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Traditional hill-climbing search algorithm cannot usually focus accurately due to the interference of the evaluation function of the local extremum affected by measuring environment, such as light illumination. A compound auto-focal judgment combining image definition evaluation function and modulation transfer function (MTF) auxiliary function was introduced to improve the hill-climbing method. Definition evaluation function and MTF values of images were considered to judge the search direction together. Slanted-edge method was improved to calculate the image MTF values accurately based on the auto-selection of slanted-edge area. Lastly, the principle and implementation of the improved algorithm were given. In the theodolite auto-focusing system, the system imaging effect was validated, and different initial position and circumstances were considered using the proposed searching algorithm. The experiment results of theodolite auto-focus system show that the improved hill-climbing search algorithm can effectively eliminate the local extremum disturbance and make the system search focusing accurate and reliable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2014-110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]],"date-time":"2014-07-09T03:02:58Z","timestamp":1404874978000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Searching algorithm of theodolite auto-focusing based on compound focal judgment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Chun-tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhen-xin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hong-cai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"945_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2019755","volume":"28","author":"M Moscaritolo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moscaritolo M, Jampel H, Knezevich F, Zeimer R: An image based auto-focusing algorithm for digital fundus photography. 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