{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T08:16:07Z","timestamp":1765268167580},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]],"date-time":"2012-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334880000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In radar high-resolution range profile (HRRP)-based statistical target recognition, one of the most challenging task is the feature extraction. This article utilizes spectrogram feature of HRRP data for improving the recognition performance, of which the spectrogram is a two-dimensional feature providing the variation of frequency domain feature with time domain feature. And then, a new radar HRRP target recognition method is presented via a truncated stick-breaking hidden Markov model (TSB-HMM). Moreover, multi-task learning (MTL) is employed, from which a full posterior distribution on the numbers of states associated with the targets can be inferred and the target-dependent states information are shared among multiple target-aspect frames of each target. The framework of TSB-HMM allows efficient variational Bayesian inference, of interest for large-scale problem. Experimental results for measured data show that the spectrogram feature has significant advantages over the time domain sample in both the recognition and rejection performance, and MTL provides a better recognition performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]],"date-time":"2012-04-20T12:14:18Z","timestamp":1334924058000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Multi-task hidden Markov modeling of spectrogram feature from radar high-resolution range profiles"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Mian","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Penghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"275_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-rsn:20030428","volume":"150","author":"J Zwart","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zwart J, Heiden R, Gelsema S, Groen F: Fast translation invariant classification of HRR range profiles in a zero phase representation. IEE Proc Radar Sonar Navigat 2003, 150(6):411-418. 10.1049\/ip-rsn:20030428","journal-title":"IEE Proc Radar Sonar Navigat"},{"issue":"2","key":"275_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(96)00077-5","volume":"30","author":"R Vander Heiden","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vander Heiden R, Groen FCA: The Box-Cox metric for nearest neighbour classification improvement. Pattern Recognit 1997, 30(2):273-279. 10.1016\/S0031-3203(96)00077-5","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit"},{"issue":"2","key":"275_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1431251","volume":"41","author":"M-D Xing","year":"2002","unstructured":"Xing M-D, Bao Z, Pei B: The properties of high-resolution range profiles. Opt Eng 2002, 41(2):493-504. 10.1117\/1.1431251","journal-title":"Opt Eng"},{"key":"275_CR4","volume-title":"Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Rader--Signal Processing Algorithms","author":"WG Carrara","year":"1995","unstructured":"Carrara WG, Goodman RS, Majewski RM: Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Rader--Signal Processing Algorithms. Arthech House, Norwood, MA; 1995."},{"issue":"18","key":"275_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2009.1423","volume":"45","author":"J Chai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chai J, Liu H-W, Bao Z: Combinatorial discriminant analysis: supervised feature extraction that integrates global and local criteria. Electron Lett 2009, 45(18):934-935. 10.1049\/el.2009.1423","journal-title":"Electron Lett"},{"issue":"7","key":"275_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2005.849161","volume":"53","author":"L Du","year":"2005","unstructured":"Du L, Liu H-W, Bao Z: Radar HRRP target recognition based on higher-order spectra. IEEE Trans Signal Process 2005, 53(7):2359-2368.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"275_CR7","first-page":"6","volume":"2008","author":"B Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen B, Liu H-W, Yuan L, Bao Z: Adaptively segmenting angular sectors for radar HRRP ATR. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process 2008, 2008: 6. Article ID 641709","journal-title":"EURASIP J Adv Signal Process"},{"issue":"3","key":"275_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1109\/7.784076","volume":"35","author":"RA Mitchell","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mitchell RA, Westerkamp JJ: Robust statistical feature based aircraft identification. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 1999, 35(3):1077-1094. 10.1109\/7.784076","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"275_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2003.1261122","volume":"39","author":"K Copsey","year":"2003","unstructured":"Copsey K, Webb AR: Bayesian Gamma mixture model approach to radar target recognition. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 2003, 39(4):1201-1217. 10.1109\/TAES.2003.1261122","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst"},{"key":"275_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00195-8","volume":"33","author":"AR Webb","year":"2000","unstructured":"Webb AR: Gamma mixture models for target recognition. Pattern Recognit 2000, 33: 2045-2054. 10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00195-8","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit"},{"issue":"6","key":"275_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2226","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.873534","volume":"54","author":"L Du","year":"2006","unstructured":"Du L, Liu H-W, Bao Z, Zhang J-Y: A two-distribution compounded statistical model for radar HRRP target recognition. IEEE Trans Signal Process 2006, 54(6):2226-2238.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"issue":"5","key":"275_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2007.11.003","volume":"88","author":"L Du","year":"2008","unstructured":"Du L, Liu H-W, Bao Z: Radar HRRP target recognition based on hypersphere model. Signal Process 2008, 88(5):1176-1190. 10.1016\/j.sigpro.2007.11.003","journal-title":"Signal Process"},{"issue":"5","key":"275_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.912283","volume":"56","author":"L Du","year":"2008","unstructured":"Du L, Liu H-W, Bao Z: Radar HRRP statistical recognition: parametric model and model selection. IEEE Trans Signal Process 2008, 56(5):1931-1944.