{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:10:02Z","timestamp":1791598202428,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Unsafe abortion is a significant contributor to worldwide maternal mortality; however, abortion law and policy liberalization could lead to drops in unsafe abortion and related deaths. This review provides an analysis of changes in abortion mortality in three countries where significant policy reform and related service delivery occurred. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, population data and grey literature on programs and policies, this paper demonstrates the policy and program changes that led to declines in abortion-related mortality in Romania, South Africa and Bangladesh. In all three countries, abortion policy liberalization was followed by implementation of safe abortion services and other reproductive health interventions. South Africa and Bangladesh trained mid-level providers to offer safe abortion and menstrual regulation services, respectively, Romania improved contraceptive policies and services, and Bangladesh made advances in emergency obstetric care and family planning. The findings point to the importance of multi-faceted and complementary reproductive health reforms in successful implementation of abortion policy reform.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T19:18:20Z","timestamp":1324581500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Reductions in abortion-related mortality following policy reform: evidence from Romania, South Africa and Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Janie","family":"Benson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazaleh","family":"Samandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"140_CR1","volume-title":"Unsafe abortion: global and regional estimates of the incidence of unsafe abortion and associated mortality in 2008","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2011","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Unsafe abortion: global and regional estimates of the incidence of unsafe abortion and associated mortality in 2008. 2011, Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 6","edition":"6"},{"key":"140_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68397-9","volume":"367","author":"KS Khan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gulmezoglu AM, Van Look PF: WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: A systematic review. The Lancet. 2006, 367: 1066-1074. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68397-9.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"140_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69778-X","volume":"368","author":"S Singh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh S: Hospital admissions resulting from unsafe abortion: Estimates from 13 developing countries. The Lancet. 2006, 368: 1887-92. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69778-X.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"140_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24024-1","volume":"12","author":"M Berer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berer M: National laws and unsafe abortion: The parameters of change. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004, 12: 1-8. 10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24024-1.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR5","first-page":"580","volume":"78","author":"M Berer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berer M: Making abortions safe: a matter of good public health policy and practice. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2000, 78: 580-92.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"140_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2009.00294.x","volume":"35","author":"D Hodgson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hodgson D: Abortion, family planning, and population policy: prospects for the common-ground approach. Population and Development Review. 2009, 35: 479-518. 10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2009.00294.x.","journal-title":"Population and Development Review"},{"key":"140_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1992.tb00902.x","volume":"48","author":"HP David","year":"1992","unstructured":"David HP: Born unwanted: long-term developmental effects of denied abortion. Journal of Social Issues. 1992, 48: 163-81. 10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1992.tb00902.x.","journal-title":"Journal of Social Issues"},{"key":"140_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1086\/506336","volume":"114","author":"C Pop-Eleches","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pop-Eleches C: The impact of an abortion ban on socioeconomic outcomes of children: evidence from Romania. Journal of Political Economy. 2006, 114: 744-773. 10.1086\/506336.","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"140_CR9","volume-title":"Oman to Zimbabwe","author":"United Nations (UN)","year":"2002","unstructured":"United Nations (UN): Abortion policies: a global review. Oman to Zimbabwe. 2002, New York: United Nations, Population Division, III:"},{"key":"140_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24017-4","volume":"12","author":"SS Hirve","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hirve SS: Abortion law, policy and services in India: a critical review. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004, 12: 114-21. 10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24017-4.