR14","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Context-aware resource management in multi-inhabitant smart homes: a Nash h-learning based approach","author":"R Nirmalya","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nirmalya R, Abhishek R, Das SK: Context-aware resource management in multi-inhabitant smart homes: a Nash h-learning based approach. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (Percom), Pisa, Italy; 2006:11-158."},{"issue":"4","key":"436_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2007.897656","volume":"56","author":"N Vinod","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vinod N, Lixin G: Prediction based routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 2007, 56(4):2332-2345.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"436_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2004.28","volume":"3","author":"D Son","year":"2004","unstructured":"Son D, Helmy A, Krishnamachari B: The effect of mobility induced location errors on geographic routing in ad hoc networks: analysis and improvement using mobility prediction. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 2004, 3(3):233-245. 10.1109\/TMC.2004.28","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput"},{"key":"436_CR17","first-page":"58","volume-title":"Media sharing based on colocation prediction in urban transport","author":"L McNamara","year":"2008","unstructured":"McNamara L, Mascolo C, Capra L: Media sharing based on colocation prediction in urban transport. Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Mobile computing and networking (MobiCom), San Francisco, California; 2008:58-69."},{"key":"436_CR18","first-page":"217","volume-title":"SEER: metropolitan-scale traffic perception based on lossy sensory data","author":"Z Hongzi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hongzi Z, Yuanchen Z, Minglu L, Ni LM: SEER: metropolitan-scale traffic perception based on lossy sensory data. Proceedings of the 28th Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 2009:217-225."},{"issue":"3","key":"436_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2006.876204","volume":"14","author":"M Grossglauser","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grossglauser M, Vetterli M: Locating mobile nodes with ease: learning efficient routes from encounter histories alone. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw. 2006, 14(3):457-469.","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw"},{"key":"436_CR20","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Traffic-known urban vehicular route prediction based on partial mobility patterns","author":"G Xue","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xue G, Li Z, Zhu H, Liu Y: Traffic-known urban vehicular route prediction based on partial mobility patterns. Proceedings of 2009 International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS2009), Shenzhen China; 2009:369-375."}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T20:32:15Z","timestamp":1630528335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-222","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"222"}}