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"issue":"3","key":"275_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2005.1541451","volume":"41","author":"B Pei","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pei B, Bao Z: Multi-aspect radar target recognition method based on scattering centers and HMMs classifiers. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 2005, 41(3):1067-1074. 10.1109\/TAES.2005.1541451","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"275_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2002.1145746","volume":"38","author":"X-J Liao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liao X-J, Runkle P, Carin L: Identification of ground targets from sequential high-range-resolution radar signatures. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 2002, 38(4):1230-1242. 10.1109\/TAES.2002.1145746","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"275_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2007.892708","volume":"55","author":"F Zhu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhu F, Zhang X-D, Hu Y-F, Xie D: Nonstationary hidden Markov models for multiaspect discriminative feature extraction from radar targets. IEEE Trans Signal Process 2007, 55(5):2203-2213.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"275_CR17","first-page":"661","volume":"6","author":"J Winn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Winn J, Bishop CM: Variational message passing. J Mach Learn Res 2005, 6: 661-694.","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"275_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2714912","volume":"121","author":"K Ni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ni K, Qi Y, Carin L: Multiaspect target detection via the infinite hidden Markov model. J Acoust Soc Am 2007, 121(5):2731-2742. 10.1121\/1.2714912","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"275_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3905","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2024987","volume":"57","author":"J Paisley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Paisley J, Carin L: Hidden markov models with stick breaking priors. IEEE Trans Signal Process 2009, 57: 3905-3917.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"275_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007379606734","volume":"28","author":"R Caruana","year":"1997","unstructured":"Caruana R: Multitask learning. Mach Learn 1997, 28: 41-75. 10.1023\/A:1007379606734","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"275_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65670I","DOI":"10.1117\/12.718974","volume":"6567","author":"SZ G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","year":"2007","unstructured":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz SZ, Melvin WL, Williams DB: Detection and identification of human targets in radar data. Proc SPIE 2007, 6567: 65670I.","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"275_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(98)00032-6","volume":"25","author":"BED Kingsbury","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kingsbury BED, Morgan N, Greenberg S: Robust speech recognition using the modulation spectrogram. Speech Commun 1998, 25(1-3):117-132. 10.1016\/S0167-6393(98)00032-6","journal-title":"Speech Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"275_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.1980.308875","volume":"16","author":"JL Walker","year":"1980","unstructured":"Walker JL: Range-Doppler imaging of rotating objects. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst 1980, 16(1):23-52.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst"},{"key":"275_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1109\/5.18626","volume":"77","author":"LR Rabiner","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rabiner LR: A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proc IEEE 1989, 77: 275-285.","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"275_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1120.003.0079","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14","author":"MJ Beal","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beal MJ, Ghahramani Z, Rassmussen CE: The infinite hidden Markov model. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press; 2002:577-585."},{"key":"275_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-3003(97)10140-0","volume":"97","author":"TT Wong","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wong TT: Generalized Dirichlet distribution in Bayesian analysis. Appl Math Comput 1998, 97: 165-181. 10.1016\/S0096-3003(97)10140-0","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"275_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1198\/016214506000000302","volume":"101","author":"Y Teh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Teh Y, Jordan M, Beal M, Blei D: Hierarchical Dirichlet processes. J Am Stat Assoc 2005, 101: 1566-1582.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"275_CR28","volume-title":"Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice","author":"WG Carrara","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carrara WG, Goodman RS, Majewski RM: Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice. Chapman Hall, London; 1996."},{"key":"275_CR29","volume-title":"Ph.D. dissertation","author":"MJ Beal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beal MJ: Variational algorithms for approximate Bayesian inference. In Ph.D. dissertation. Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London; 2003."},{"issue":"2","key":"275_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007665907178","volume":"37","author":"MI Jordan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jordan MI, Ghahramani Z, Jaakkola TS, Saul L: An introduction to variational methods for graphical models. Mach Learn 1999, 37(2):183-233. 10.1023\/A:1007665907178","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"275_CR31","first-page":"II-433","volume":"2","author":"K Ni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ni K, Qi Y, Carin L: Multi-aspect target classification and detection via the infinite hidden Markov model. Acoust Speech Signal Process 2007, 2: II-433-II-436.","journal-title":"Acoust Speech Signal Process"}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T15:33:58Z","timestamp":1713886438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2012-86","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-6180"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-6180","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2012","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2012","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"86"}}