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(02)00012-5","volume":"10","author":"E Ahman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ahman E, Shah I: Unsafe abortion: Worldwide estimates for 2000. Reproductive Health Matters. 2002, 10: 13-17. 10.1016\/S0968-8080(02)00012-5.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR12","volume-title":"Annual Report: Maternal and Child Health Program","author":"Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare","year":"2010","unstructured":"Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: Annual Report: Maternal and Child Health Program. 2010, http:\/\/mohfw.nic.in\/WriteReadData\/l892s\/9457038092AnnualReporthealth.pdf Accessed on 22 November 2011"},{"key":"140_CR13","first-page":"675","volume":"3","author":"Y Ahmed","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ahmed Y, Mwaba P, Chintu C: A study of maternal mortality at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: The emergence of tuberculosis as a major non-obstetric cause of maternal death. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1999, 3: 675-80.","journal-title":"International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"},{"key":"140_CR14","volume-title":"Safe Motherhood in Zambia: A Situation Analysis","author":"Zambian Ministry of Health and Family Care International","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zambian Ministry of Health and Family Care International: Safe Motherhood in Zambia: A Situation Analysis. 1994, Lusaka, Zambia: Ministry of Health"},{"key":"140_CR15","volume-title":"Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2007","author":"Central Statistical Office (CSO), Ministry of Health (MOH), Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC), University of Zambia, Macro International Inc","year":"2009","unstructured":"Central Statistical Office (CSO), Ministry of Health (MOH), Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC), University of Zambia, Macro International Inc: Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2007. 2009, Calverton, Maryland: CSO and Macro International Inc"},{"key":"140_CR16","volume-title":"Standards and guidelines for reducing unsafe abortion morbidity and mortality in Zambia","author":"Government of the Republic of Zambia, Ministry of Health","year":"2009","unstructured":"Government of the Republic of Zambia, Ministry of Health: Standards and guidelines for reducing unsafe abortion morbidity and mortality in Zambia. 2009"},{"key":"140_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2005.00061.x","volume":"36","author":"J Benson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Benson J: Evaluating abortion care: Old challenges, new directions. Studies in Family Planning. 2005, 36: 189-202. 10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2005.00061.x.","journal-title":"Studies in Family Planning"},{"issue":"Suppl 24","key":"140_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24023-X","volume":"12","author":"BR Johnson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnson BR, Horga M, Fajans P: A strategic assessment of abortion and contraception in Romania. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004, 12 (Suppl 24): 184-94.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2307\/1966479","volume":"22","author":"C Hord","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hord C, David HP, Donnay F, Wolf M: Reproductive health in Romania: Reversing the Ceau\u015fescu legacy. Studies in Family Planning. 1991, 22: 231-40. 10.2307\/1966479.","journal-title":"Studies in Family Planning"},{"key":"140_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-38134-2","volume-title":"Reproductive behavior: Central and Eastern European experience","author":"HP David","year":"1981","unstructured":"David HP, McIntyre RJ: Reproductive behavior: Central and Eastern European experience. 1981, New York: Springer Publishing Company"},{"key":"140_CR21","first-page":"6","volume":"1","author":"HP David","year":"1990","unstructured":"David HP: Ceausescu's psychological legacy: A generation of unwanted children. Psychology International. 1990, 1: 6-7.","journal-title":"Psychology International"},{"key":"140_CR22","first-page":"4","volume":"18","author":"HP David","year":"1990","unstructured":"David HP: Romania ends compulsory childbearing. Population Today. 1990, 18: 4-10. [33] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 1995. Reproductive health survey Romania, 1993: Final report. Atlanta, GA: CDC","journal-title":"Population Today"},{"key":"140_CR23","volume-title":"National maternal mortality statistics","author":"Romanian Ministry of Health (MOH)","year":"1993","unstructured":"Romanian Ministry of Health (MOH): Centre for Health Statistics. National maternal mortality statistics. 1993, Bucharest: MOH"},{"key":"140_CR24","volume-title":"European Health for All Database","author":"World Health Organization\/European Regional Office (WHO\/ERO)","year":"2009","unstructured":"World Health Organization\/European Regional Office (WHO\/ERO): European Health for All Database. 2009, http:\/\/data.euro.who.int\/hfadb\/ Accessed 21 April 2009"},{"key":"140_CR25","unstructured":"United Nations. n.d: Abortion policies: A global review: Romania. http:\/\/www.un.org\/esa\/population\/publications\/abortion\/profiles.htm Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR26","volume-title":"Romania makes the right to family planning real through a model system","author":"United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)","year":"2009","unstructured":"United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA): Romania makes the right to family planning real through a model system. 