{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T08:31:06Z","timestamp":1778056266372,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T16:14:50Z","timestamp":1377620090000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Energy-efficient cluster-based security mechanism for intra-WBAN and inter-WBAN communications for healthcare applications"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Aftab","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farrukh Aslam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"791_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2005.854512","volume":"9","author":"R Paradiso","year":"2005","unstructured":"Paradiso R, Loriga G, Taccini N: A wearable health care system based on knitted integrated sensors. Proc. IEEE Trans. Info. Technol. Biomed 2005, 9(3):337-344. 10.1109\/TITB.2005.854512","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE Trans. Info. Technol. Biomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"791_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2005.1593277","volume":"7","author":"D Djenouri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Djenouri D, Khelladi L, Badache N: A survey of security issues in mobile ad hoc and sensor networks. IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials 2005, 7(4):2-28. 10.1109\/COMST.2005.1593277","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials"},{"issue":"2","key":"791_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2006.315852","volume":"8","author":"Y Wang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang Y, Attebury G, Ramamurthy B: A survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials 2006, 8(2):2-23.","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surveys and Tutorials"},{"issue":"5","key":"791_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016598314198","volume":"8","author":"A Perrig","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perrig A, Szewczyk R, Tygar JD, Wen V, Culler D: SPINS: security protocol for sensor networks. Wireless Netw 2002, 8(5):521-534. 10.1023\/A:1016598314198","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"issue":"4","key":"791_CR5","first-page":"60","volume":"6","author":"KK Venkatasubramaniam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Venkatasubramaniam KK, Gupta SKS: Physiological value-based efficient usable security solutions for body sensor networks. ACM Trans. Sens. Netw. (TOSN) 2010, 6(4):60-68.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Sens. Netw. (TOSN)"},{"key":"791_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3911","DOI":"10.3390\/s100403911","volume":"10","author":"SMKUR Raazi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Raazi SMKUR, Lee H, Lee S, Lee YK: BARI+: a biometric based distributed key management approach for wireless body area networks. Sensors 2010, 10: 3911-3933. 10.3390\/s100403911","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"791_CR7","volume-title":"Body Sensor Networks","author":"O Aziz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aziz O, Lo B, Yang GZ, AraDarzi: Chapter 1. Body sensor networks - introduction. In Body Sensor Networks. London: Springer-Verlag; 2006."},{"issue":"2","key":"791_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-011-0791-4","volume":"66","author":"A Ali","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali A, Irum S, Firdous K, Khan FA: A cluster-based key agreement scheme using keyed hashing for body area networks. Multimedia Tools and Applications 2013, 66(2):201-214. 10.1007\/s11042-011-0791-4","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools and Applications"},{"key":"791_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali A, Khan FA: An improved EKG-based key agreement scheme for body area networks,. Proceedings of International Conference on Information Security & Assurance (ISA\u201910). Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Miyazaki, June 2010)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13365-7_29"},{"key":"791_CR10","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE INFOCOM Workshop on Mission Critical Networks","author":"KK Venkatasubramaniam","year":"2008","unstructured":"Venkatasubramaniam KK, Banerjee A, Gupta SKS: EKG-based key agreement in body sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE INFOCOM Workshop on Mission Critical Networks. New York; April 2008."},{"key":"791_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1142\/6175","volume-title":"Where Medicine Went Wrong: Rediscovering the Path to Complexity (Studies of Nonlinear Phenomena in Life Science","author":"BJ West","year":"2006","unstructured":"West BJ: Where Medicine Went Wrong: Rediscovering the Path to Complexity (Studies of Nonlinear Phenomena in Life Science. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company; 2006."},{"key":"791_CR12","first-page":"32","volume":"7,4,","author":"B Zarei","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zarei B, Zeynali M, Nezhad VM: Novel cluster based routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. Int. JComput. Sci. Issues(IJCSI) 2010, 7,4,: 32-36.","journal-title":"Int. JComput. Sci. Issues(IJCSI)"},{"key":"791_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krawczyk H, Bellare M, Canetti R: HMAC: keyed-hashing for message authentication. (RFC2104., HMAC, February 1997)","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc2104"},{"key":"791_CR14","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Mobile and Pervasive Computing","author":"F Adelstein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Adelstein F, Gupta SKS, Richard G, Schwiebert L: Fundamentals of Mobile and Pervasive Computing. New York: McGraw Hill; 2005."},{"key":"791_CR15","volume-title":"4th IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, (Networking and Communications (SecPriWiMob 2008)","author":"F Kausar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kausar F, Saeed MQ, Masood A: Key management and secure routing in heterogeneous sensor networks. In 4th IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, (Networking and Communications (SecPriWiMob 2008). Avignon; 12\u201314 October 2008."},{"key":"791_CR16","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-33)","author":"WR Heinzelman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Heinzelman WR, Chandrakasan A, Balakrishnan H: Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensornetworks. In Proceedings of IEEE 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-33). Hawaii; 4\u20137 January 2000."