2009, Newsletter,UNFPA, http:\/\/www.unfpa.ro\/presa\/newsletters\/Romaniafamilyplanningmodel\/?limba=En Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR27","volume-title":"Health rehabilitation project: Romania:Project ID P008759","author":"World Bank","year":"2001","unstructured":"World Bank: Health rehabilitation project: Romania:Project ID P008759. 2001, http:\/\/web.worldbank.org\/external\/projects\/main?pagePK=64283627&piPK=73230&theSitePK=40941&menuPK=228424&Projectid=P008759 Accessed 27 July 2008"},{"key":"140_CR28","volume-title":"John Snow, Inc","author":"JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc. (JSI), United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","year":"2008","unstructured":"JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc. (JSI), United States Agency for International Development (USAID): Scaling up access to reproductive health services in Romania: The Romanian family health initiative 2001-2007. John Snow, Inc. 2008, http:\/\/www.romania.jsi.com\/Docs\/rfhi_final_report.pdf Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR29","volume-title":"John Snow, Inc","author":"M Gasco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gasco M, Hesdgecock D, Wright C: Reaching the poor: Scaling up integrated family planning services (Romania). John Snow, Inc. 2008, http:\/\/www.jsi.com\/Managed\/Docs\/Publications\/ScalingUpSeries\/romania.pdf Accessed on 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR30","volume-title":"Abortion and contraception in Romania: A strategic assessment of policy, programme and research issues","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2004","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): Abortion and contraception in Romania: A strategic assessment of policy, programme and research issues. 2004, Geneva: WHO"},{"key":"140_CR31","volume-title":"Romanian family health initiative: Final narrative report","author":"Population Services International (PSI)","year":"2007","unstructured":"Population Services International (PSI): Romanian family health initiative: Final narrative report. 2007, Bucharest: PSI Romania"},{"key":"140_CR32","volume-title":"The sexual and reproductive health strategy of the Ministry of Health","author":"Romanian Ministry of Health and Family","year":"2003","unstructured":"Romanian Ministry of Health and Family: The sexual and reproductive health strategy of the Ministry of Health. 2003, Bucharest: MOH"},{"key":"140_CR33","volume-title":"Reproductive health survey Romania, 1993: Final report","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"1995","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Reproductive health survey Romania, 1993: Final report. 1995, Atlanta, GA: CDC"},{"key":"140_CR34","volume-title":"Reproductive health survey Romania, 1999: Final report","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2001","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Reproductive health survey Romania, 1999: Final report. 2001, Atlanta, GA: CDC"},{"key":"140_CR35","volume-title":"Romania Reproductive Health Survey (RRHS), 2004","author":"Romanian Ministry of Health (MOH), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2004","unstructured":"Romanian Ministry of Health (MOH), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), World Health Organization (WHO): Romania Reproductive Health Survey (RRHS), 2004. 2004, http:\/\/siteresources.worldbank.org\/INTROMANIA\/Resources\/study.pdf Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR36","volume-title":"Romanian Statistical Yearbook","author":"National Institute of Statistics, Romania","year":"1990","unstructured":"National Institute of Statistics, Romania: Romanian Statistical Yearbook. 1990, http:\/\/www.insse.ro Accessed 21 April 2009, -2006"},{"key":"140_CR37","first-page":"213","volume":"18","author":"Department of National Health and Population Development","year":"1991","unstructured":"Department of National Health and Population Development: Abortions - An emotional volcano. Epidemiological Comments. 1991, 18: 213-20.","journal-title":"Epidemiological Comments"},{"key":"140_CR38","first-page":"432","volume":"87","author":"H Rees","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rees H, Katzenellenogen J, Shabodien R: The epidemiology of incomplete abortion in South Africa. South African Medical Journal. 1997, 87: 432-7.","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"140_CR39","first-page":"438","volume":"87","author":"S Fawcus","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fawcus S, McIntyre J, Jewkes RK: Management of incomplete abortions at South African public hospitals. South African Medical Journal. 1997, 87: 438-42.","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"140_CR40","volume-title":"The Reconstruction and Development Programme: A policy framework","author":"African National Congress","year":"1994","unstructured":"African National Congress: The Reconstruction and Development Programme: A policy framework. 1994, Johannesburg, South Africa: Umanyano Publications"},{"key":"140_CR41","unstructured":"Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act: Act 92. South African Government Gazette. 1996, 377 (17602):"},{"key":"140_CR42","unstructured":"Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Act: Act 213. South African Government Gazette. 2008, 512 (30790):"},{"key":"140_CR43","first-page":"2","volume":"24","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa: Epidemiological comments. Termination of Pregnancy. 1998, 24: 2-","journal-title":"Termination of Pregnancy"},{"key":"140_CR44","first-page":"14","volume":"7","author":"ETM De Jonge","year":"1999","unstructured":"De Jonge ETM, Pattinson RC, Mantel GD: Termination of pregnancy (TOP) in South Africa in its first year: Is TOP getting on top of the problem of unsafe abortion?. Sexual and Reproductive Health Bulletin. 1999, 7: 14-15.","journal-title":"Sexual and Reproductive Health Bulletin"},{"key":"140_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.2307\/3088257","volume":"28","author":"K Dickson-Tetteh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dickson-Tetteh K, Billings DL: Abortion care services provided by registered midwives in South Africa. International Family Planning Perspectives. 2002, 28: 144-50. 10.2307\/3088257.","journal-title":"International Family Planning Perspectives"},{"key":"140_CR46","unstructured":"Reproductive Rights Alliance. Barometer. 1998, 2: 5-"},{"key":"140_CR47","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Safe motherhood initiatives: Critical issues","author":"K Dickson-Tetteh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dickson-Tetteh K, Rees H: Efforts to reduce abortion-related mortality in South Africa. Safe motherhood initiatives: Critical issues. Edited by: Berer M, Ravindran T. 1999, London: Blackwell Science, 190-95."},{"key":"140_CR48","volume-title":"Abortion care manual: A guide for the training of registered midwives in termination of pregnancy, management of incomplete abortions and related reproductive health matters","author":"K Dickson-Tetteh","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dickson-Tetteh K, Gabriel M, Rees M, Gringle R, Winkler J: Abortion care manual: A guide for the training of registered midwives in termination of pregnancy, management of incomplete abortions and related reproductive health matters. 1998, Johannesburg, South Africa: Reproductive Health Research Unit and Ipas"},{"key":"140_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.2307\/3088257","volume":"28","author":"K Dickson-Tetteh","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dickson-Tetteh K, Billings DL: Abortion care services provided by registered midwives in South Africa. International Family Planning Perspectives. 2002, 28: 144-150. 10.2307\/3088257.","journal-title":"International Family Planning Perspectives"},{"issue":"3","key":"140_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2307\/3583415","volume":"9","author":"EM Mitchell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mitchell EM, Trueman K, Gabriel M, Bock LB: Building alliances from ambivalence: Evaluation of abortion values clarification workshops with stakeholders in South Africa. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2005, 9 (3): 89-99. 10.2307\/3583415.","journal-title":"African Journal of Reproductive Health"},{"key":"140_CR51","volume-title":"Health Statistics","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, Health Systems Trust","year":"2005","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, Health Systems Trust: Health Statistics. 2005, http:\/\/indicators.hst.org.za\/healthstats\/47\/data Accessed April 2009"},{"key":"140_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reproductive Rights Alliance. Towards access to reproductive choice - 5 year review of the implantation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996: 1997-2002. 2002, South Africa: Reproductive Rights Alliance","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(97)90013-6"},{"key":"140_CR53","volume-title":"Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 2002-2004","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa: Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 2002-2004. 2006, Pretoria: Department of Health"},{"key":"140_CR54","volume-title":"Government Gazette","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa","year":"1997","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa: White paper for the transformation of the health system in South Africa. Government Gazette. 1997, 382:http:\/\/www.info.gov.za\/whitepapers\/1997\/health.htm,Accessed on 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR55","volume-title":"South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2003, Full Report","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Measure Demographic and Health Surveys+","year":"2004","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Measure Demographic and Health Surveys+: South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2003, Full Report. 2004, Pretoria: Department of Health"},{"key":"140_CR56","volume-title":"Ipas News","author":"E Mhlanga","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mhlanga E: South African doctor looks for faces, factors in maternal deaths. Ipas News. 2005, http:\/\/www.ipas.org\/Library\/News\/News_Items\/South_African_doctor_looks_for_facesfactors_in_maternal_deaths.aspx Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR57","volume-title":"Maternal mortality Actions for Children 1","author":"United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)","year":"2008","unstructured":"United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF): Maternal mortality Actions for Children 1. 2008, http:\/\/www.unicef.org\/devpro\/files\/Actions_Newsletter_EN_080910.pdf Accessed 29 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00422.x","volume":"112","author":"R Jewkes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jewkes R, Rees H, Dickson K, Brown H, Levin J: The impact of age on the epidemiology of incomplete abortions in South Africa after the legislative change. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2005, 112: 355-359. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00422.x.","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"140_CR59","volume-title":"Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 2005-2007","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa: Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 2005-2007. 2008, Pretoria: Department of Health"},{"key":"140_CR60","first-page":"2","volume-title":"Prepared for the Expanding Access: Advancing the Roles of Midlevel Providers in Menstrual Regulation and Elective Abortion Care conference","author":"HH Akhter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Akhter HH: Expanding access: Midlevel provider in menstrual regulation, Bangladesh experience. Prepared for the Expanding Access: Advancing the Roles of Midlevel Providers in Menstrual Regulation and Elective Abortion Care conference. 2002, Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa, 2-6. December 2001"},{"issue":"Supplement","key":"140_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(04)24020-4","volume":"12","author":"SNM Chowdhury","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chowdhury SNM, Moni D: A situation analysis of the menstrual regulation programme in Bangladesh. Reproductive Health Matters. 2004, 12 (Supplement): 95-104.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR62","volume-title":"Evaluation of the Swedish support to the menstrual regulation programme of Bangladesh, June 2003-June 2004","author":"HB Johnston","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johnston HB: Evaluation of the Swedish support to the menstrual regulation programme of Bangladesh, June 2003-June 2004. 2004, The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). Dhaka, Bangladesh"},{"key":"140_CR63","volume-title":"Report of a Royal Netherlands Embassy mission to assess needs and make recommendations for strengthening the national Menstrual Regulation Programme in Bangladesh, draft report for review and feedback from key government, NOG, and other stakeholders","author":"Royal Netherlands Embassy Mission (RNE)","year":"2006","unstructured":"Royal Netherlands Embassy Mission (RNE): Report of a Royal Netherlands Embassy mission to assess needs and make recommendations for strengthening the national Menstrual Regulation Programme in Bangladesh, draft report for review and feedback from key government, NOG, and other stakeholders. 2006, Dhaka: Royal Netherlands Embassy"},{"key":"140_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.01.004","volume":"85","author":"Z Gill","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gill Z, Ahmed JU: Experience for Bangladesh: Implementing emergency obstetric care as part of the reproductive health agenda. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2004, 85: 213-20. 10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.01.004.","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"},{"key":"140_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(06)27229-X","volume":"14","author":"MT Islam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Islam MT, Hawue YA, Waxman R, Bhuiyan AB: Implementation of emergency obstetric care training in Bangladesh: Lessons learned. Reproductive Health Matters. 2006, 14: 61-72. 10.1016\/S0968-8080(06)27229-X.","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"key":"140_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60518-1","volume":"375","author":"MC Hogan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY: Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal s. The Lancet. 2010, 375: 1609-23. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60518-1.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"140_CR67","volume-title":"WHO Statistical Information System","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2005","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): WHO Statistical Information System. 2005, http:\/\/www.who.int\/whosis\/en\/ Accessed 7 September 2009 & Accessed 11 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR68","volume-title":"Bangladesh and Family Planning: An Overview","author":"World Health Organization and South East Asia Regional Office (WHO\/SEARO)","year":"2004","unstructured":"World Health Organization and South East Asia Regional Office (WHO\/SEARO): Bangladesh and Family Planning: An Overview. 2004, http:\/\/www.searo.who.int\/LinkFiles\/Family_Planning_ Fact_Sheets_bangladesh.pdf Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR69","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh [ICDDR, B]","year":"2007","unstructured":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh [ICDDR, B]: Increasing levels of abortion and decreasing abortion-related mortality. Health and Science Bulletin. 2007, 5: 1-23.","journal-title":"Health and Science Bulletin"},{"key":"140_CR70","volume-title":"Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007","author":"National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, ORC Macro","year":"2009","unstructured":"National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, ORC Macro: Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007. 2009, Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, & ORC Macro"},{"key":"140_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61573-6","volume":"370","author":"ME Chowdhury","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chowdhury ME, Botlera R, Koblinsky M: Determinants of reduction in maternal mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh: a 30-year cohort study. The Lancet. 