},{"key":"791_CR17","unstructured":"Van Laerhoven K, Lo BPL, Ng JWP, et al.: Medical healthcare monitoring with wearable and implantable sensors. 3rd International Workshop on Ubiquitous Computing for Pervasive Healthcare Applications (UbiHealth) [Online] Available: http:\/\/www.healthcare.pervasive.dk\/ubicomp2004\/papers\/final_papers\/laerhoven.pdf"},{"key":"791_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5561","DOI":"10.3390\/s110605561","volume":"11","author":"A Darwish","year":"2011","unstructured":"Darwish A, Hassanien AE: Wearable and implantable wireless sensor network solutions for healthcare monitoring. Sensors 2011, 11: 5561-5595. 10.3390\/s110605561","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"791_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2011.2119477","volume":"12","author":"P Kumar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kumar P, Lee HJ: Security issues in healthcare applications using wireless medical sensor networks: a survey. Sensors 2012, 12(1):55-91.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"791_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-011-9669-2","volume":"35","author":"G Selimis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Selimis G, Huang L, Mass\u00e9 F, Tsekoura I, Ashouei M, Catthoor F, Huisken J, Stuyt J, Dolmans G, Penders J, De Groot H: A lightweight security scheme for wireless body area networks: design, energy evaluation and proposed microprocessor design. J. Med. Syst 2011, 35: 289-1298.","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst"},{"key":"791_CR21","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Network and Distributed Systems Security","author":"D Balfanz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Balfanz D, Smetters DK, Stewart P, Chi Wong H: Talking to strangers: Authentication in ad-hoc wireless networks. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Network and Distributed Systems Security. San Diego, California; February 2002."},{"key":"791_CR22","first-page":"97","volume":"4,1,","author":"RV Sampangi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sampangi RV, Dey S, Urs SR, Sampalli S: A security suite for wireless body area networks. Int. J. Netw. Secur. & Its Appl. (IJNSA) 2012, 4,1,: 97-116.","journal-title":"Int. J. Netw. Secur. & Its Appl. (IJNSA)"},{"key":"791_CR23","first-page":"500","volume":"2,4,","author":"S Setia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Setia S, Jajodia S, ZHU S: LEAP+: efficient security mechanisms for large-scale distributed sensor networks. ACM Trans. Sens. Netw 2006, 2,4,: 500-528.","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Sens. Netw"},{"key":"791_CR24","volume-title":"CCS Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security","author":"L Eschenauer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eschenauer L, Gligor VD: A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks. In CCS Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York: ACM; 18\u201322 November 2002."},{"key":"791_CR25","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys \u201907)","author":"C Kuo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuo C, Luk M, Negi R, Perrig A: Message-in-a-bottle: user-friendly and secure key deployment for sensor nodes. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys \u201907). New York: ACM; 6\u20139 November 2007."},{"key":"791_CR26","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops","author":"KK Venkatasubramaniam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Venkatasubramaniam KK, Gupta SKS, Cherukuri S: BioSec: A biometric based approach for securing communication in Wireless networks of biosensors implanted in the human body. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops. Kaohsiung; 6\u20139 October 2003."},{"key":"791_CR27","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th European conference on Security and Privacy in Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks (ESAS\u201907)","author":"R Mayrhofer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mayrhofer R: The candidate key protocol for generating secret shared keys from similar sensor data streams. In Proceedings of the 4th European conference on Security and Privacy in Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks (ESAS\u201907). Berlin; July 2007."},{"key":"791_CR28","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE\u201907)","author":"R Mayrhofer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mayrhofer R, Gellersen H: Shake well before use: authentication based on accelerometer data. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE\u201907). Berlin; 13\u201316 May 2007."},{"key":"791_CR29","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Sensing and Information Processing (ICISIP \u201906)","author":"KK Venkatasubramaniam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Venkatasubramaniam KK, Gupta SKS: Security for pervasive health monitoring sensor applications. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Sensing and Information Processing (ICISIP \u201906). Bangalore; 14\u201316 December 2006."},{"key":"791_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1981.1094909","volume":"29,11,","author":"D Baker","year":"1981","unstructured":"Baker D, Ephremides A: The architectural organization of a mobile radio network via a distributed algorithm. IEEE Trans. Commun 1981, 29,11,: 1694-1701.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"791_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2002.804190","volume":"1","author":"WR Heinzelman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Heinzelman WR, Chandrakasan A, Balakrishnan H: An application -specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun 2002, 1(4):660-670. 10.1109\/TWC.2002.804190","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"791_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2011.05.036","volume":"12","author":"H Ali","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ali H, Shahzad W, Khan FA: Energy-efficient clustering in mobile ad hoc networks using multi-objective particle swarm optimization. Appl. Soft Comput 2012, 12(7):1913-1928. 