2007, 370: 1320-28. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61573-6.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"140_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06182-7","volume":"358","author":"M Rahman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rahman M, DaVanzo J, Razzaue A: Do better family planning services reduce abortion in Bangladesh?. The Lancet. 2001, 358: 1051-56. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06182-7.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"140_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2307\/3583308","volume":"8","author":"NO Lithur","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lithur NO: Expanding community wareness of abortion as a reproductive health issue in Ghana. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2004, 8: 70-74. 10.2307\/3583308.","journal-title":"African Journal of Reproductive Health"},{"key":"140_CR74","volume-title":"Abortion statistics in Zambia: Research in brief","author":"RN Likwa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Likwa RN: Abortion statistics in Zambia: Research in brief. 2009, Lusaka: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zambia"},{"key":"140_CR75","volume-title":"Abortion in Ghana, in brief","author":"G Sedgh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sedgh G: Abortion in Ghana, in brief. 2010, New York: Guttmacher Institute"},{"key":"140_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01765.x","volume":"115","author":"T Fetters","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fetters T, Vonthanak S, Picardo C, Rathavy T: Abortion-related complications in Cambodia. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2008, 115: 957-968. 10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01765.x.","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"140_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1363\/3600610","volume":"36","author":"H Gebreselassie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gebreselassie H, Fetters T, Singh S: Caring for women with abortion complications in Ethiopia: national estimates and future implications. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2010, 36: 6-15. 10.1363\/3600610.","journal-title":"International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"Supplement","key":"140_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.2307\/2991869","volume":"25","author":"S Henshaw","year":"1999","unstructured":"Henshaw S, Singh S, Haas T: The incidence of abortion worldwide. International Family Planning Perspectives. 1999, 25 (Supplement): S30-S38.","journal-title":"International Family Planning Perspectives"},{"key":"140_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.2307\/2950765","volume":"23","author":"S Singh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Singh S, Cabigon JF, Hossain A, Kamal H, Perez AE: Estimating the level of abortion in the Philippines and Bangladesh. International Family Planning Perspectives. 1997, 23: 100-7. 10.2307\/2950765. 144","journal-title":"International Family Planning Perspectives"},{"key":"140_CR80","volume-title":"Gender Info 2007","author":"United Nations (UN)","year":"2007","unstructured":"United Nations (UN): Gender Info 2007. 2007, United Nations Statistics Division, http:\/\/data.un.org\/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3A12 Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR81","volume-title":"WHO Statistical Information System","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2006","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO): WHO Statistical Information System. 2006, http:\/\/www.who.int\/whosis\/en\/ Accessed 11 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR82","volume-title":"World Population Data Sheet","author":"Population Reference Bureau (PRB)","year":"2008","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau (PRB): World Population Data Sheet. 2008, http:\/\/www.prb.org\/pdf08\/08WPDS_Eng.pdf Accessed 29 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR83","volume-title":"Women of our World","author":"Population Reference Bureau (PRB)","year":"2005","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau (PRB): Women of our World. 2005, http:\/\/www.prb.org\/Source\/ACF199B.pdf Accessed 28 July 2009"},{"key":"140_CR84","volume-title":"Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 1998","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa: Saving mothers: Report on confidential inquiries into maternal deaths in South Africa 1998. 1999, Pretoria: Department of Health"},{"key":"140_CR85","volume-title":"South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 1998, Full Report","author":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Measure Demographic and Health Surveys+","year":"2002","unstructured":"Department of Health, Republic of South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Measure Demographic and Health Surveys+: South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 1998, Full Report. 2002, http:\/\/www.measuredhs.com\/pubs\/pdf\/FR131\/00FrontMatter.pdf Accessed on 28 July 2009"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T18:26:41Z","timestamp":1630520801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-4755-8-39","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 August 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2011","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2011","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"39"}}