10.1016\/j.asoc.2011.05.036","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput"},{"key":"791_CR33","volume-title":"Proceedings of Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC \u201906)","author":"K Sun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sun K, Ning P, Wang C: Secure distributed cluster formation in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC \u201906). Washington, DC; December 2006."},{"key":"791_CR34","volume-title":"Proceeding of the 8th International Symposium on Wearable Computers","author":"V Laerhoven","year":"2004","unstructured":"Laerhoven V, Gellersen H: Spine versus porcupine: a study in distributed wearable activity recognition. In Proceeding of the 8th International Symposium on Wearable Computers. Washington, DC; 31 October to 4 November 2004."},{"key":"791_CR35","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshop","author":"K Ouchi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ouchi K, Suzuki T, Doi M: Lifeminder: A wearable healthcare support system using user\u2019s context. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshop. Vienna; July 2002."},{"issue":"4","key":"791_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2004.41","volume":"3","author":"O Younis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Younis O, Fahmy S: HEED: a hybrid, energy-efficient, distributed clustering approach for ad hoc sensor networks. Proc. IEEE Trans. mobile comput 2004, 3(4):366-379. 10.1109\/TMC.2004.41","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE Trans. mobile comput"},{"key":"791_CR37","volume-title":"Proceedings of 38th International Conference on Communication","author":"C Karlof","year":"2003","unstructured":"Karlof C, Wagner D: Secure routing in wireless sensor networks: attacks and countermeasures. In Proceedings of 38th International Conference on Communication. New York; 7\u20139 September 2003."},{"issue":"2","key":"791_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1504\/IJWMC.2006.012471","volume":"1","author":"X Du","year":"2006","unstructured":"Du X, Xiao Y: Energy efficient chessboard clustering and routing in heterogeneous sensor network. Int. J. Wireless and, Mobile Comput 2006, 1(2):121-130. 10.1504\/IJWMC.2006.012471","journal-title":"Int. J. Wireless and, Mobile Comput"},{"key":"791_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017","volume":"6","author":"K Deb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Deb K, Pratap A, Agarwal S, Meyarivan T: A fast and elitist multi-objective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II. IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput 2002, 6: 182-197. 10.1109\/4235.996017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput"},{"key":"791_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.896686","volume":"122","author":"YD Valle","year":"2008","unstructured":"Valle YD, Venayagamoorthy GK, Mohagheghi S, Hernandez JC: Particle swarm optimization: basic concepts, variants and applications in power systems. IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput 2008, 122: 171-195.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput"},{"key":"791_CR41","volume-title":"GPS-free positioning in mobile ad hoc networks","author":"S Capkun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Capkun S, Hamdi M, Hubaux JP: GPS-free positioning in mobile ad hoc networks. 2002."},{"key":"791_CR42","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-34)","author":"S Capkun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Capkun S, Hamdi M, Hubaux JP: GPS-free positioning in mobile ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-34). Washington, DC; 2008."},{"key":"791_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2007.04.021","volume":"51","author":"GM Bar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bar GM, Fidan B, Anderson DO: 2007 Wireless sensor network localization techniques. Comput. Netw 2007, 51: 2529-2553. doi:10.1016\/j.comnet.2006.11.018 10.1016\/j.comnet.2006.11.018","journal-title":"Comput. Netw"},{"key":"791_CR44","unstructured":"NIH, NIBIB: National Institute of General Medical Sciences, PhysioBankArchive. . Accessed 15 October 2012 http:\/\/www.physionet.org\/physiobank\/database\/"},{"key":"791_CR45","unstructured":"Brown RG: Dieharder: a random number test suite. Accessed 23 October 2012 http:\/\/www.phy.duke.edu\/~rgb\/General\/dieharder.php"},{"key":"791_CR46","volume-title":"DIEHARD Statistical Tests","author":"G Marsaglia","year":"1995","unstructured":"Marsaglia G: DIEHARD Statistical Tests. Florida State University; 1995."},{"key":"791_CR47","volume-title":"Intel Technical Brief,","author":"Intel Platform Security Division","year":"1999","unstructured":"Intel Platform Security Division: The Intel random number generator. Intel Technical Brief, 1999. Retrieved 6 December 2012 http:\/\/citeseer.ist.psu.edu\/435839.html"},{"key":"791_CR48","volume-title":"An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications","author":"W Feller","year":"1968","unstructured":"Feller W: An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications. NewYork: Wiley; 1968."},{"key":"791_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00206323","volume":"1","author":"BS KaliskiJr","year":"1988","unstructured":"KaliskiJr BS, Rivest RL: AT Sherman, Is the data encryption standard a group? (results of cycling experiments on DES). J. Cryptol 1988, 1: 3-36.","journal-title":"J. Cryptol"},{"key":"791_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1145\/948109.948119","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS\u201903)","author":"D Liu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liu D, Ning P: Establishing pairwise keys in distributed sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS\u201903). New York: ACM; 2003:52-61."},{"key":"791_CR51","unstructured":"Raffo D: PhD Thesis, Chapter 6: cryptosystems for the ad hoc environment. Universit\u00e9 Paris 6, 2005. . Accessed 28 May 2013 http:\/\/perso.crans.org\/raffo\/papers\/phdthesis\/thesisch6.html Universit\u00e9 Paris 6, 2005. . Accessed 28 May 2013"}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T23:25:37Z","timestamp":1646436337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["791"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1687-1499-2013-216","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]]},"article-number":"216"}}